Title: Ergot
1Ergot Ann Baker Katie Ditter Carrie Peterson
2Botanical Characteristics
3History of Ergot
Names
Medicinal Purposes
4History of LSD
Discovery
5Chemistry of Alkaloids
Nitrogenous and Basic
Physiologically Active
Salt and Free Amine Formation
Solubility
Crystalline Solid
6The Ergot Alkaloids Structure based on indole
ring General biosynthesis of alkaloids
Starting amino acid is tryptophan All ergot
alkaloids are derivatives of ()-Lysergic Acid
7The Ergot Alkaloids Structure based on indole
ring Starting amino acid is tryptophan All
ergot alkaloids are derivatives of ()-Lysergic
Acid
8General Biosynthesis of Alkaloids
9Biosynthesis of Lysergic Acid
10Important Derivatives
Natural Products Ergonovine Ergotamine Semisy
nthetic Products Methylergonovine
maleate Dihydroergotamine mesylate Lysergic
acid diethylamine Synthetic Products sumatripta
n (Imitrex)
11 History of Clinical Trials
1630fed to animals (all died)
1778duck and drake fed ergot
1831fed rooster ergot extracts
1884calmodulin alkaloid
1909tyramine
1910histamine
1906-1918ergotoxine and ergotamine
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13Peripheral Effects
- smooth muscle contractions
- Cures migraine headaches
- lowers blood pressure
- Ergotamine tartrate caffeine
- dihydroergotamine
14Uterotonic Effects
- accelerate childbirth
- arrest hemorrhaging
- Extracts used
- ergonovine maleate
- ergometrine
- ergotamine (prolonged effects)
15Neurohormonal EffectsSerotonin antagonism
- Treatments
- prophylaxis for migraine
- carciniod syndrome
- rhuematic affections
16Neurohormonal EffectsAdrenergic blockade
- Treatments
- high blood pressure
- cerebral circulatory disorders
- vascular disorders
- cervical syndrome
- Extracts used
- dihydroergocornine
- dihydroergokryptine
- dihydroergocristine
17Central EffectsBulbomedullary effects
- Effects
- bradycardia
- vomiting
- inhibition of vasomotor center
- inhibition of pressoreceptor reflexes
- Extracts
- ergot alkaloids alone
- (has sedative effect)
18Central EffectsMesodrencephalic effects
- Effects
- hyperthermia
- hyperglycemia
- mydriasis
- piloerection
- tachypnea
- hyperreflexia
- general motor
- hyperactivity
19LSD
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22References
Robbers, J.E., Speedie, M.K. Tyler, V.E.
(1996) Pharmacognosy and Pharmacobiotechnology.
Williams Williams Media, PA. Etc.