Floor-Plan Symbols

1
Chapter 14

• Floor-Plan Symbols

2
Links for Chapter 14
Walls and Partitions
Stairs
Doors and Windows
Fireplaces
Cabinets and Fixtures
Other Floor Plan Symbols
3
Introduction

• Symbols are used on floor plans to describe items
  that are associated with the home
• Floor plan should be easy to read and uncluttered
• See figure 14.2

4
Wall Symbols

• With CADD, walls are drawn to the exact thickness
• Studs are vertical construction members used for
  framing walls
• A 2 X 4 is actually 1 1/2 x 3 1/2
• A 2 X 6 is actually 1 1/2 x 5 1/2

5
Walls and Partitions

• Draw exterior wood walls 6
• Draw exterior masonry walls with an additional 5
  for a total of 9 1/2
• Draw partitions (interior walls) 4 thick
• The soil stack wall should be drawn 8 the soil
  stack is a vertical soil pipe carrying the
  discharge from the toilet fixture

6
Walls and Partitions

• What is drywall?
• What is gypsum?
• Masonry veneer used on interior walls

7
Walls and Partitions
8
Wall and Partitions

• Walls are shaded so they stand out from the rest
  of the drawing
• This is referred to as poché, is commonly done on
  the back of the drawing to avoid smudging and
  should be done last
• Wall shading should be the last drafting task
  performed

9
Wall and Partitions

• Partial walls are at least 36 above the floor
  and defined with a note
• Guardrails are noted and at least 36 tall with
  no more than 4 between rails

10
Door Symbols

• Exterior doors are drawn with sill on the outside
  about 1/16 away
• Main door is usually 3-0
• Other exterior doors are 2-8
• Most doors are 6-8 tall

11
Door Symbols

• Interior doors are drawn without a sill
• Utility rooms 2-8
• Bathrooms 2-4 to 2-6
• Other rooms 2-6 to 28
• Closets 2-0 to 2-4

12
Door Symbols

• ADA specifies that all doors be 36 wide
• Pocket doors slide into the wall and require no
  swing
• Bipass door is used on a closet and one door
  slides behind the other

13
Door Symbols

• Bifold doors are used for a closet and open
  independently
• Double-entry or French doors is for a formal
  entryway

14
Door Symbols

• Glass sliding doors save floor space and are for
  a more contemporary house
• Double-acting doors are between a kitchen and
  eating area

15
Door Symbols

• Dutch doors open at the top and the bottom
• Accordion doors are used for a closet

16
Door Symbols

• Garage doors range from 8-0 to 180 wide and
  7-0 high
• The open position is shown as dashed lines

17
Window Symbols

• The sill is drawn on both the inside and outside
  of the window
• Windows range in size from 2-0 to 12-0 at
  intervals of 6
• Size of the window depends on its purpose and if
  it should open or not

18
Window Symbols

• Casement windows are able to be opened 100

19
Window Symbols

• Pictorial windows have two windows that slide
  vertically

20
Window Symbols

• Awning windows are used in basements or below a
  fixed window

21
Window Symbols

• Fixed windows are larger and do not open or close

22
Window Symbols

• Bay windows extend beyond the wall and can extend
  from the floor to the ceiling or contain a bench

23
Window Symbols

• Garden windows are usually in a kitchen or
  utility room
• Skylights add natural light and are drawn with
  dashed lines on the floor plan

24
Schedules

• Schedules are used to describe items on the floor
  plan and include
• Manufacturer
• Product name and model number
• Type and color
• Quantity and size
• Rough opening

25
Schedules
26
Kitchens
27
Bathrooms
28
Utility Rooms
29
Wardrobe Closets
30
Stairs
31
Stairs

• Minimum stair width is 36
• Tread depth should be 10 to 12
• Risers range between 4 and 7 1/4
• Stair angle should be between 30 and 35
• Landings should be equal to the width of the
  stairs

32
Stairs

• Clear height of 6-8 is the minimum amount of
  headroom
• Handrail should be between 34 and 36 above the
  stair nosing
• Guardrails should be at least 36 and have
  openings no greater than 4

33
Stair Design Formulas

• 2R T 24-25
• R T 17-17 1/2
• R X T 70 to 75
• R Riser dimension
• T Tread dimension

34
Stair Floor Plan

• DN Down, UP Up, R Risers
• Rise is one tread and Run is one riser
• Always one less run than rise
• Stair length tread length X number or runs
• Landings are at least 36 x 36

35
Stair Floor Plan
36
Fireplaces
37
Fireplaces

• Opening Opening Unit
• Width Height Depth
• 36 24 22
• 40 27 22
• 48 30 25
• 60 33 25

38
Fireplaces

• Steel fireplaces are prefabricated and circulate
  air into the room
• Vent-free gas fireplaces use ceramic logs to
  increase efficiency without mess and labor
• A cleanout is a small door in the floor that
  allows ashes to be dumped into a hollow cavity.

39
Solid Fuel-Burning Appliances
40
Solid Fuel-Burning Appliances

• Combustible floors must be protected
• Walls must be adequately protected with a 7
  airspace
• A screened closable vent must be installed within
  24 of the appliance
• A catalytic converter may need to be installed if
  there are pollution requirements

41
Other Floor Plan Symbols

• Hose Bibb - Outdoor water faucet
• Concrete Slab - Used for garage floor, patio, and
  driveways

42
Other Floor Plan Symbols

• Attic and Crawl Spaces - Access can be placed in
  a closet or hallway
• Floor Drains - Used to accumulate water on a floor

43
Other Floor Plan Symbols

• Cross-Section Symbols - Shows the location on the
  floor plan where a cross-section is taken