Chapter 5 Section 3 Page 141-145

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Chapter 5 Section 3 Page 141-145

• Objectives Students will be able to explain how
  the first battle of the Revolution came to happen.

• Key Terms
• Militia group of citizen soldiers.
• Minutemen companies ready to fight at a moments
  notice.
• Loyalist those who stayed loyal to Britain.
• Patriot those fighting the British to the end.

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I. The Continental Congress1

• 1. September 1775, 55 men came to Philadelphia
  to establish a body to represent the Americans
  interest and challenge the British control.
  Georgia was not represented.

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A. Delegates to the Congress4

• 1. Massachusetts sent Samuel Adams and cousin
  John Adams a lawyer.
• 2. New York sent John Jay a lawyer.
• 3. Virginia sent Richard Henry Lee and Patrick
  Henry and George Washington.
• 4. Patrick Henry said, The distinctions between
  Virginians, and (other) New Englanders are no
  moreI am not a Virginian, but an American.1

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B. Decisions of the Congress5

1. The Congress first drafted a list of grievances.
2. They said the Acts of Parliament were laws
   against their rights.
3. Colonist rights are based on the laws of nature
   and principles of the English constitution.
4. They endorsed the Suffolk Resolution their right
   to arm themselves against the British.
5. They endorsed the militia citizens soldiers.

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II. The First Battles2

• The Spring after the congress meet.
• Colonist had started to make bullets and train
  militias into Minutemen, soldiers ready to
  fight swiftly.

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A. Britain Sends Troops3

1. The British saw the Colonist preparing for war
   and so they sent Sir Thomas Gage to Boston to
   disarm the militas.
2. Gage heard the Colonist were storing weapons at
   Concord. (located 20 miles northwest of Boston)
3. Lt. Colonel Francis Smith with 700 troops marched
   to Concord.

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B. Alerting the Colonies1

• 1. April 18, 1775 Dr. Joseph Warren was
  walking around looking for activity. He saw the
  British preparing to march out. He advised Paul
  Revere and William Dawes, leading members of the
  sons of liberty. Dawes rode to Lexington (a town
  east of Concord.) Paul rode across the country
  side shouting, The regulars are out!

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C. Fighting at Lexington and Concord2

1. At dawn the Redcoats approached Lexington. They
   met about 70 Patriots in the center of town. A
   shot was fired and in the end 8 Minutemen lay
   dead.
2. The British continued to march to Concord and
   found the gunpowder had been moved and minutemen
   were waiting at the North Bridge. The colonist
   were waiting behind the trees and killed 73
   Redcoats with 173 wounded before they got back to
   Boston.

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III. More Military Action1

• 1. May 10, 1775 The Green Mountain Boys under
  Ethan Allen and Benedict Arnold (before his
  treason act) stormed the British Fort Ticonderoga
  and they surrendered.

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A. Building Forces2

1. After the Lexington-Concord battle many Colonist
   joined the army making 20,000.
2. Many weeks passed no battles.

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B. The Battle of Bunker Hill3

• June 16, 1775 1200 Militiamen under Colonel
  William Prescott set up on Bunker Hill and
  Breeds Hill across the Harbor in Boston.
• The British crossed the Harbor and charged the
  Patriots. Prescott said, Dont fire until you
  see the whites of their eyes.
• The British won but with heavy casualties.

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C. Choosing Sides2

1. The Colonist had to choose sides. Those that
   supported the British were Loyalist.
2. Those that supported the Colonist were called
   Patriots.

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What have you Learned?

• Write a short summary comparing the Loyalist and
  Patriots. Use a double bubble diagram.

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Double Bubble

• O b O b O
• O O O O O O O O
• O O O O O O O
• Patriots Same Loyalist