MDMP (Introduction)

1
Welcome to Military Decision Making Process
(MDMP)
Step 2 Mission Analysis
2
The Seven Steps of the MDMP
Receipt of Mission
Mission Analysis
Course of Action Development
Course of Action Analysis (War-Game)
Course of Action Comparison
Course of Action Approval
Orders Production
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Military Decision Making Process
Input
Output
Receipt of Mission

• Commanders initial guidance
• WARNO to staff
• Initial IPB products Cdrs Intent
• Restated mission Initial CCIR
• Updated staff estimates/products
• Preliminary movement
• Cdrs planning guidance Initial ISR plan
• Updated staff estimates
• COA statements and sketches
• Refine Cdrs planning guidance
• Wargame results
• Decisions support templates
• Task Organization
• Mission to subordinate units
• Decision matrix

• Mission received from higher HQ or
• deduced by the Commander and staff
• Higher HQ order/plan/IPB
• Staff estimates
• Facts assumptions
• Restated mission
• Cdrs intent planning guidance
• CCIR
• Staff estimates products
• Enemy COAs
• Refined Cdrs planning guidance
• Enemy COAs
• Friendly COAs
• Staff/BOS COAs
• Wargame results

WARNO 1
Mission Analysis
WARNO 2
Course of Action Development
Course of Action Analysis (War-Game)
Course of Action Comparison
Course of Action Approval
WARNO 3
Orders Production
Note 1 A star ( ) depicts Commander
activities and decisions. Note 2 Rehearsals and
backbriefs occur during preparation and ensure an
orderly transition between planning and execution.
Preparation
Prepare
Plan
Assess
Execution
Execute
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Step 2 Mission Analysis

• Process
• Analyze the higher HQ order
• Perform Initial IPB
• Determine specified, implied, and essential
  tasks
• Review available assets
• Determine constraints
• Identify critical facts and assumptions
• Perform risk assessment
• Determine initial CCIR and EEFI
• Determine the initial ISR plan
• Update operational timelines
• Write the restated mission
• Deliver the mission analysis briefing
• Approve the restated mission
• Develop the initial Commanders intent
• Review facts and assumptions

• Output
• Updated Staff estimates and products
• Initial IPB
• Enemy SITTEMPs
• MCOO
• HVTs
• Mission analysis briefing
• Restated mission
• Initial CDRs intent
• CDRs planning guidance
• Updated operational timeline
• Warning Order

• Input
• Higher HQ plan or order
• Higher HQ IPB
• Updated staff estimates
• Initial Cdrs Guidance

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Mission Analysis
Task 1 Analyze Higher Headquarters' Order

• The Higher Headquarters
• Commanders Intent
• Mission
• Available Assets
• Area of Operations (AO)
• Concept of Operations
• Operational Timeline
• Missions of Adjacent Units (Front, Rear,
  Supporting, and Supported their relation to the
  higher headquarters plan)
• The Unit Area of Operations (AO)
• Mission in the context of and in relation to the
  higher headquarters mission and commanders
  intent.

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Mission Analysis
Task 2 Perform Initial Intelligence Preparation
of the Battlefield
Task 3 Determine Specified, Implied, and
Essential Tasks

• Specified tasks are tasks specifically assigned
  to a unit by its higher headquarters.
• Implied tasks are tasks that must be performed to
  accomplish a
• specified task or the mission, but are not stated
  in the higher headquarters
• order.
• Essential tasks are specified or implied tasks
  that must be executed to accomplish the mission.
  Essential tasks are always included in the units
  mission statement.

Task 4 Review Available Assets
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Mission Analysis
Task 5 Determine Constraints
Constraints are restrictions placed on the
command by a higher command. They dictate an
action or inaction, thus restricting the freedom
of action a subordinate commander has for
planning. Constraints can take the form of a
requirement to do something. They can also
prohibit action.
Task 6 Identify Critical Facts and Assumptions
Facts are statements of known data concerning the
situation, including enemy and friendly
dispositions, available troops, unit strengths,
and materiel readiness. Assumption - a
supposition on the current situation or a
presupposition on the future course of events.
An assumption is appropriate if it meets the
tests of validity and necessity. Validity means
the assumption is likely to be true. Necessity
is whether the assumption is essential for
planning.
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Mission Analysis
Task 7 Perform Risk Assessment
Tactical risk is risk concerned with hazards that
exist because of the presence of either the enemy
or an adversary. Accidental risk includes all
operational risk considerations other than
tactical risk. It includes risks to the friendly
force. It also includes risks posed to civilians
by an operation, as well as an operations impact
on the environment.
Task 8 Determine Commanders Critical
Information Requirements and Essential Elements
of Friendly Information
The Commander alone decides what information is
critical, based on his experience, the mission,
the higher commanders intent, and input from his
staff. During mission analysis, the staff
develops information requirements. In addition to
nominating CCIR to the commander, the staff
also identifies and nominates essential elements
of friendly information (EEFI).
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Mission Analysis
Task 9 Determine the initial Intelligence,
Surveillance, and Reconnaissance
To facilitate effective planning, the unit
develops and issues the initial ISR plan as soon
as possible. Based on the initial IPB and CCIRs,
the staff, primarily the G-2/S-2, identifies gaps
in the intelligence effort and determines what
assets are available to collect on these gaps.
The G-3/S-3 turns this into an initial ISR Plan
that tasks ISR assets as soon as possible to
begin the collection effort.
Task 10 Update the Operational Timeline
Task 11 Write the Restated Mission
A mission statement is a short sentence or
paragraph describing the units essential task
(or tasks) and purpose that clearly indicate the
action to be taken and the reason for doing so.
It contains the elements of who, what, when,
where, and why, and the reasons thereof, but
seldom specifies how.
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Mission Analysis
Task 12 Deliver a Mission Analysis Briefing
The mission analysis briefing is given to both
the commander and the Staff. The briefing focuses
on relevant conclusions reached as a result of
the mission analysis. It is neither a readiness
briefing nor a briefing of compiled data. It is a
decision briefing that results in an approved
restated mission, commanders intent, and
commanders planning guidance
Task 13 Approve the Restated Mission
Once approved, the restated mission becomes the
unit mission.
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Mission Analysis Brief Format

• Time permitting, the staff briefs the commander
  on its mission
• analysis using the following outline
• Mission and commanders intent of the
  headquarters two levels up.
• Mission, commanders intent, concept of
  operations, and military deception plan or
  deception objectives of the headquarters one
  level up.
• Review of the commanders initial guidance.
• Initial IPB products, including MCOO and
  SITTEMPs.
• Pertinent facts and assumptions.
• Specified, implied, and essential tasks.
• Constraints.
• Forces available.
• Initial risk assessment.
• Recommended initial CCIR and EEFI.
• Recommended time lines.
• Recommended collaborative planning sessions.
• Recommended restated mission.

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Mission Analysis
Task 14 Develop the Initial Commanders Intent
The Commanders Intent focuses planning and gives
the commander a means of indirect control of
subordinate elements during execution. It must be
understood and remembered by subordinates two
echelons down. In the absence of orders, the
commanders intent, coupled with the
mission statement, directs subordinates toward
mission accomplishment. When opportunities
appear, subordinates use the commanders intent
to decide whether and how to exploit them.
Therefore, brevity and clarity in writing the
commanders intent is key. The commanders intent
can be in narrative or bullet form it normally
does not exceed five sentences

• Commanders Intent statement should state the
  following
• Key tasks
• End state
• Expanded purpose of the operation, if desired

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Mission Analysis
Task 14 Develop the Initial Commanders Intent
(EXAMPLE)

• Commanders Intent
• The purpose of this attack is to prevent enemy
  forces in AO LION from interfering with SANG
  decisive operation
• Key tasks
• Simultaneous attacks in the north and south of
  AO.
• Destroy the southern infantry battalion.
• Seize OBJ FALCON by 181800 MAR 03.
• Defeat enemy tank battalion vicinity EAST TOWN.
• At end state, the HICON right flank is secure
  with two battalions consolidated in defensive
  positions vicinity OBJ FALCON. The brigade is
  prepared to conduct follow-on operations to clear
  AO to PL CAMEL.

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Mission Analysis
Task 15 Issue the Commanders Planning Guidance
The commanders planning guidance focuses on COA
development, analysis, and comparison.

• As a minimum, the Commanders Guidance addresses
  - -
• The decisive operation.
• Identification of a decisive point or points.
• Potential key decisions.
• Specific COAs to consider or not, both friendly
  and enemy, and the priority for addressing them.
• Initial CCIR.
• Surveillance and reconnaissance guidance.
• Risk.
• Military deception.

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Mission Analysis
Task 15 Issue the Commanders Planning Guidance

• As a minimum, the Commanders Guidance addresses
  - - (continued)
• Fires.
• Mobility and counter-mobility.
• Security operations.
• Priorities for the Battlefield Operating Systems.
• The operational time-line.
• The type of order to issue.
• Collaborative planning sessions to be conducted.
• Movements to initiate (including command and
  control nodes).
• The type of rehearsal to conduct.
• Any other information the commander wants the
  staff to consider.

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Mission Analysis
Task 16 Issue a Warning Order (WARNO 2)
Copy __ of __ Copies Issuing
headquarters WARNING ORDER __ Place of
issue References Date/time group of
signature 1. SITUATION Message reference
no. a. Enemy forces. b. Friendly
forces. (1) Mission (2)
Commanders Intent c. Attachments and
detachments. 2. MISSION 3. EXECUTION Intent
(when available). a. Concept of operation
(when available). Assembly area locations (If
applicable, when available). b. Tasks to
maneuver units (when available). (1)
Reconnaissance. (2) Surveillance
(3) Security c. Tasks to combat support
units (when available). d. Coordinating
instructions. (1) Earliest movement
time and degree of notice. (2) Orders
group meeting (attendees, location, and time)
(when applicable). 4. SERVICE SUPPORT a. Special
equipment. b. Transportation. 5. COMMAND AND
SIGNAL ACKNOWLEDGE NAME (Commanders
last name) OFFICIAL RANK (Commanders
rank) ANNEXES DISTRIBUTION

• WARNO 2 includes, as a minimum
• The approved unit mission statement.
• The commanders intent.
• Task organization changes.
• Attachments/detachments.
• The unit AO (sketch, overlay, or some other
  description).
• The CCIR and EEFI.
• Risk guidance.
• Surveillance and reconnaissance instructions.
• Initial movement instructions.
• Security measures.
• Military deception guidance.
• Mobility and countermobility guidance.
• Specific priorities.
• The updated operational time line.
• Guidance on collaborative events and rehearsals.

SMFM 101-5-2
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Mission Analysis
Task 17 Review Facts and Assumptions
During the rest of the MDMP, the commander and
staff periodically review all facts and
assumptions. New facts may alter requirements and
require a reanalysis of the mission. Assumptions
may have become facts or may have even become
invalid. Whenever the facts or assumptions
change, the commander and staff assess the impact
of these changes on the plan and make the
necessary adjustments, including changing the
CCIR, if necessary.
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Questions