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Ergot

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Ergot Ann Baker Katie Ditter Carrie Peterson Peripheral Effects Uterotonic Effects Neurohormonal Effects Serotonin antagonism Neurohormonal Effects Adrenergic ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Ergot


1
Ergot Ann Baker Katie Ditter Carrie Peterson
2
Botanical Characteristics
  • Parasite
  • Sclerotium
  • Conidia
  • Reproduction

3
History of Ergot
  • Discovery
  • Family

Names
Medicinal Purposes
  • Folklore

4
History of LSD
Discovery
  • Original Purpose
  • Social Impact

5
Chemistry of Alkaloids
Nitrogenous and Basic
Physiologically Active
Salt and Free Amine Formation
Solubility
Crystalline Solid
  • Bitter Taste

6
The Ergot Alkaloids Structure based on indole
ring General biosynthesis of alkaloids
Starting amino acid is tryptophan All ergot
alkaloids are derivatives of ()-Lysergic Acid
7
The Ergot Alkaloids Structure based on indole
ring Starting amino acid is tryptophan All
ergot alkaloids are derivatives of ()-Lysergic
Acid
8
General Biosynthesis of Alkaloids
9
Biosynthesis of Lysergic Acid
10
Important Derivatives
Natural Products Ergonovine Ergotamine Semisy
nthetic Products Methylergonovine
maleate Dihydroergotamine mesylate Lysergic
acid diethylamine Synthetic Products sumatripta
n (Imitrex)
11
History of Clinical Trials
1630fed to animals (all died)
1778duck and drake fed ergot
1831fed rooster ergot extracts
1884calmodulin alkaloid
1909tyramine
1910histamine
1906-1918ergotoxine and ergotamine
12
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13
Peripheral Effects
  • smooth muscle contractions
  • Cures migraine headaches
  • lowers blood pressure
  • extracts used
  • Ergotamine tartrate caffeine
  • dihydroergotamine

14
Uterotonic Effects
  • childbirth
  • accelerate childbirth
  • arrest hemorrhaging
  • Extracts used
  • ergonovine maleate
  • ergometrine
  • ergotamine (prolonged effects)

15
Neurohormonal EffectsSerotonin antagonism
  • Extract
  • methysergide
  • Treatments
  • prophylaxis for migraine
  • carciniod syndrome
  • rhuematic affections

16
Neurohormonal EffectsAdrenergic blockade
  • Treatments
  • high blood pressure
  • cerebral circulatory disorders
  • vascular disorders
  • cervical syndrome
  • Extracts used
  • dihydroergocornine
  • dihydroergokryptine
  • dihydroergocristine

17
Central EffectsBulbomedullary effects
  • Effects
  • bradycardia
  • vomiting
  • inhibition of vasomotor center
  • inhibition of pressoreceptor reflexes
  • Extracts
  • ergot alkaloids alone
  • (has sedative effect)

18
Central EffectsMesodrencephalic effects
  • Effects
  • hyperthermia
  • hyperglycemia
  • mydriasis
  • piloerection
  • tachypnea
  • hyperreflexia
  • general motor
  • hyperactivity
  • Extract
  • lysergide

19
LSD
20
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21
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22
References
Robbers, J.E., Speedie, M.K. Tyler, V.E.
(1996) Pharmacognosy and Pharmacobiotechnology.
Williams Williams Media, PA. Etc.
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