Sec. 1.3 France and England in the New World

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Sec. 1.3 France and England in the New World
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Questions

• 1. Most of the settlers in the French colonies
  were __________traders.
• 2. Englands first colony in 1607 was called
  _____________
• 3. What geographical feature prevented the
  English colonies from expanding westward?

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Answers

• 1. Fur particular Beaver Pelts
• Jamestown
• Appalachian Mountains

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Vocab.

• Joint-Stock Colony A colony set up and owned by
  a group of investors with the purpose of making a
  profit.
• Royal Colony Colony owned/financed and protected
  by the King. (ex. Maryland)

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Vocab.

• Proprietary Colony Colony owned by a private
  individual or private company. (ex. Pennsylvania)
• Plymouth Colony A colony founded for religious
  freedom by Puritan settlers from England.

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Vocab.

• Columbian Exchange The Transfer of plants,
  animals, germs, and ideas between the Old World
  (Europe Asia) and the New World (North South
  America).
• Examples Horses, Smallpox, Turkeys, Tobacco,
  Mercantilism, Democracy.

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French Indian War

• War in 1754 between Great Britain (England) and
  France over the land in North America.
• The French and Indian War is the French Indians
  versus England. The French Indians are on the
  same side, not against each other. Together they
  are fighting the English (Great Britain).
• Great Britain (England Wins!)

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French Fur Trading
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Following Spain

• During the 16th century, Spain became rich from
  the gold it took from its colony, New Spain.
• Soon France and England became interested in
  establishing colonies.

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France

• Just like Spain, France also had aspirations to
  sail west to the New World to create colonies.
• Jacques Cartier reached the eastern side of what
  is today Canada.
• He claimed the region for France and it became
  the base of Frances colonial Empire known as New
  France

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• France also explored and colonized the areas
  around the Great Lakes, and upper Mississippi.
• Later they also established a colony in the lower
  Mississippi region, naming it Louisiana after the
  French King, Louis XIV.
• The main economic activity of the French colonies
  was not gold, like the Spanish, but the fur
  trade.
• During the 1500s the hottest fashion in Europe
  was Beaver fur hats.

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• The French made a fortune off the Fur Trade.
• Fur was rare in Europe and very expensive.
• The French were only interested in colonies to
  make money, not to expand territory.

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Video of France
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Frances Explorers

• da Verrazano- NC to Newfoundland
• Cartier- St. Lawrence River

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England

• Soon the English would also become involved in
  the New World.
• A group of London investors were granted a
  charter (written permission) from King James in
  1606 to sail to America and build a colony.
• The group would make the 4 month voyage and land
  in what is today Virginia.

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Englands Big Man

• Cabot- Newfoundland

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• The settlement was named Jamestown after the King
  of England. The main goal of the people in the
  colony was to make money.
• Their first activity was to look for gold. This
  took up time that should have been spent planting
  crops.
• During the first few years, 7 out of every 10
  colonist died of hunger, disease, or fighting
  with the Native Americans.
• Even though times were hard, eventually, the
  colony became the English foothold in America.

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Plymouth Colony

• At the same time Jamestown was being established,
  another group from England, the Pilgrims founded
  another English colony in Plymouth,
  Massachusetts.
• Unlike the investors that founded Jamestown, the
  Puritans wanted a place to worship freely and
  escape the Anglican Church of England.

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• The colony of Jamestown had been about making
  money. The Puritans had a goal of establishing a
  Christian colony that would be a model to the
  rest of the world.

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Colonies Grow

• By 1750, 1.3 million English settlers lived in 13
  colonies along the Atlantic coast of North
  America.
• The English pushed all of the Dutch out of the
  New World. (ex. New Amsterdam changing to New
  York)
• The French focused on the northern section of the
  continent and the Midwestern region.

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Impact on Native Americans

• The effects of colonization on the Native
  American Indians was disastrous.
• The French got along better with Native Americans
  because they were involved in the fur trade.
• The English wanted to populate the colonial land
  that they had claimed. They fought Native
  Americans over land.

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Fighting for North America

• As the colonies of England and France grew, they
  challenged each other over control of North
  America.
• In 1754 the French and English clash over land in
  the New World in the French and Indian War.
  (paraphrase)
• The English defeated the French and claimed most
  of their land.

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• In 1763 the British colonist, with help from the
  British Army, defeat the French and took most of
  the land in the New World.

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English vs. French Colonies

• Grew Tobacco Fur Traders
• Fought against the Allied with
• Native Americans Natives
• Fast growing Slow
  growing
• settlements
  settlements
• Small amount of land Large amount of
  land
• Gave people a voice in Ruled by King
  Louis
• government XIV (14)

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Jamestown
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The Caribbean

• Both the English and the French established
  colonies on the Caribbean islands.
• These islands were used to grow tobacco and sugar
  on plantations.
• These products brought huge profits to France and
  England, however, they required a large labor
  force. Eventually, the need for this labor would
  lead to the enslavement of Africans, and the
  Atlantic Slave Trade.