Imperialism Part II Asia and Middle East

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Imperialism Part IIAsia and Middle East
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India

• Was controlled by Great Britain 1839-1947
• Britain was insensitive to Hindu and Muslim
  Religion and Indian Customs
• Britain created a modern system of secondary
  education, economic reforms, and a unified
  powerful state

3
Leading to Rebellion

• Caused by British insensitivity
• Soldiers were forced to bite bullets coated in
  animal fat from cows or pigs ? violated dietary
  restrictions and religious beliefs
• Raised taxes, less pay, food shortages
• Widows were allowed to remarry (Sati)? seen as
  Christian conspiracy to undermine beliefs

4
Sepoy Rebellion 1857-1858

• Hindu and Muslim Soldiers
• Northern and central India
• Crushed by British loyal troops in south
• After India is ruled by Parliament in London and
  administered by a tiny all white committee in
  India

5
China

• Carved into spheres of influence in the late 19th
  century
• Had a trade surplus up until the Industrial
  Revolution
• Tea Opium Trade with Britain leads to conflict
• Eventually they are controlled by Britain,
  France, Germany, Russia and Japan
• US Open Door Policy

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Opium Wars

• 1839-1841 Chinese government outlawed opium due
  to addiction
• British merchant ships clashed with Chinese
  warships
• Chinese were easily defeated by Britains more
  advanced gun boats
• Treaty of Nanking pay indemnity, Britain gets
  Hong Kong and have to open 5 ports to foreign
  trade
• 1856-1860 China is forced to accept trade and
  investment terms of the west
• Westerners followed their home laws not Chinas

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Taiping Rebellion 1850

• Led by Hong Xiuquan (Christian)
• Wanted land reform, community ownership of
  property, equality for men and women
• Civil War for 14 years ? 20 million died
• Manchus defeated rebellion with British help

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Boxer Rebellion 1899

• Response to Open Door Policy and Imperialism
• Antiforeigner feelings ? anti-imperialism
• Trained in martial arts
• Attacked foreigners nationwide in 1900
• Western Powers Japan join forces and crush
  rebellion
• Chinese nationalism continued to spread

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Dr. Sun Yixian

• Wanted to overthrow the Qing Dynasty and create a
  republic
• Created 3 principles of the People
• 1 Nationalism
• 2 Democracy
• 3 Livelihood
• Dec 1911 named new president of the Chinese
  republic ? next 37 years saw constant war with
  itself or foreign invaders

10
Japan

• Japan resisted being imperialized
• Was quick to modernize and became an imperial
  power in late 19th century
• Meiji Restoration reforms to compete with the
  West

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Russo - Japanese War 1904

• Russia and Japan both want Manchuria and Korea
• Russia want a trans-Siberian
• railway across Manchuria
• Japan destroys
• Russias fleet off Korea
• Impact Russia turns to take over Balkans, Japan
  Annexes Korea, West is afraid of Japan -1st
  powerful Asian nation

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Asia Division

• France Indochina
• Britain Burma, Malay Peninsula, North Borneo
• Germany Some Pacific Islands
• Russia Persia, outer China
• Spanish - American War US took Philippines,
  Guam, Cuba Hawaii
• Britain and Russia Iran (Oil!)