Invaders, Traders, and Empire Builders

1
Invaders, Traders, and Empire Builders
2
Sargon
3
Hammurabi
4

• 2300 B.C. Sargon invaded and conquered Sumer
• Developed the 1st empire in known history
• Appointed local rulers to oversee the land
• In 1790 B.C. King Hammurabi of Babylon brought
  much of Mesopotamia under his rule
• Hammurabis Code system of laws
• 1st attempt by a ruler to codify, or arrange a
  set of laws for a state
• Mainly protected women and slaves

5

• Establishing Civil Law
• Deals with private rights and matters( business
  contracts, inheritance, taxes)
• Criminal Law
• Hammurabi's Code also dealt with crimes like
  robbery, murder, and assault
• Limited personal revenge and encouraged social
  order

6
Hittites extracting iron ore
7
Conquest Brings New Empires and Ideas

• Hittites
• Figured out how to extract iron from ore
• This new technology spread to Asia, Africa, and
  Europe and started the Iron Age
• Assyrian Warriors
• Empire began in 1350 BC and by 1100 BC it spread
  it into Mesopotamia
• Assyrian leaders used riches from war and trade
  to pay for well planned cities
• Set the rules for the royal family
• Founded one of the 1st libraries

8

• King Nebuchadnezzar
• Rebuilt Babylon
• Put in a moat and 85 ft. thick walls
• Hanging Gardens
• One of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World
• Supposedly built for his wife

9
(No Transcript)
10
The Persians Establish a Huge Empire

• In 539 BC Nebuchadnezzars empire fell to the
  Cyrus the Great
• Persian kings accepted the customs of the people
  they conquered
• Darius I
• Unified the Persian Empire
• Divided the empire into provinces led by a
  governor
• Setup a standard system of weights and measures
• Encouraged a money economy thru coin usage, yet
  most people still bartered, or traded goods and
  services

11
(No Transcript)
12

• Zoroaster
• Rejected the old Persian gods and believed in a
  single deity named Ahura Mazda who was in
  constant battle with Ahriman, the king of evil
• Also stressed the idea of heaven and hell

13
(No Transcript)
14
Contributions of Phoenician Sea Traders

• Phoenicians
• Were sailors and traders
• Made glass from sand
• Set up colonies- a territory settled and ran by a
  foreign ruler
• Carriers of Civilization
• Developed an alphabet like our own

15
Phoenician boat