Get your body system books!!

1
Get your body system books!!
2
Integumentary System
the WHAT?
That stuff! Your SKIN!
3
Review Time!

• Structure a part of the body
• Function a job to do
• Homeostasis balance in the body
• Stimulus something the body senses
• Response how the body reacts to the stimulus

yeahcant wait for the DISORDERS, too
4
1 Integumentary System Overview
Do you ever think of your skin as an organ?
Probably not very often, if ever.
But it IS an organ, and one of your largest!
Take your skin off, and youd weigh 5 to 10
pounds less, but more importantly, you wouldnt
last very long.
5
2 Integ. Sys. Overview, contd.
Your skin has a BRUTAL job. Its your only major
organ on the OUTSIDE of your body, so it has to
deal with conditions that would totally overwhelm
your heart or kidneys or any other organ.
Because of this constant attack, your skin cells
die are replaced every month!
Your integumentary system is any surface covering
for the body. Well focus on the major ones
(skin, hair, nails).
Technically, your integumentary system also deals
with the tissues that line the inside of your
organslike the lining of your throat down your
esophagus, and so forth. But well focus on your
outside skin this year.
Lets see what your skin does for ya
6
3 FUNCTIONS of the Integumentary System
1. protection from environment germs
2. regulates body temperature
3. excretes (gets rid of) wastes in sweat
4. has nerves to sense environment
5. produces vitamin D in sunlight
wow!
(vitamin D is vital in helping your bones absorb
calcium)
7
4 Functions, contd.
Those are some very important functions, eh?
Now, lets see the structures that make all these
functions happen. Theres a lotbe warned!
8
5 STRUCTURES of the Integumentary System
Your skin is the largest organ of the body. It
has a lot of important jobs, which we just saw,
and is made of two main layers

• epidermis this is the thin outer layer of
  constantly
• replaced dead cells.
• The epidermis is
• the bodys barrier
• to the outside world.

• dermis this is the
• thicker inner layer
• containing the
• following structures

9
6 Structures in the Dermis
i. sweat gland excretes waste cools body
ii. sebaceous (oil) gland. you need SOME
oil on your skin to keep it healthy.
iii. hair follicles which poke up out of the
surface of the skin
iv. blood vessels including small arteries,
veins capillaries
(are you writing these structures in the blanks
on the back of your page?)
10
7 Structures in the Dermis, contd.
v. muscles tighten skin raise hairs (to
get warmer)
vi. fat we all have a layer of fat (called
the subcutaneous layer) underneath our
dermis that insulates the body.
vii. nerves send signals to the brain,
letting it know what youre touching or is
touching you. You can sense pain, pressure,
hot, and cold.
(Ill have to draw nerves in the diagram)
11
8 Structures, contd.
Whew! Your skin is JAM-PACKED with all sorts of
stuff. You look at it from the outside, and it
looks so plain and simple. Thats on purpose.
The outside has to deal with all sorts of harsh
conditions, so its all dead skin cells, ready
to flake off.
and you know the result of all that flaking,
right?
gross.
12
9 Structures, contd.
Your hair and nails cover your body, too. Your
nails are made of a special skin-like protein
called keratin, which happens to be what your
hair is made of, too.
Your hair and nails are made of special cells
that are thick and hardened. Why can you cut,
chew, and chop them off? They are dead tissues
with no working nerves to signal pain.
13
10 DISORDERS of the Integumentary System
When we
WAIT! Skin Disorders!?!? This could get nasty! I
dont
Uh, sorry, Joe. This isnt a democracy. You
lose. But we CAN spare you from some of the more
rare and gross skin disorders that affect a few
unlucky people. For now, get ready to hit the
beach!
14
11 Disorders, contd.
Joe likes the beach. Who doesnt???
15
12 Disorders, contd.
All that playing gets tiring, so Joe lays out on
a towel for a while.
and he lays in the sun
and bakes in the sun
and roasts in the sun
and he finally gets up to go home.
He can tell he is BURNED to a near-crisp.
16
13 Disorders, contd.
The next morning, its obvious to Joe what hes
done.
His friends joke with him the whole daymaking
fun, slapping his sore back, repeating
shouldve put on your sunscreen a billion times
and after a week of soreness and peeling, Joe
will be fine again.
But Joe better not fall into a pattern of
burn/heal/burn/heal over his lifetime. All that
sunlight can really fill him with regrets later
on.
17
14 Disorders, contd.
Your skin knows more than a lot of peoples
brainsthat sunlight is RADIATION, and too much
of it can be very damaging.
In the presence of the stimulus of sunlight, your
skin responds by making extra melanin the
pigment that gives your skin its color. This
helps bounce sunlight off your skin to prevent
it from absorbing too much radiation. This is
how why you tan.
But if you overwhelm your skins ability to
SLOWLY make melanin, it will absorb a lot of
energy, burn (temporary pain), but most
importantly, could set you up for possible future
problems.
18
15 Disorders, contd.
Too many times of allowing your skin to be
damaged by the Sun can lead to a condition called
melanoma. Melanoma is a dangerous skin cancer
that could be fatal if allowed to spread to other
organs. Protect yourself! Wear sunblock. Dont
obsess over your tan. Watch your freckles
moles for any danger signs. Protect yourself!
I promise!
19
16 Disorders, contd.
What do these people have in common?
If you said that their hair follicles have
fallen out, then youre right!
Forms of Male Pattern Baldness are known
to affect some women too!
20
17 Disorders, contd.
Boy, the teenage years can be rough on the skin.
Puberty hits and pimple breakouts flare up. You
experiment with creams and medicated pads that
you get at the store, but what really works?
Everyones different, so its really hard to say,
but if nothing seems to work, you might consider
a visit to the dermatologist.
Acne is really just bacteria- infected hair
follicles. The bacteria love skin oil, and when a
sebaceous gland clogs up, theyll go crazy.
If its absolutely driving you crazy, then go see
the doc!
21
18 Review
What would happen if your Integumentary System
stopped working? Lets review the functions to
see.

• Protection from environment germs
• Joe would fry his organs in sunlight germs
  critters
• would devour his body.
• Regulates body temperature
• Joe would have a VERY hard time cooling off
  while
• exercisinghe could actually overheat hurt his
  brain.
• Excretes (gets rid of) wastes in sweat
• This wouldnt be a huge dealyou have other ways
  of
• getting rid of these wastes.
• Has nerves to sense the environment
• Joe would have no clue if he stood against a hot
  stove or sat on a
• cactus. Hed be CONSTANTLY injuring his body.
• Produces vitamin D using sunlight
• Joe would need to get his vitamin D from milk or
  foods so that his
• bones stayed strong.

22
19 Review
How does the Integumentary System help maintain
homeostasis?

• When youre hot, you sweat
• When youre cold, you get goosebumps
• When youre in sunlight, you protect yourself by
  tanning

Stimulus Response Bug crawling on you nerves
send signals, making you aware Its hot
sweating Its cold goosebumps Standing in
sunlight tanning
23
20 And Thats
The End !