Performances of SPIRAL 2

1
SPIRAL 2 Physics Collaborations

• Introduction
• Performances of SPIRAL 2
• Physics of SPIRAL 2
• Fundamental Physics and Applications
• Organisation and Collaborations
• Next Actions

2
ORIGINE OF LIFE
Creation of Matter
Particle Physics
Elements
Nuclear Physics
Planets
Future RIB Facilities (SPIRAL 2, EURISOL)
Life
Chemistry
Biochemistry
3
Dimensions of Universe
Super Cluster
1050
Cluster
Galaxy
Cluster of stars
1040
Mass (kg)
1030

Planets
Stars
1020
Asteroids
Comets
1010
Home
1
Neurosciences
ADN
Cells
Radiobiology
10-10
Atoms
Atomic Solid State Physics
10-20
Nucleons Nuclei
10-30
10-30
10-20
10-10
1
1010
1020
1030
Size (m)
4

• Why SPIRAL 2 ?
• NUCLEAR PHYSICS
• Discovery of new phenomena in nuclei far from
  stability
• Understand a complex structure of atomic nucleus
• ASTROPHYSICS
• Understand origin of elements
• INTERDISCIPLINAIRY RESEARCH
• Study of materials for future fusion reactors
  like ITER and DEMO
• Atomic Physics Solid State Physics,
• New isotopes for medicine

5
The Physics case of SPIRAL 2
Heavy and Super Heavy Elements
Position of drip-lines
Equation of State Role of Isospin
NZ
rp-process
r-process path
Shell structure far from stability
SpinsShapes
Spins Shapes
Neutrons for science Atomic solid state
physics Isotope production
Haloes Structures in the Continuum
See www.ganil.fr for more
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Surprising phenomena in light nuclei
NZ
n-p pairing
Shape coxistence
Oblate
Prolate
Spherique
rp process
r process
2p radioactivity
Modification of Shells
Moleculs
4,6n?
Halos
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Nuclear Clusters Molecules
Types of nuclear molecules
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NUCLEOSYNTHESIS
r process
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Courtesy of H. Schatz
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Neutrons For Science at SPIRAL 2 nTOF - like
facility

• Cross sections measurements
• Material study for reactors

X. Ledoux
The time structure of the LINAG accelerator gives
a neutron energy resolution of 1 at only 10 m
ToF basis (500 kHz and 28µA of d)
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SPIRAL2  Physics Case coordinator G. De France

• Final Version of the document (including new
  chapters on interdisciplinary research and on the
  facility) - beginning of 2006 on

www.ganil.fr
gt 110 contributors
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Existing GANIL Accelerators
CIME Cyclotron Acceleration of RI Beams E lt 25
AMeV, 1 - 8 AMeV for FF
Direct beam line CIME-G1/G2 caves
Existing GANIL Exp. Area
Production Cave C converterUCx target ? 1014
fissions/s
Low energy RNB (DESIR)
Deuteron source 5mA
RFQ
Stable Heavy-Ion Exp. Hall
Superconducting LINAC E 14.5 AMeV for heavy
Ions A/q3 E 20 A MeV for deuterons (A/q2
ions) E 33 MeV for protons
Heavy-Ion ECR source (A/q3), 1mA
Marek Lewitowicz
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Regions of the Chart of Nuclei Accessible with
SPIRAL 2 Beams
Production of radioactive beams/targets (n,?),
(p,n) etc.
SHE
NZ IsolIn-flight
Transfermiums In-flight
Fusion reaction with n-rich beams
Fission products (with converter)
Fission products (without converter)
Deep Inelastic Reactions with RIB
High Intensity Light RIB
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• Performances

SPIRAL 2 yields after acceleration compared to
other RNB facilities (best numbers for all)
Sn isotopes
Future
Future
Intensity (pps)
Today
Today
15
Operation of GANIL with SPIRAL 2
Operation of the accelerators 66 weeks today (3
beams) 120 weeks with SPIRAL 2 (5 simultaneous
beams)
3 simultaneous beams for nucl. phys.
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European RNB Facilities - Road Map
EURISOL 1 GeV protons ISOL 100 A.MeV
FAIR fragmentation 200 to 1000 A.MeV
2015
SPIRAL 2 ISOL 1 to 20 A.MeV
MAAF ISOL 5 A.MeV
Rex ISOLDE Upgrade ISOL gt3 A.MeV
SPES ISOL 5 A.MeV
2010
Louvain ISOL 1-3 A.MeV
Rex ISOLDE ISOL 3 A.MeV
2005
SPIRAL ISOL 25 A.MeV
G S I fragmentation 1000 A.MeV
2000
Running
Projects
Under Construction
Design Study
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Conclusions of the SPIRAL 2 Workshops

• Intellectual Challenges of SPIRAL 2 and Future
  Facilities at GANIL
• W. Gelletly GANIL, 1-2/04/2004
• Neutrons for science at SPIRAL 2
• D. Ridikas, M. Heil GANIL, 13-14/12/2004
• Physics with separated low energy beams at
  SPIRAL2
• B. Blank, O. Navillat) GANIL, 4-5/07/2005
• Future prospects for high resolution gamma
  spectroscopy at GANIL
• W. Korten, B. Wadsworth) GANIL, 4-6/10/2005
• Nuclear Astrophysics with SPIRAL2 
• O. Sorlin, K.-H.Langanke) GANIL,
  17-18/10/2005
• SPIRAL2 Reactions
• Y. Blumenfeld, W. Catford)  GANIL,
  19-21/10/2005

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NEW DETECTORS FOR SPIRAL 2
Preliminary Conclusions of the SPIRAL2 Workshops

• Remark The detectors for the experiments at
  SPIRAL 2 are not included today in the SPIRAL2
  budget.
• Other sources of money (ANR, AP IN2P3, GANIL,
  International Collaborations) should be found
• Typically, for the existing detectors at GANIL
  France contributes more than 40
• Instrumentation for experiments with low energy
  beams
• Separator/Spectrometer for high intensity stable
  beams
• FAZIA - dynamics array (collaboration just formed
  officially)
• Active targets
• AGATA (Demonstrator and full array)
• Neutron array(s) (reaction studies, in-beam
  decay spectroscopy)
• Scintillator-based gamma array
• Modifications of the existing detectors
• VAMOS, TIARA, MUST2,

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Hall for research with LINAG beams
LINAG Beam
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International Collaborations Physics technique

• Collaboration NUSTAR-SPIRAL2 ?Working groups
• ISOLDE - Letter of agreement signed
• LEA with LNL Legnaro (Italy) in preparation
• LIA with RIKEN in preparation
• Poland - LEA in preparation
• Romania - MoU to be signed today
• Dubna - MoU to be signed next month
• SARAF (Israël) MoU in preparation
• BARC TIFR (Bombay) MoU in preparation
• Triumf - MoU in preparation
• Argonne MoU in preparation
• LEA Lab. Europ. Associé
• LIA Lab. Int. Associé

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Current Actions
Actions Physique SP2

• International groups on new detection systems for
  SPIRAL 2 (under construction)
• Specific SPIRAL 2 Groups
• S3 - Separator/spectrometer ( targets and
  associated detectors) for high intensity stable
  beams (convener A. Villari)
• DESIR - Europ Collaboration. For physics with low
  energy RNB from SPIRAL 2
• (spokesman B. Blank)
• Already existing European Collaborations
• EXOGAM
• AGATA
•  Active targets  (ACTAR-EURONS)
• AZ4?(FAZIA) (contacts with NUSTAR)
• Working Groups with NUSTAR
• Neutron detectors (SP2 contact person N.Orr)
• New calorimeter (SP2 contact person J.A.
  Scarpaci)
• Electronics DAQ (SP2 contact person Patricia
  Chomaz)
• Si detectors and associated electronics (SP2
  contact person L. Pollacco)
• Tracking detectors for low energy beams

22
Future Actions
Actions Physics SP2

• SPIRAL 2 Letters of Intent (LoI)
• Call for LoI - by March 2006
• LoI - content (to be discussed)
• Physics case (experiment or theory)
• Collaboration
• Methodology
• Beam, detectors etc.
• Rough schedule
• Evaluation of LoI by new SPIRAL 2 SAC - by Summer
  2006
• Detailed proposals - by Spring 2007
• MoUs on instrumentation to be signed in 2007/2008

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Future Actions
Actions Physics SP2

• Workshops
• Colloque GANIL (29/05/06-2/06/06) on SPIRAL 12
  Physics
• WS  Interdisciplinary research with SPIRAL 2 
  en 2006
• WS  Theory for the research at SPIRAL 2  en
  2007
• Proposed Common with NUSTAR
• From 2007
• Common NUSTAR/SPIRAL 2 Annual Meetings ?
• Participation in the 7th FP
• New instrument construction of infrastructures
  (SPIRAL 2 ESFRI)
• Integrated Infrastructure Initiatives (like
  EURONS)
• Research Infrastructure Actions (like EURISOL)

24
FIN
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Performances
Accelerated Beam Intensities (pps) Examples
See Final APD Report and LINAG Phase I Report on
the GANIL Web site for details
26
Beam Energies from CIME
Isotope Maximum Energy Beam Intensity
(MeV/u)
(pps) 132Sn20 6.0 2x109 132Sn21
6.7 2x109 132Sn22 7.3 1.7x109 132Sn23
8.0 1.2x109 132Sn24 8.7 4x108 132Sn25
9.4 1x108
Lower Energies
Energy range of SPIRAL2 RIB lt 30keV and 1-20
MeV/nucl.
F. Chautard
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SPIRAL2  Physics Case 

• 1. Structure of exotic nuclei the challenges
• 1.1. Masses and drip lines
• 1.2. Weakly bound halo, borromean and cluster
  system
• 1.3. Magic numbers and deformations shell
  structure far from stability
• 1.4. Creation of new elements superheavy nuclei
• 1.5. Symmetries
• 1.6. Collective excitation in unstable and weakly
  bound nuclei
• 1.7. What forces are responsible for the binding
  of nuclei?
• 2. Dynamics and thermodynamics of charge
  asymmetric nuclear matter
• 2.1. Thermodynamical aspects
• 2.2. Large amplitude motion
• 2.3. Reaction mechanisms at Fermi energies
• 3. Elements and their origin
• 3.2. Classical novae and X-ray bursts
• 3.3. The s-process nucleosynthesis
• 3.4. The r-process nucleosynthesis
• 4. Fundamental interactions searching for
  physics beyond the Standard Model
• 4.1. Nuclear structure for examining the Standard
  Model the properties of super-allowed ?-decay
• 4.2. Kinematics of ?-decay correlation
  parameters and the quest for new physics

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SPIRAL 2 LAYOUT
GANIL facility
LIRAT
Conclusions of the SPIRAL 2 Workshops
See talk of B. Blank
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Organisation of SPIRAL 2 Science(Preliminary)
Steering Committee
SPIRAL 2 Scientific Advisory Committee
Project management - Project Leader - Scientific
Coordinator ..
GANIL Management

• Int. Collaborations SP2
• (Based on LoI/Proposals/MoU)
• DESIR
• S3

• Int. Agreements
• (techn./phys.)
• MoUs
• LEA
• LIA

Ad hoc working gr. techn./phys.

• Existing Collaborations
• NUSTAR
• AGATA
• - EXOGAM
• - EURONS
• - EURISOL
• FAZIA

• SPIRAL 2 France Phys.
• Co-ordin. in the IN2P3 CEA Labs

30
Yields at SPIRAL2 Based on the PARRNe results
Production of accelerated beam in part./s
38
36
34
32
30
Z
Courtesy of F. Ibrahim
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N
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STRUCTURE OF MATTER
Electrons
Protons
Crystal of salt
Neutrons
Atoms
Nucleus
Quarks