The Kingdoms of Africa

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The Kingdoms of Africa
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Africa Builds Kingdoms

• built on finance
• gain power by controlling salt and/or gold trade
• salt usually more valuable than gold in early
  Africa
• salt used to preserve food needed for survival
  in hot, dry climate
• control economy, control the people

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West African Kingdoms

• Ghana
• Capital Saleh
• Crossroads of trade
• collected trade taxes
• huge army of nearly 200,000 men
• traded salt gold
• falls due to outside gold mines, lower tax
  revenues, poor soil, constant fighting

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West African Kingdoms

• Mali
• Capital Timbuktu
• Sundiata Keita Lion Prince
• took control of gold-mining built a huge salt
  trade
• Mansa Musa MMWAMFMWWTMABM
• Musa develops education religion
• after his death kingdom declines

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West African Kingdoms

• Songhai
• Capital Gao
• Sunni Ali conquered salt mines
• built largest West African Empire
• traded salt gold
• mastered river trade
• Moroccan Arabs attacked with superior weapons
  ended Songhais reign

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Rain Forest Kingdoms

• Benin
• founded by King Ewuare around 1440 A.D.
• food surplus great farmland
• produced bananas, yams, rice
• artists sculpted carved metal, wood, and ivory

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Rain Forest Kingdoms

• Kongo
• food surplus great farmland
• weavers wove fabrics from bark plant fibers
  that looked like European velvet
• later a part of slave trade

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East African Empires

• Axum
• Capital Adulis
• King Ezana converted people to Christian
• traded ivory, spices, slaves
• used Red Sea location for water trade network

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East African Empires

• Zimbabwe
• Capital Great Zimbabwe
• powerful kings (father) Mutota (son) Matope
  made empire strong
• traded gold, copper, ivory
• part of Indian Ocean trade network

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Coastal City-States

• powerful East African coastal cities developed
  along trade network of more powerful kingdoms
• these cities traded offered places of rest for
  traders
• Mogadishu
• Mombasa
• Kilwa
• Zanzibar
• Malindi
• Sofala

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The Effects of African Trade

• Powerful very wealthy kingdoms
• Great education religious study
• Science economy flourish
• - European desire for gold slave labor
• - Trade of slaves within Africa
• - The worldwide slave trade
• /- Europe gains more power money
• /- The early USA grows very quickly by relying
  on slave labor on plantation farms

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