?????Blaise Pascal (1623 ~ 1662) ?1642?????Pascaline

1
???????

• ?1? ??

2
1-1 ?????

• ???????????
• ?????Blaise Pascal (1623 1662)
  ?1642?????Pascaline
• ??????Joseph-Marie Jacquard (1752 1834)
  ?1801??????????
• ?????Charles Babbage (1791 1871) ?1830????????
  (difference engine)
• ??? (analytical engine)

3

• ?????Herman Hollerith (1860 1929)
  ?1890????????????????
• ?????????????John V. Atanasoff????Clifford E.
  Berry????????????????????ABC
• ?????Alan Turing?1943??COLOSSUS

4

• ??????????Howard Aiken?1944??????????????Mark I
• ???????????John W. Mauchly?J. Presper Eckert Jr.
  ???ENIAC?UNIVAC
• IBM?1953?1954???IBM 701?IBM 650????????

5
????? (1951-1958)

• ?????
• ???0?1????????
• ??2,000IPS (Instructions Per Second),?????ms
  (10-3) ???
• ?????????? (magnetic core),??????????

6
????? (1959-1964)

• ?????
• ??????????????,??FORTRAN?ALGOL 60?COBOL?APL?LISP
  
• ??1MIPS (Million IPS) ,?????µs (10-6) ???
• ????????4-32KB??? (magnetic drum) ??? (magnetic
  core),???????? (tape)

7
????? (1965-1970)

• ?????? (IC)
• ??????,??Pascal?ALGOL 68?Basic?SNOBOL?PL/1
• ??10MIPS,?????ns (10-9) ???
• ????????32KB-3MB??????? (semiconductor memory)

8
????? (1971-??)

• ????????? (VLSI)
• ??????,??C?Pascal?Basic?C?Java
• ??100MIPS-1BIPS (Billion IPS),?????ns (10-9) ?ps
  (10-12) ???
• ????????3MB????????? (semiconductor memory)

9
1-2 ?????

• ???? (supercomputer)
• ????????,?????????????,??????????????????????????
  ?????????????
• ???? (Mainframe)
• ???????????????????????????,?????????????????????
  

10

• ???? (minicomputer)
• ????????????,????????????,????DEC PDP-8
• ???? (PC)
• ??????????,?????PC??????Wintel PC

11

• ??? (Mac)
• ?????? (Apple) ???????,???????????????
• ????? (notebook)
• ?????????,?????????

12

• ???? (NC)
• ?????????????,????????,????????????Internet
• ?????? (PDA )
• ???????????????????????,??Palm???????WinCE?Pocket
  PC

13

• ???? (Tablet PC)
• ????????,?????????????????,???????????????,????1.
  5??
• ????? (embedded computer)
• ??????????????

14

• ????? (wearable computer)
• ?????????????????,???????,???????????????????????
  ????

15
1-3 ???????1-3-1 ??
16

• ????
• ????
• ????
• ????

17
1-3-2 ??

• ????
• ????
• ????
• ????

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1-4 ????????

• ????????? (levels of transformation) ?????,?????

19

• ????
• ???
• ??? (definiteness)
• ?????? (effective computability)
• ??? (finiteness)
• ??
• ?????
• ???
• ????
• ????

20
?????

• ???? (pattern recognition)
• ???? (fuzzy logic)
• ???? (virtual reality)
• ???? (artificial intelligence)
• ???? (natural language)
• ???? (expert system)
• ???????? (microtechnology?nanotechnology)