Chapter 17-The Early Middle Ages

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Chapter 17-The Early Middle Ages

• Mrs. M. Brown

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Section 2

• After the fall of Rome, groups moved into Europe
  and divided the lands among themselves. The
  leaders of these groups called themselves kings

• The creation of kingdoms marked the beginning of
  the Middle Ages, a period lasting from 500 to
  1500. Another name for this age is the medieval
  period.

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A.D. 500 A.D. 1500 The Middle Ages

• A.D. 500
• Fall of the Roman Empire

A.D. 1500 The Renaissance
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• Christianity was the most important factor in
  Europe during this time.

• The Pope sent missionaries and monks to Europe
  to spread Christianity.

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• 1.What is the time period from A.D. 500 to A.D.
  1500 in which Christianity was the most important
  factor known as?

Middle Ages
2. What is the word that comes from Latin that
also means Middle Ages?
medieval
3. What did the Pope, missionaries, and monks
spread all over Europe?
Christianity
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• Missionaries are people who try to convert others
  to a particular religion
• Patrick was a missionary who traveled from
  Britain to Ireland to convert the people there.
• At first, the people resisted his teachings but
  eventually they accepted Christianity especially
  after Patrick performed a miracle to remove all
  of the snakes from Ireland.

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• A monk is a religious man who lived apart from
  society in isolated communities
• Communities of monks are called monasteries
  (where monks lived)
• Although monks lived in monasteries, they were
  very much a part of society.
• They acted as doctors, ran schools, and collected
  ancient writings from Greece and Rome
• They also helped spread Christian teachings into
  new areas

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• 4.What are people who try to convert others to a
  particular religion called?

missionaries
5. Who was the missionary who converted many
people in Britain and Ireland to Christianity?
Saint Patrick
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• 6. What is the name of the place where monks
  live/communities of monks?

monasteries
7. Although monks lived apart from society, what
four things did they do FOR society?
Acted as doctors Ran schools Collected ancient
writings from Greece and Rome Helped spread
Christianity to new areas
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The Franks

• In the 480s a powerful group called the Franks
  conquered Gaul (France).
• Under the rule of Clovis the Franks become
  Christian and create one of the strongest kingdom
  in Europe.
• Then in the late 700s under the leadership of
  Charlemagne, the Franks conquer most of the old
  Roman empire and begin building schools across
  Europe
• Charlemagne was a very tall man (6 4)
  and a strong Christian

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• 8. Under the rule of King _____, the Franks
  became Christians.

Clovis
9. Who was the very tall and strong Christian
king who led the Franks in conquering most of the
old Roman Empire and built schools across Europe?
Charlemagne
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Feudalism

• While Charlemagne was building his empire
  Vikings, Magyars and Muslims were invading Europe
• The Vikings were a group of seafaring people who
  invaded England and northwestern Europe
• Because of these invasions Feudalism was created
  by the Franks.
• Feudalism is the trading of loyalty for protection

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• 10.What did the invasions of the Vikings,
  Magyars, and Muslims cause to be develop?

feudalism
11. Who first created feudalism?
the Franks
12. What is feudalism?
A way of trading loyalty for protection
13. Who were the seafaring people who invaded
England and northwestern Europe?
Vikings
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Section 3

• The king owned all of the land
• Nobles were granted large areas of land for
  loyalty and support (food, soldiers, taxes)
• These large pieces of land (estates) given to a
  lord for a promise of support and loyalty were
  called manors or estates

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• Knights fought to protect the lands and gain
  their own lands from the nobles
• When a noble gave knights land and promised
  military support for the king they became Lords.
• The lands the knights earned were called fiefs.
• When the knight earned a fief, he became a
  vassal.

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• 14. What did knights receive in exchange for the
  pledge of loyalty to a lord?

a fief
15. What was a knight who promised protection for
a lord in exchange for land called?
vassal
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• 16. What did a noble become when he gave a knight
  land for protection and promised the king
  military support?

lord
17. What was the land given to a noble called?
manor or estate
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• Serfs farmed the land for protection and provided
  food and paid taxes
• Serfs were tied to the land they were not
  allowed to leave their land without the lords
  permission
• A peasant a bit more freedom but not muchthey
  usually were the more skilled workers on the
  manor
• Serfs (and peasants) received a place to stay and
  were protected from invaders in return for
  farming the lords land.

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• 18. What did serfs receive for farming a lords
  land?

A place to stay and protection from invaders
19. People who were tied to the land were called
_________
serfs
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Pages 508 509 What direction is the church from
The manor house?
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• Feudalism was first created by the Franks but
  before long this system of obligations governing
  the relationships of lords and vassals began to
  spread to other kingdoms
• In 1066 William the Conqueror decided to conquer
  England and defeated the British in 1066 at the
  Battle of Hastings.
• To reward his knights, William gave them large
  estates of land William the Conqueror brought
  feudalism to England

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• 20. Who defeated the British king in 1006 at the
  Battle of Hastings?

William the Conqueror
21. What did William the Conqueror bring to
Britain after he invaded and conquered it?
feudalism
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Women in the Middle Ages

• Regardless of their social class, women in the
  Middle Ages had to obey the wishes of their
  fathers or husbands, they ran the households, and
  noble women supervised servants they had fewer
  rights than men.
• One woman, however, had GREAT
  political power!
• Eleanor of Aquitaine married 2
  kings- France and England and
  was the mother of 2 kings!

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• After A.D. 1000 Europes population began to
  increase partly because more food was available
  due to new inventions such as a heavier plow (it
  could dig deeper into the soil and plants could
  grow better)
• Towns also began to grow because of trade.
• Trade routes began to develop
• People began to move into the cities from farms
  to earn more money.

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• 22.What woman had great political power and
  married 2 kings-France and England?

Eleanor of Aquitaine
23. What are 2 reasons why European cities began
to grow?
Many people moved into the city (increase of
population and the growth of trade
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• Your test is Thursday!
• PLEASE study!
• This is a very important historical time period!