SER and ESTAR

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SER and ESTAR

• to be

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SER TO BE

• When we speak English, we are constantly
  conjugating verbs.
• Conjugating means changing the form of the verb
  to fit with the subject.

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SER TO BE

• So when you want to use I as your subject and
  want to use to be as the verb, you say I am.

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SER TO BE

• In English, To Be is conjugated in this way ?
• In English, you are changing the verb each time
  depending on the subject.
• SAME WITH SPANISH! ?

  I AM     WE ARE
  YOU ARE     X  
  HE / SHE/ IT IS     THEY ARE
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SER TO BE

• First, it is important to know the subjects in
  English.

  I    We
  You     X  
  He/ she/ it     they
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SER TO BE

• Then, it is important to know the subjects in
  Spanish.

  I yo    We nosotros/nosotras
  You tú     X  
  He/ she/ you(formal) él/ ella/ Usted     ellos (they masc) they ellas (they fem) ustedes (all of you)
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To Run
I run We run
You run X
He/ she/ you(formal) runs they run
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I yo We nosotros
You tú INFORMAL X
He/ she/ you(formal) él/ ella/ Usted they ellos / ellas/ ustedes (all of you)
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SER TO BE

• Ser changes its form based on its subject.
• Remember Soy de Richboro..

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SER TO BE
Yo SOY (means I AM) Nosotros SOMOS (means WE ARE)
Tú ERES (means YOU ARE) X
él/ ella/ Usted ES (means HE IS, SHE IS, you formal ARE) ellos / ellas/ ustedes SON (means THEY (masc) ARE, THEY (fem) ARE, ALL OF YOU ARE)
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SER TO BE

• So, what does Soy de Richboro mean?
• I am from Richboro
• What does Eres de Richboro mean?
• You are from Richboro.
• What does Somos de Richboro mean?
• We are from Richboro.

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ESTAR to be

• For now, you simply need to know that SER is for
  more permanent things, and ESTAR is for things
  that change, like location and feelings.

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Práctica

• 1. I am from Pennsylvania. ____________________
  ________.
• 2.We are from Council Rock. ____________________
  ________.
• 3. Where are you from? _________________________
  ______.
• 4. Where are they from? ________________________
  ________

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Práctica

• I am from Pennsylvania.
• Yo soy de Pensilvania
• 2.We are from Council Rock.
• Nosotros somos de Council Rock.
• 3. Where are you from?
• De dónde eres tú?
• 4. Where are they from?
• De dónde son (ellos)?

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AGUAS! (careful)

• What if your subject does not specifically say
  yo, tú, él, ella, usted, nosotros, or ellos,
  ellas, ustedes?!?!?!?!
• you must consider what the subject is. For
  example, if you want to say Juan is tall, you
  must think of Juan as being He, and use the
  he form, because it is third person singular.

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AGUAS! (Careful)

• So you would say Juan es alto.
• es is the third person singular form of SER.

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AGUAS! (Careful)

• What does we mean? It means he and I or you
  and I or they and I.
• So if you ever see something like Ellos y yo or
  Tú y yo or Carla y yo, what form should you
  use? The We form!

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AGUAS! (Careful)

• So You and I are from Richboro would be Tú y yo
  somos de Richboro.
• somos is the we form of SER.

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Práctica

• Carlos _______________ tenista. (Ser)
• 2. Ellas _______________ francesas. (Ser)
• 3. El perro _______________ grande. (Ser)
• 4. Yo no _______________ marinero. (Ser)

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Práctica

• Carlos _es_ tenista. (Ser)
• 2. Ellas _ son _ francesas. (Ser)
• 3. El perro _ es _ grande. (Ser)
• 4. Yo no _ soy__ marinero. (Ser)

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1. Él ______
2. Las chicas _______
3. Nosotros _________
4. Mi madre ___________
5. Mis amigos ____________
6. Yo ___________
7. Tú _________
8. Usted ___________
9. Ustedes ____________

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1. He is ____________
2. They are (fem) _______________
3. All of you/you guys are ____________
4. She is _______________
5. We are ____________
6. John and I are _____________
7. Pedro and Amalia are ______________
8. I am _______________
9. Are you? ________________
10. You formal are ___________________

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ESTAR

• But now that you know how to conjugate SER, lets
  see how you do with ESTAR!!!

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ESTAR

• The subjects do not change.

I yo We nosotros
You tú X
He/ she/ you(formal) él/ ella/ Usted they ellos / ellas/ ustedes
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ESTAR

• However, the formation is a bit different.

Yo ESTOY Nosotros ESTAMOS
Tú ESTÁS X
Él/ ella/ Usted ESTÁ ellos / ellas/ ustedes ESTÁN
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ESTAR

• You already have heard one form of ESTAR.
• Do you remember what it is?

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ESTAR

• Oh, Sí! Cómo estás?
• That means How are you?
• Estás is the tú form, which is you,so the
  question is finding out how you are / are you.

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ESTAR
Yo ESTOY (means I am) Nosotros ESTAMOS (means we are)
Tú ESTÁS (means you are) X
él/ ella/ Usted ESTÁ (means he is, she is, you formal are) ellos / ellas/ ustedes ESTÁN (means they are masc, they are fem, all of you are
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ESTAR

• Based on the chart
• How would you say, I am fine, thanks.
• How would you say, We are fine.
• How would you say, Are you okay?
• How would you say, You are doing so-so.

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AGUAS! (careful)

• What if your subject does not specifically say
  yo, tú, él, ella, usted, nosotros, or ellos,
  ellas, ustedes?!?!?!?!
• you must consider what the subject is. For
  example, if you want to say Juan is here, you
  must think of Juan as being He, and use the
  he form, because it is third person singular.

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AGUAS! (Careful)

• So you would say Juan está aquí.
• Same thing with SER Juan es de México, because
  es is the third person singular form of SER.

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AGUAS! (Careful)

• What does we mean? It means he and I or you
  and I or they and I.
• So if you ever see something like Ellos y yo or
  Tú y yo or Carla y yo, what form should you
  use? The We form!

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AGUAS! (Careful)

• So You and I are here would be Tú y yo estamos
  aquí.
• Same thing with SER You and I are from
  Richboro would be Tú y yo somos de Richboro,
  because somos is the we form of SER.

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So then..

• What form would you use for the subject
  Gabriella?

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• él/ ella/ Usted!
• Gabriella ______(ser) bonita.

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• Gabriella es bonita.

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What about .

• Tú y yo __________(Estar) enfermos.

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• It means you and I which equals we which
  makes us go to
• ESTAMOS!
• Tú y yo estamos enfermos.

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Practiquemos!
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yo nosotros
tú X
él/ ella/ Usted ellos / ellas/ ustedes
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ESTAR

1. Él ______
2. Las chicas _______
3. Nosotros _________
4. Mi madre ___________
5. Mis amigos ____________
6. Yo ___________
7. Tú _________
8. Usted ___________
9. Ustedes ____________

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1. He is ____________
2. They are (fem) _______________
3. All of you/you guys are ____________
4. She is _______________
5. We are ____________
6. Ana and I are _____________
7. Mariana and Kike are ______________
8. I am _______________
9. Are you? ________________
10. You formal are ___________________