Epithelial,Connective,Muscle and Nervous Tissues

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Epithelial,Connective,Muscle and Nervous Tissues
Chapter 5 in your textbook
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What are tissues?

• First, what are the levels of organization?

Atoms- Molecules- Cells- Tissues- Organs- Organ
systems- Whole organism!!
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So using the levels of organization, tissues are
made up of what?

• CORRECT.. CELLS!!!

All tissues are, are a bunch of the same type of
cells together!
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4 Different Types of Tissues

• Does anybody know any of the four?
• 1. Epithelial Tissue
• 2. Connective Tissue
• 3. Muscle Tissue
• 4. Nervous Tissue

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General Epithelial Tissues

• They are found throughout the body covering
  organs and forming inner linings of body cavities
  .
• They are connected to Connective Tissues by the
  basement membrane.
• They lack blood vessels.
• IF they do not have blood vessels how do you
  think they receive nutrients?

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General Epithelial Tissues

1. They divide rapidly.
2. They are tightly packed together.
3. They are classified according to their layers of
   cells.

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General Epithelial Tissues

• How do you think the characteristics we just
  listed relate to what epithelial tissues do?
• They divide rapidly- how does that help the body?
  
• Injuries can heal rapidly
• to these tissues, skin and
• stomach cells are continually
• damaged and replaced
• quickly.

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General Epithelial Tissues

• They are tightly
• packed- how does
• this help the cell?
• They form protective barriers in places like the
  outer skin, and your mouth.

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TYPES OF EPITHELIAL CELLS Classified by layers

• Simple composed of a single layer of cells.
• Stratified those with two or more layers of
  cells.
• Squamous Flattened cells.
• Cuboidal Those with cubed shaped cells.
• Columnar Elongated cells.

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Some examples of what Epithelial cells may look
like
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Some examples of what Epithelial cells may look
like
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Some examples of what Epithelial cells may look
like
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Some examples of what Epithelial cells may look
like
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Where can Epithelial tissues be found?
Some are found lining the lungs and help exchange
oxygen and carbon dioxide. Some line the
kidneys and glands in the body (ie sweat gland)
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Where can Epithelial tissues be found?

• Others are found in the skin as a tough layer.
• Still others are found in the respiratory organs,
  reproductive organs and bladder or uterus.

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STOP Tissue Practice1. Tissue worksheet
practice QUITELY!!2. Epithelial tissue
microscope lab and practice.
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Connective Tissues

• Different types
• Loose Connective Tissue
• Adipose Tissue (fat tissue)
• Dense Connective Tissue
• Blood
• Bone
• Cartilage

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• 1. Loose Connective Tissue
• 2. Adipose Tissue (fat tissue)
• 3. Dense Connective Tissue

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General Characteristics of Connective Tissues

• Binds structures (Connects structures tendons
  and ligaments)
• Provides support and protection
• Gives nutrients to epithelial tissues

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General Characteristics of Connective Tissues

• Fill spaces (takes up space)
• Stores fat
• Produce blood cells
• Protect against infections
• Help repair tissue damage

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General Functions of Connective Tissues

• They divide easily.
• Have a large blood supply and are well nourished.
  (this is where epithelial cells receive blood and
  nutrients).

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General Functions of Connective Tissues

• Connected to epithelial cells.
• Some have a fixed number of cells and some are
  temporary and appear when needed in response to
  injury or infection.

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Some examples of what Connective tissues look
like
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Some examples of what Connective tissues look
like
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Some examples of what Connective tissues look
like
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Some examples of what Connective tissues look
like
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Where can you find Connective Tissue?

• Underneath epithelial cells
• The space between cells and organs
• Fat tissue can be anywhere- on the surface of
  organs, under skin, around the eyes and cushions
  joints.
• Ligaments and tendons
• Blood
• Bone

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STOP Connective Tissues ActivitiesFlip chart
of all tissues!WorksheetMicroscope lab of
connective tissues
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Muscle Tissues

• Three types of muscle tissues
• 1. Skeletal Muscle tissue
• 2. Smooth Muscle tissue
• 3. Cardiac Muscle tissue
• Characteristics
• They are contractile- the elongated cells can
  shorten and lengthen.
• As the contract, muscle fibers pull at the
  attached end causing body parts to move.

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Cardiac Muscle

• What is Cardiac Muscle?
• Where would you find it?
• What is its function?

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Cardiac Muscle

• What is it?
• Cells are striated and
• joined end to end.
• One nuclei
• Where do you find it?
• Only in the heart
• What is its function?
• Involuntary (works without you knowing or
  thinking)
• Pumps blood through the heart chambers and into
  blood vessels.

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Skeletal Muscle

• What is Skeletal Muscle?
• Where would you find it?
• What is its function?

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Skeletal Muscle

• What is it?
• Voluntary muscle (controlled by conscious effort)
• Lots of nuclei in each cell
• Where is it?
• Found in
• muscles that
• attach bone.

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Skeletal Muscle

• What is its function?
• Nerves stimulate the muscle fiber to contract and
  relax
• This helps us move our head, trunk, and limbs.
• Enable us to make facial expressions, write,
  talk, sing, chew, breath and so forth!

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Smooth Muscle

• What is Smooth Muscle?
• Where would you find it?
• What is its function?

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Smooth Muscle

• What is it?
• No striations
• Short and spindle shaped, with single central
  nucleus
• Involuntary actions
• Where is it?
• The walls of
• organs (stomach,
• intestine, bladder,
• blood vessels)

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Nervous tissue

• What is Nervous tissue?
• Where would you find it?
• What is its function?

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Nervous Tissue

• What is it?
• Made up of cells of neurons- which sense changes
  in their surroundings
• Where is it?
• The brain, spinal cord and peripheral nerves.

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Nervous Tissue

• What is the function?
• Transmit nerve impulses to other neurons, muscles
  or glands.
• They communicate with other cells and muscles and
  tell body functions what to do.