DNA ? RNA ? Protein

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DNA ? RNA ? Protein
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Three Types of RNA

• mRNA messenger carries information from the
  nucleus to the cytoplasm.
• rRNA ribosomal - makes ribosomes
• tRNA transfer transfers amino acids.

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Translation (RNA ? Protein)

• Information on the RNA codes for the production
  of proteins.
• Proteins are polymers of amino acids.
• Each group of 3 nucleotides on the mRNA strand is
  called a codon.
• Each CODON codes for one amino acid.

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The Genetic Code

• 64 possible codon combinations that code for
  amino acids
• 20 main amino acids
• Some amino acids have multiple codons
• There are also 3 stop codons

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(No Transcript)
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Translation (RNA ? Protein)

• The process of making a protein
• All 3 types of RNA used in Translation - protein
  synthesis
• mRNA - carries instructions- CODONS
• tRNA - carries Amino Acid ANTICODONS
• rRNA makes the protein (ribosome)

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Translation (RNA ? Protein)

• Each AA (amino acid) has own anti-codon
• tRNA brings correct AA to match codon
• Ribosome attaches to mRNA
• Start codon begins translation usually it is
  AUG (methionine)

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Translation (RNA ? Protein)

• When tRNA brings AA - Ribosome adds AA to chain
• Proteins are made one AA at a time
• Reaches a stop codon - ribosome releases
  polypeptide chain mRNA