Bellringer

1
Bellringer

• Name 2 major European cities involved the
  development of mass society.
• Name 2 famous women who fought for womens rights.

2
Chapter 13
The National State and Democracy
3
Western Europe Democracy
Central Eastern Europe
The Old Order
Vs.
Great Britain
?
?
Germany
?
France
Austria-Hungary
?
?
?
Italy
Russia
4
Western Europe

• Great Britain
• France
• Italy

5
Western Europe

• Great Britain
• France
• Italy

6
Britain

• Two- parliamentary system
• Liberal Conservative Party
• Both competed for control of congress.

7
Western Europe

• Great Britain
• France
• Italy

8
France

• Third Republic replaced the 2nd Napoleonic
  Empire.
• Premier Prime Minister
• - Head of Govt.
• - Responsible to the Chamber of Deputies
• - Remained in power b/c Parliament was very
  weak. too many parties

9
France

• Principle of ministerial responsibility the
  idea that the prime minister is responsible to
  the popularly elected legislative body and not
  the chief executive is crucial for democracy.

10
Western Europe

• Great Britain
• France
• Italy

11
Italy

• Unity wasnt easy.
• Conflict b/w labor industry weakened the
  nation.
• Govt corruption could not deal with the
  conflict.

12
Eastern Europe

• Germany
• Austria-Hungary
• Russia

13
Eastern Europe

• Germany
• Austria-Hungary
• Russia

14
Germany

• Otto Von Bismarck provided a two house
  legislature. He kept Germany from being
  democratic

Prime Minster Bismarck
15
Germany

• 2 House Legislature
• Lower house (Reichstag) was elected on universal
  male suffrage.
• Govt ministers reported to the emperor, not the
  legislature.

16

• Emperor controlled the govt, army, and policies.
  
• Under William II 1888-1918, Germany had the
  strongest military and the strongest industry in
  Europe.

17

• Conservatives landowning nobility and big
  industrialists tried to stifle the demands for
  democracy by supporting a strong foreign policy.

18
Eastern Europe

• Germany
• Austria-Hungary
• Russia

19
Austria-Hungary

• Francis Joseph Emperor ignored the new
  constitution in the new empire.
• He had difficulties with all the nationalities in
  the Empire. Poles, Slavs, Czechs

20
Eastern Europe

• Germany
• Austria-Hungary
• Russia

21
Russia

• Nicholas II absolute power.
• Industrialization hit after 1890s. (4th largest
  behind U.S., Ger., and G.B.)
• Govt repressed the rise of Socialist parties.

22

• On the Winter Plaza, soldiers opened fire on
  protesters.
• The men killed hundreds of protesters known as
  Bloody Sunday.
• It forced Nicholas II to create a Duma.
  Legislature

1887 Bloody Sunday
23
Back Home in the United States
24
United States

• I Aftermath of the Civil War
• 1/5 of adult white males died from the south.
• 4 million slaves freed.
• 13th Amendment
• 14th Amendment
• 15th Amendment

Freed Slaves
Defined citizenship
Right to vote for A.A. Males
25
International Rivalries
26

• 1871, Bismarck knew Germany upset the balance of
  power set in 1815 in Vienna.
• He feared France would raise and army and oppose
  Germany.
• In 1882 Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy set
  up the Triple Alliance.

27
Crisis in the Balkans
28
Crisis in the Balkans

• Allies of Austria-Hungary and of Russia were
  determined to support the countries on their
  sides.
• In 1914 each side viewed the other with suspicion
  and hostility.

29
Review

• What was the Triple Alliance?
• What was the 13th Amendment?
• What was the 14th Amendment?
• What was the 15th Amendment?
• What was the Russian Legislature?