Ternopil State Medical University named I.Horbachevsky

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Ternopil State Medical University named
I.Horbachevsky

• Chair of neurology, psychiatry, narcology and
  medical psychology
• Prep. by Roksolana Hnatyuk
• M.D., Ph.D.

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• Mental retardation,
• disorders of the personality (psychopathy)

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Intelligence -

• the ability to understand, recall, mobilize and
  constructively integrate previous learning in
  meeting new situations.

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Dementia

• is a syndrome characterized by multiple
  impairments in cognitive functions without
  impairment in consciousness

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Dementia

• is the loss of mental abilities and most
  commonly occurs late in life. Of all persons over
  age 65,
• 5-8 are demented. This percentage increases
  considerably with age. Twenty-five to 50 of
  people over 85 are affected
• Prevalence of Dementia
• Over Age 65    5-8
• Over Age 75    15-20
• Over Age 85    25-50

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The most common form of dementia

• Alzheimers disease, accounts for 50-75 of all
  cases of dementia.
• Another 20-30 is due to blood vessel disease
  ("multi-infarct dementia" or "mini-strokes"). The
  remaining cases result from a variety of less
  common disorders

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Symptoms and Problems of Dementia

• The affected person sometimes recognizes the
  first signs of dementia. Often family or friends
  first detect the problem. Typical early symptoms
  include memory loss, and difficulty performing
  complex tasks. A person may mislay items, become
  lost while driving, get confused in the middle of
  a conversation or lose a prior ability to balance
  a checkbook. As the condition progresses the
  deficits become more pronounced and interfere
  further with daily activities (See Table 2)

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Symptoms of Dementia (Table 2)

• Marked Loss of Memory for Recent Events
• -Losing items
• -Getting Lost in familiar Places
• -Missing Appointments
• Loss of Ability For Abstract Thought, Planning
  And Doing Complex Tasks
• -Trouble with Cooking, Paying Bills, Driving
• -Cant Understand Books, Movies or News Items

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Symptoms of Dementia (Table 2)

• Difficulty Finding Common Words And Names
• -Substitution of Approximate Phrases ("Where is
  the thing for sweeping?" for broom)
• -Misidentifying People (Confusing sister with
  deceased mother)
• -Use of "Empty Phrases" ("You know", "That
  thing")
• Difficulty Inhibiting Behavior
• -Impulsivity, Thoughtless Comments, Socially
  Inappropriate Behaviors

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Mental retardation
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Etiology of oligophrenias

• a) Alcoholism of the parents,
• b) the prenatal factors,
• c) of a trauma labors,
• d) disease of early childhood

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Mental retardation
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Psychopathy -

• is a term derived from the Greek psyche (soul)
  and pathos (suffering), and was once used to
  denote any form of mental illness

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Etiology of psychopathies

• a) Of a harmfulness of period of a conception,
• b) the prenatal factors,
• c) disease of early childhood,
• d) troubles of education types
• "an idol of family", "Cinderella", "hyper
  guardianship", "hypo guardianship"

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• These days, psychopathy is defined in psychiatry
  as a condition characterised by lack of empathy
  or conscience, poor impulse control and
  manipulative behaviors

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Thank you for your attention!