Power System Components

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Power System Components

• Generation
• Generating unit power plants
• Thermal, hydro, wind, diesel, etc
• Transmission
• Transmission lines
• Transformers
• Shunt/series compensator
• Distribution
• Substation load, demand
• Distribution feeders

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Power System Layout
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Classical Power Plants

• Thermal power plants
• Gas turbines / Steam turbines
• Coal-fired / Natural gas / Diesel
• Nuclear power
• Hydro power plants
• Hydraulic turbines
• High head, low head, pump storage

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Coal-fired power station
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Natural-gas power station
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Gas turbine power plant
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Diesel power station
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Diesel power station
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Diesel power station
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Hydro-electric power plants
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Hydro-electric power plants
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Hydro-electric power plants
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Nuclear power plant
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Nuclear power plant
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Nuclear power plant
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Nuclear power plant
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Nuclear power plant
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Power Plants of Alternative Energy

• Geothermal
• Biomass
• Small-scale hydro dam
• Solar panels
• Solar collectors
• Wind
• Ocean power Wave energy, Tidal energy
• Satellite Power Station

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Geothermal power station
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Geothermal power station
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Ocean power station
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Solar power
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Photovoltaic power plant
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Solar Collectors
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Solar power plant
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Wind powers
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Wind power plant
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Future Trend
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Generating Units (????????)

• Synchronous Generators (SG)
• Excitation Systems (ES)
• Automatic Voltage Regulators (AVR)
• Turbines (T)
• Governing Systems (GS)

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Generating unit
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Block diagram of a generating unit
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Structure of a Generating Unit
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Boiler
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Steam Turbine
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Steam Turbine
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Steam turbine
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Inside a generator
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Synchronous Generators

• High-speed generators steam/gas turbines
• So-called Turbo-generator
• Low diameter
• Large axial length
• Horizontally mounted
• 2 poles gt 3000 rpm (50 Hz)
• 4 poles gt 1500 rpm (50 Hz)

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Turbo-generator (stator)
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Turbo-generator (rotor)
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Synchronous generators

• Low-speed generators hydraulic turbines
• Large diameter
• Short axial length
• Large number of poles
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Hydraulic-turbine generator (stator)
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Hydraulic-turbine generator (rotor)
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Synch Gen Windings

• Armature Winding gt Stator
• Field Winding gt Rotor
• Amortisseur/damper
• Short-circuit winding
• Rotor

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Excitation Systems
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Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR)
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Simplified Model for AVR
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Turbines Prime Movers
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Governing System (GS)
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Control Block Diagram of GS
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Generating unit with AVR GS
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MATLAB SIMULINK MODEL
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• Electric Power Plant
• Generating Unit
• Control System for a Generating Plant