Theme: Verbs. Perfective and Imperfective Verbs

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LECTURE 5

• Theme Verbs. Perfective and Imperfective Verbs

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Plan

• 1. Verb.
• 2. Perfective and Imperfective Verbs.

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VERB

• Verb is a part of speech which indicates an
  action of the subject.
• ????????? ??????? ???? ?????.

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The infinitive form of the verb

• Endings of Ukrainian verbs also change, depending
  on whether you're taking about present, past or
  future and what the subject of the sentence is
  (I, you, he/she/it, we, they or respective
  nouns). Verbs in the infinitive form end in -??
  they can be found in the dictionary.

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Imperfective and perfective verbs

• The verbs are divided into two groups for a
  reason the first group includes imperfective
  verbs, and the second one -- perfective.

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• Imperfective verbs denote incomplete, continuous,
  or repetitive action perfective verbs, on the
  contrary, indicate that the action has been/will
  be completed.
• Perfective verbs can never be in the present
  tense.
• For each imperfective verb, there's usually a
  perfective counterpart.

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Imperfective

• ????????? ????? ??????.(I'm buying a ticket)?
  ?'???? ? ?????????? ??????.(I'll be buying a
  ticket at five o'clock.)? ?'???? ? ???????
  ??????.(I was buying a ticket at five o'clock.)

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Imperfective

• ?????? ? ???? ?????.(I'm writing a
  letter.)??????? ? ???????? ?????.(I'll be
  writing a letter in the evening.)????? ? ?????
  ?????.(Yesterday I wrote a letter.)

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Perfective

• ?????? ? ????? ??????.(I bought a ticket.)?
  ????? ??????.(I'll buy a ticket)

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Perfective

• ???????? ???????? ? ?????? ?????, ? ??????
  ?????????.(I'll write a letter today and mail it
  tomorrow.)? ??? ??????? ?????.(I've written a
  letter already.)

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IMPERFECTIVE

• focus on the process the action is incomplete,
  continuous, or repetitive.

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PERFECTIVE

• focus on the action as something that produces
  certain results

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• Imperfective Perfective Translation
• ??????????? ??????????? to wake up
• ???????? (???) ???????? (???) to take
• (a shower)
• ??????? ????????? to breakfast

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• ????? ??????? to go (by a vehicle)
• ????????? ???????????? to work
• ??????? ????????? to have lunch
• ??????????? ??????????? to return
• ???????? ?????????? to have dinner

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• ???????? (?????????) ?????????? (?????????)
  to watch (TV)
• ?????? ????????? to read
• ?????? ????? ????? ????? to go to bed
• ??????? ?????? to get up

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• You may have noticed that perfective verbs either
  differ from their imperfective counterparts in a
  couple of letters in the stem or add prefixes.
• Some verbs end with-??. These are so called
  reflexive verbs.

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To run - ?????
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To study - ?????
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To sit- ??????
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To read- ??????
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To shout - ???????
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To speak - ????????
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To buy - ????????
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• ????? ?? ?????!