Key Lesson Questions: Swingers

1
Key Lesson Questions Swingers

• 1. How do variables affect the outcome of an
  investigation?
• 2. Why is it important to change only one
  variable?
• 3. How can variables be graphed to show
  relationships?

2
Essential Question Variables Investigation 1-
part 1Swingers Exploring Swingers

• What is a pendulum?
• What variables might affect the number of cycles
  the pendulum makes in 15 seconds?
• Changes or VARIABLES that can be made to the
  system are
• Mass or number of pennies
• Release position
• Length of string

3
Standard Pendulum System

• 38 cm. long string, 1 penny, 1, paper clip, tape,
  released straight out to the side, and a 15
  second swing.

4
Word Bank

• Pendulum
• Cycle
• Variable

5
Content/Inquiry

• A mass hanging from a fixed point that is free to
  swing to and fro is called a pendulum.
• A cycle is any motion or activity that repeats
  itself.
• A variable is anything that you can change in an
  experiment that might affect the outcome.

6
Science Stories What Scientists Do?

• What are the steps involved in scientific
  inquiry?
• What is a variable?
• What is important to remember when you conduct a
  controlled experiment?
• What do scientists do if their experiment does
  not confirm their hypothesis?
• What instruments help scientists see things they
  could not normally see?
• Is there another way to study the world other
  than doing controlled experiments?

7
Essential Question Variables Investigation 1-
part 2Swingers Testing Variables

• Does changing the mass, length, or release
  positions of a pendulum change how quickly it
  swings?
• What can graphs tell us about results?

8
Word Bank

• Experiment
• Controlled Experiment
• Standard

9
Content/Inquiry

• An experiment is an investigation designed to
  find out how variables affect outcomes.
• An experiment in which one variable is changed
  and the outcome is compared to a standard is a
  controlled experiment.
• A standard is the basic procedure used in a
  controlled experiment, before changing any of the
  variables.

10
Relationship

• The longer the pendulum, the fewer the swings.
• The shorter the pendulum, the greater the swings.
• The greater the number of swings, the shorter the
  pendulum.
• The fewer the number of swings, the longer the
  pendulum.

11
Period 4 Class Data

• Length No. of Swings (Cycles)
• 13 cm. 21
• 15 20
• 17 19
• 18 18
• 20 17
• 22 16
• 25 15
• 29 14
• 33 13
• 45 11
• 55 10
• 70 9
• 90 8
• 120 7
• 170 6
• 200 5

12
Period 5 Class Data

• Length No. of Swings (Cycles)
• 13 cm. 22
• 15 21
• 17 20
• 18 19
• 20 18
• 22 17
• 25 16
• 29 15
• 33 13
• 45 12
• 55 11
• 70 10
• 90 8
• 120 7
• 170 6
• 200 5

13
Period 6 Class Data

• Length No. of Swings (Cycles)
• 13 cm. 22
• 15 20
• 17 19
• 18 18
• 20 17
• 22 16
• 25 15
• 29 14
• 33 13
• 45 12
• 55 11
• 70 10
• 90 8
• 120 7
• 170 6
• 200 5

14
Period 7 Class Data

• Length No. of Swings (Cycles)
• 13 cm. 22
• 15 21
• 17 20
• 18 18
• 20 17
• 22 16
• 25 15
• 29 14
• 33 12
• 45 11
• 55 10
• 70 9
• 90 8
• 120 7
• 170 6
• 200 5

15
Essential Question VariablesInvestigation 1-
part 3Swingers Predicting Swings

• How can graphs be used to predict results?

16
Word Bank

• Two-coordinate graph

17
Content/Inquiry

• A two-coordinate graph shows the outcome of a
  series of experiments when a variable is changed
  by steps.

18
Science StoriesSwinging through History?

• Who was the first person to think a pendulum
  could be used as a timekeeper?
• Who was the first person to build such a
  timekeeper?
• Where are you likely to see a pendulum working?
• What variable affects the number of swings in a
  given amount of time?
• What is a controlled experiment?