Nationalist Revolutions Sweep the West

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Nationalist Revolutions Sweep the West

• Chapter 8

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Review

• Ideas and effects of the Enlightenment, American
  Rev and French Rev
• Recall Latin American society
• peninsulars, creoles, mestizos, mulattos, slaves

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Overview/Intro

• Most independence movements in LA will be led
  by CREOLES
• Why??

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South America

• Simon Bolivar - north
• (Jose de San Martin) - south

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Brazil

• Recall Napoleon and Penisular War
• Rio de Janiero capital for 14 years
• Bloodless revolution

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Mexico

• Padre Miguel Hidalgo
• 1810 Begins rebellion against Spain
• Cry of Dolores
• Actual independence - 1821

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On to Europe!

• Recall the goals of the Congress of Vienna
• Successes vs. failures
• Three political philosophies emerge
• Conservative
• Liberal
• Radical
• Nationalism emerges

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Nationalism

• Can break apart empires
• Can unite
• Can create new nation-states

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1848

• Wave of attempted revolutions
• Results?
• Failed to united people
• Little structural change
• So whats the big deal?

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Italy

• Camillo di Cavour
• Prime Minister of Sardinia
• 1859 with Napoleon III, defeated Austria
• Unified northern Italian states
• Giuseppe Garibaldi
• S. Italian revolutionary
• Agreed on unifying with Cavours unification

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Germany

• (Wilhelm I King of Prussia)
• Otto von Bismarck PM
• Unification
• S. states hold out why?
• Franco-Prussian War
• Wilhelm crowned kaiser of the Second Reich

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Artistic Movements of the late 1800s

• Romanticism
• Realism
• Impressionism

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Romanticism

• Shift from reason to emotion
• Main ideas/focal points
• Emotions and thoughts of the individual
• Mysterious, supernatural, exotic
• Beauty of untamed nature
• Valued common people
• Encouraged democracy

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Realism

• Emphasis on tough conditions for the poor of
  Industrial Rev
• Photography

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Impressionism

• Reaction to Realism in France
• Monet, Degas, Renoir

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