FANS 1/A over Iridium (FOI)

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FANS 1/A over Iridium (FOI)

• Status

Presented to SOCM/2
By Tom Krafttom.kraft_at_faa.gov
Date 8-10 February 2012
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Introduction

• Mar 08 FOI project plan
• May-Jul 2010 FOI operational evaluation
• 17 Sep 2010 PARC submits FOI and Performance
  Based Concept Recommendations to FAA
• In June 2011, the FAA responded to the PARC,
  agreeing with the recommendations in the report

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Why the spotlight on Iridium?

• Iridium promotes FANS 1/A expansion
• Lower cost solution than other alternatives
• Draws less power
• Lighter in weight
• Global coverage, including the Polar Region
• FANS 1/A enables
• Reduced ADS-C-based separations
• More efficient operations
• Reduced CO2 emissions minimizing environmental
  impact
• Reduced effects of operational errors/pilot
  deviations

Iridium enables applications Passenger
(APC) Company (AAC, AOC) FANS 1/A (ATS)
FANS 1/A enables ATM benefits
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PARC FOI PBC recommendations

• PARC submitted letter to FAA in Sep 2010

RECOMMENDATION 1. Expedite the steps necessary
to remove restrictions on current FOI operations
to realize immediate gains in efficiency and
safety benefits. RECOMMENDATION 2. In the
near and mid terms, plan for and implement a
performance-based framework for RCP and
surveillance performance specifications. (See
PARC CWG presentation for PBC update)
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FAA responded in June 2011

• With proven benefits in operational efficiency,
  environmental impact, and safety, the FAA has
  identified FANS 1/A as an enabler for NextGen.
  The FAA agrees FOI will promote FANS 1/A
  expansion, and accepts FOI as a viable means for
  air traffic service (ATS) communications,
  particularly in accordance with performance
  specifications for reduced oceanic separations
  based on automatic dependent surveillance
  contract (ADSC).

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FOI planning and implementation

• Remove airspace restrictions to apply reduced
  ADS-C-based separations to eligible FOI aircraft
• In Oakland Flight Information Region (FIR)
• FAA will advocate removal of any restrictions
  imposed by other air navigation service providers
  
• FAA has been and will continue to approve FOI
  installations and operations
• Design approval of FOI installations per FAA
  Advisory Circular (AC) 20140A
• Data link operational authorizations via A056 Ops
  Spec per FAA AC 12070B FAA Order N8900.66

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Potential for FOI growth
in the NAT Region (1 of 2)

• Approximately 1,400 flights daily in the NAT, 48
  fleet currently equipped with FANS 1/A CPDLC
  ADS-C
• All aircraft shall operate FANS 1/A CPDLC
  ADS-C(outside VHF data link coverage)
• a) from 7 February 2013, on specified tracks and
  flight levels within the NAT organized track
  system (OTS) and
• b) from 5 February 2015, in specified portions of
  NAT minimum navigation specifications (MNPS)
  airspace.
• Current thinking, initially
• No more than 2 specified tracks in the OTS, FL360
  to FL390, inclusive
• No exemptions in the applicable airspace
• Beyond 2015 to be determined

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Potential for FOI growth
in the NAT Region (2 of 2)

• Other operational improvements being investigated
  in the NAT for implementation 2015 and beyond
• Transition Minimum Navigation Performance
  Specification (MNPS) to Performance-Based
  Navigation (PBN)
• NAT Required Communication Performance (RCP) and
  Required Surveillance Performance (RSP)
  Operations Implementation Plan (for Feb 2015)
  applies to FANS 1/A
• Reduced (5-min) Longitudinal Separation Minimum
  (RLongSM) (in trials March 2011) will require
  FANS 1/A
• Reduced (25 NM) Lateral Separation Minimum
  (RLatSM) will require FANS 1/A

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Potential for FOI growth
Elsewhere

• Polar Region FOI provides true global
  coverage
• PACOTS FOI can increase equipage rates
• Increasing the number to opportunities to apply
  reduced separations when more aircraft are
  FANS 1/A capable

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FOI recognition

• NAT SPG planning to formally acknowledge FANS 1/A
  over Iridium Short Burst Data and Inmarsat I3
  Classic Aero as eligible for NAT data link
  operations
• Based on PARC CWG FOI Project and Report
• Expected to occur in June 2012 (NAT SPG/48)
• At IPACG, JCAB still trialing FOI, need more time
• However, similar to FAA systems, JCAB systems
  have no operational means to determine the type
  of media the aircraft is using for FANS 1/A
  operations in the Fukuoka FIR
• Reduced separations can be applied (or
  mis-applied) to FOI aircraft that indicate RNP4
  in their flight plan

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FANS 1/A aircraft definition

• GOLD definition of FANS 1/A aircraft ? an
  aircraft with a data link system that has been
  certified in accordance with the requirements
  specified in RTCA DO258A/ EUROCAE ED100A (FANS
  1/A INTEROP Standard), or previous version
• DO-258A/ED-100A includes provisions for use of
  VHF, satellite and HF sub-networks that are
  compatible with the ACARS network.
• it does not require or specify any specific
  sub-network(s) that an aircraft must use for FANS
  1/A operations

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Current FANS 1/A configurations

• Throughout the world, operators with FANS 1/A
  aircraft use CPDLC and ADS-C services
• over a variety of subnetworks, including VHF
  (Mode 0/A and Mode 2), Inmarsat Classic Aero over
  the I3 and I4 satellites, Iridium SBD, and HFDL

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FAA means of compliance (1 of 2)

• The FAA certifies FANS 1/A aircraft in accordance
  with AC 20-140A
• The FAA authorizes operational use of data link,
  i.e. CPDLC and ADS-C, in accordance with AC
  120-70B and FAA Order 8900.1
• For FANS 1/A aircraft, these FAA documents
  recognize DO-258A/ED-100A or previous version, as
  acceptable means of compliance
• consistent with the GOLD definition

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FAA means of compliance (2 of 2)

• Further, these FAA ACs recognize a number of
  sub-networks and associated standards as
  acceptable means of compliance for FANS 1/A
  aircraft
• Means of compliance for Iridiums SBD services is
  RTCA DO-262A, Normative Appendix, section 2
• The FAA have certified and continue to certify
  FANS 1/A aircraft that use the Iridium SBD
  sub-network in accordance with applicable ACs and
  Orders
• Other appropriate authorities have also issued
  design approvals and authorized operational use
  of FOI aircraft

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FOI aircraft More than 100 by 2013
Operator September 2010 February 2012
Cargolux 13 Boeing 747-400s to over 60 flight destinations worldwide 10 B747s worldwide(3 Inmarsat)
Continental 6 Boeing 737-800s and 4 Boeing 737-700s in and out of Guam 18 B757s in North Atlantic
Hawaiian 8 B767s in the Pacific
UPS participating in pre-FOI data collection and are planning to participate in FOI in the near future 4 B747s, 39 B767s active42 B767s by October 2011, Crew training has begun, Significant use by May 201217 B767s by November 2013
Delta participating in pre-FOI data collection and are planning to participate in FOI in the near future 8 B757s and 15 B747s planned for significant use in 2012-2013.Currently, 23 B757s, 15 B747s and 3 B737s do Iridium voice/AOC data
Qantas 1 B737 in the Tasman
Totals 23 FOI aircraft 80 FOI aircraft
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ICAO provisions

• Standards and Recommended Practices (Annex 10),
  PANS/ATM (Doc 4444) and Regional Supplementary
  Procedures (Doc 7030) and other ICAO guidance
  material (e.g., ICAO Doc 9925)
• FOI is a viable means for conducting ATS
  communications and FOI aircraft are eligible for
  CPDLC and ADS-C operations anywhere in the world

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Summary

• FANS 1/A over Iridium (FOI) is now being accepted
  as a means of compliance to CPDLC and ADS-C
  airspace requirements
• U.S.
• NAT
• Other States/regions may be pending further
  evaluation

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