Assesment of of CO2 EOR

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Assesment of of CO2 EOR Sequestration
Potential in Gulf Coast Reservoirs
Mark H. Holtz, Vanessa Núñez López, and Caroline
L. Breton
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Objectives

• To develop a comprehensive data base for the Gulf
  Coast.
• To apply our screening criteria to determine
  miscible CO2 EOR resource potential and CO2
  sequestration in the Gulf Coast.
• To determine the geologic distribution of CO2 EOR
  potential in Gulf Coast oil reservoirs.

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Current and Previous CO2 Pilots and Floods
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Methodology

• Sources of Data
• Texas Atlas of Major Texas Oil Reservoirs,
  Atlas of Major Texas Gas Reservoirs, Railroad
  Commission of Texas, others
• Louisiana and Mississippi TORIS database,
  others
• Alabama Alabama Geologic Survey, others

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Decision Tree for Screening Candidate Reservoirs
QAc4748x
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Decision Flow Path for Play Determination
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Recovery Efficiency of Sandstone Reservoirs from
Enhanced Oil Recovery Projects (1980s)
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Single well huff n puff
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14.5 , Paradis, LA, Texaco
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Frequency
17, Little Creek, MS, Denbury (2004)
Quarantine Bay, LA, Chevron
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2
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6
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8
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6
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Q
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7
c
Recovery efficiency (percent)
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Reservoir Screening for Candidate CO2-EOR Flood
Potential

• Texas
• Oil reservoir database developed for Texas total
  of 3,266 reservoirs.
• Applied screening criteria for 21 Texas Gulf
  Coast counties and 33 North-Central and East
  Texas counties.
• 360 candidates screened in Texas Gulf Coast 274
  candidates screened in North-Central and East
  Texas counties.
• Louisiana
• DOE TORIS database utilized to screen 122
  candidates.
• Continued work with LA Geological Survey as part
  of DOE SE Regional Partnership.
• Mississippi
• DOE TORIS database utilized to screen 11
  candidates.
• Current floods (Little Creek Mallalieu, West)
  located.
• Continued work with Mississippi as part of DOE SE
  Regional Partnership.

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Estimation of Minimum Miscibility Pressure, (MMP)

• Non-linear regression for the molecular weight of
  the C5

• Non-linear Multiple Regression for the Minimum
  Miscibility Pressure, (MMP)

Where MW Molecular weight of the C5 fraction
of the oil
T Reservoir temperature (F)
Temperature gradient linear regression used for
the Frio Plays 5, 6, 7, and 10
Temp (0.015)Depth(ft) 77.45
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Storage Calculations

• Quick Look (spreadsheet) Storage Potential
• (Based on Cumulative Production (Np))
• Gulf Coast Rules of Thumb

Formation Volume factors
50 recovery factor (variable)
15 recovery factor
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Areas with Miscible CO2 EOR Potential
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Candidate Reservoir Geologic Plays Distribution
South East Texas
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Candidate Reservoir Geologic Plays Distribution
South East Texas
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Miscible CO2 EOR resource potential in the Gulf
Coast
By State
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CO2 Sequestration capacity in miscible oil
reservoirs along the Gulf Coast
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Summary

• Screening process identified all current and
  pilot reservoirs on the Gulf Coast.
• All sizes of companies are beginning to
  capitalize on CO2 EOR.
• Oil price and cost incentives are merging to form
  strong market conditions.
• Pending legislation likely to influence market
  environment.

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Thanks to Our GCCC Industry Partners

NRG
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(No Transcript)
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Technical Advances since the 1980s

• 3D seismic for delineating fault blocks
• Directional drilling for placing wells
• Reservoir characterization for designing flood
• Improved knowledge of CO2 flooding

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Outline

• Objectives
• Methodology
• Database
• Screening Criteria
• Minimum Miscibility Pressure
• Storage Calculations
• Results
• Summary

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Methodology
DECISION TREE FOR SCREENING CANDIDATE RESERVOIRS
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Function for Obtaining Oil C5 Molecular weight

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Recovery Efficiencies of Gulf Coast Sandstone CO2
EOR Pilots
Company Reservoir Flood type Recovery factor ( of OOIP)
Texaco Paradis Miscible Gravity Stable 15
Gulf/Chevron Quarantine Bay WAG 17
Chevron Timbalier Bay Gravity stable 23
Shell Weeks Island S Reservoir Gravity Stable 15
Denbury Little Creek Miscible CO2 17
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Screening Criteria

• Temperature gradient linear regression used for
  the Frio Plays 5, 6, 7, and 10
• Non-linear regression for the molecular weight of
  the C5

Temp (0.015)Depth(ft) 77.45
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Estimating CO2 Minimum Miscible Pressure
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CO2 EOR Resource Potential in Texas
By Depositional System
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Sequestration Potential in Texas
By Depositional System
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Usage Potential in the Gulf Coast
By Depositional System