Robotics

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Robotics

• Where AI meets the real world.

Ankit Jainwww.AnkitJain.info
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What is a Robot ?

• A re-programmable, multifunctional manipulator
  designed to movematerial, parts, tools, or
  specialized devices through various
  programmedmotions for the performance of a
  variety of tasks.

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A robot must have the following essential
characteristics

• Mobility It possesses some form of mobility.
• Programmability implying computational or
  symbol- manipulative capabilities that a designer
  can combine as desired (a robot is a computer).
  It can be programmed to accomplish a large
  variety of tasks. After being programmed, it
  operates automatically.
• Sensors on or around the device that are able to
  sense the environment and give useful feedback to
  the device
• Mechanical capability enabling it to act on its
  environment rather than merely function as a data
  processing or computational device (a robot is a
  machine) and
• Flexibility it can operate using a range of
  programs and manipulates and transport materials
  in a variety of ways.

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Isaac Asimov's Three Laws of Robotics

• Law Zero A robot may not injure humanity, or,
  through inaction, allow humanity to come to harm.
• First Law A robot may not injure a human being,
  or, through inaction, allow a human being to come
  to harm.
• Second Law A robot must obey orders given it by
  human beings, except where such orders would
  conflict with the First Law.
• Third Law A robot must protect its own existence
  as long as such protection does not conflict with
  the First or Second Law.

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Construction Working of the Robot

• Mechanical platforms- the hardware base
  SensorsMotorsDriving mechanismsPower
  suppliesElectronic ControlsMicrocontroller
  systemsLanguagesR/C ServosPneumaticsDriving
  High-Current Loads from LogicControllers

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Sensors

• Sensors are the parts that act like senses
  and can detect objects or things like heat and
  light and convert the object information into
  symbols or in analog or digital form so that
  computers understand. And then Robots react
  according to information provided by the sensory
  system

Vision Sensor Proximity Sensors Proprioceptive
Sensors Logical Sensors
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Vision Sensor
Proximity sensors

• Camera
• Frame grabber
• Image processing unit

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Other devices

• Motors
• Driving mechanisms
• Power supplies
• Driving High-Current Loads from Logic

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Microcontroller systems
Languages

• Speed
• Size
• Memory

• RoboML (Robotic Markup Language)
• ROSSUM
• XRCL(Extensible Robot Control Language)

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A robot system architecture
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Artificial Intelligence

• What is artificial intelligence?It is the
  science and engineering of making intelligent
  machines, especially intelligent computer
  programs
• Can a machine think?

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Appling Robots
Safety Animatronics systems Industrial
robots Space
Robot Ants, James McLurkin invented micro robots
that work together as a community.
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Future

• Artificial neural networks
• Robots which train themselves

Nothing can be predicted about future.
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Summary
Nothing is totally impossible. Perhaps one day we
will be able to produce robots that are
practically indistinguishablefrom ourselves.

• Advantages
• Disadvantages
• Where gone Asimovs law?

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Acknowledgement

• Thanks to all of my respected teachers
  for allowing me to represent an article on
  Robotics. I thank to the Internet Faculty of our
  college for providing access to Internet for
  searching data. Thanks to my parents for
  providing me a Personal Computer.