EOC Goal Review

1
EOC Goal Review

• Civics and Econ.
• Goal 1

2
Goal One

• What was the 1st representative government in the
  13 colonies ?
• Answer House of Burgesses
• What was the Mayflower Compact?
• Answer govt of the Pilgrims and it provided a
  direct democracy

3
Goal One

• This was a economic system used by England where
  the British used the American colonies for
  resources?
• Answer Mercantilism
• To help pay huge war debts of the French and
  Indian War, what did the English do to the
  colonies?
• Answer place high taxes on them

4
Goal One

• What was a major cause of the American
  Revolution?
• Answer taxation without representation
• Why did the Puritans leave England?
• Answer they came to America to worship as they
  saw fit

5
Goal One

• To protest a tea tax what did the colonists do in
  Boston?
• Answer dumped the tea in the Boston Harbor it
  became known as the Boston Tea Party
• After the Boston Tea Party, what did the British
  pass, and what did it cause the colonist to think
  about?
• Answer Intolerable Acts/ caused the colonists to
  consider independence

6
Goal One

• What did Thomas Paine write and what did it call
  for?
• Answer Common Sense/ called for the Americans to
  declare independence from England

7
Goal One

• What were each of the following colonies known
  for?
• New England- shipbuilding and factories
• Middle Colonies- grain and wheat
• Southern colonies- huge plantations, slavery,
  cotton, tobacco, and rice
• What is triangular trade?
• Answer trade between the West Indies, the
  Colonies, and England

8
Goal One

• Document written in 1215 limiting the Kings
  power?
• Answer Magna Carta
• The Second Continental Congress signed this on
  07-04-1776?
• Answer Declaration of Independence

9
Goal One

• This describes the idea that the British had not
  paid enough attention to the colonies which
  allowed them to become politically independent?
• Answer Salatary Neglect
• According to the Declaration of Independence what
  was the purpose of govt?
• Answer to protect peoples rights

10
Goal One

• Where was the 1st battle of the American
  Revolution?
• Answer Lexington/Concord Ma.
• What battle was the turning point of the American
  Revolution?
• Answer Saratoga
• Were did Cornwallis surrender to Washington at?
• Answer Yorktown

11
Goal One

• What was the 1st written plan to govern the
  country?
• Answer Articles of Confederation
• What were the weak points of the AC?
• Answer Est. a weak national govt, states had
  more power, the national govt could not tax, and
  no leader or national courts

12
Goal One

• Why was the Treaty of Paris important to America?
• Answer provided France as an ally
• Under the AC what did the Northwest Ordinance of
  1787 do?
• Answer provided a method for new states to be
  admitted to the US

13
Goal One

• The uprising known as Shays Rebellion was in
  protest of?
• Answer high state taxes that forced farmers into
  debt
• As a result of Shays Rebellion what did it
  demonstrate about the national govt?
• Answer weak national govt, and led to another
  meeting of state reps. In Philadelphia to revise
  the AC, and the govt was to weak to protect the
  people

14
Goal One

• What was a major issue at the Constitution
  Convention?
• Answer representation of states in the national
  govt
• Large states favored the Virginia Plan why?
• Answer based on Population
• Smaller populated states favored the New Jersey
  Plan why?
• Answer equal representation to all states

15
Goal One

• What was the Great Compromise?
• Answer called for two houses House of Reps.
  Based on population and the Senate based on two
  reps. From each state (equal)
• What was the 3/5 Compromise?
• Answer decided how slaves would be counted as
  population

16
Goal One

• What had to happen to make the Constitution
  official?
• Answer passed or ratified by ¾ of the states
• Who were the Federalist and what did they
  support?
• Answer supported passing the Constitution, wrote
  a series of articles called the Federalist Papers
  which helped to explain the changes to the
  Constitution, their leaders were Madison and
  Hamilton

17
Goal One

• Who were the Anti-federalists and what did they
  believe?
• Answer they believed that the Constitution had
  sacrificed too many states rights in favor of
  National Govt. They also said the Constitution
  needed a Bill of Rights, leaders were Patrick
  Henry and Samuel Adams

18
Goal One

• Thomas Jefferson wrote the Declaration of
  Independence, who inspired him?
• Answer English philosopher John Locke

19
EOC Goal Review

• Goal 2 (Constitution)

20
Goal 2

• What part of the Constitution explains the goals
  of our govt?
• Answer The Preamble
• What divides the national govt into 3 branches?
• Answer Separation of powers

21
Goal 2

• What are the three branches of govt?
• Answer Legislative, Executive, and Judicial
• This is a system of govt where the power is
  divided between the national govt and the state
  govt?
• Answer Federalism

22
Goal 2

• In the Federalist system the nation govt law is
  supreme, what is this called?
• Answer The Supremacy Clause
• Who heads the Legislative Branch, and what is
  its main job?
• Answer Congress/ makes the laws

23
Goal 2

• Who heads the Executive Branch and what is its
  main job?
• Answer The President/ enforce or carry out the
  laws
• Who heads up the Judicial Branch and what is its
  main job?
• Answer The Supreme Court/ interprets the law

24
Goal 2

• What is the system that each branch uses to check
  the power of another branch?
• Answer Checks and Balances
• What are the 1st 10 Amendments to the
  Constitution called?
• Answer The Bill of Rights

25
Goal 2

• What do our Bill of Rights contain?
• Answer Civil liberties
• Powers of Congress listed in the Constitution are
  called?
• Answer Enumerated Powers (declare war, coin
  money, regulate trade, and est. a military)

26
Goal 2

• What gives Congress wide use of implied power
  (powers not found in the Constitution)?
• Answer Necessary and Proper Clause
• Powers that all level of govt may use are
  called?
• Answer Concurrent Powers

27
Goal 2

• What powers belong to the states?
• Answer Reserved Powers
• What Constitutional Amendment gives states
  reserved powers?
• Answer 10th Amendment

28
Goal 2

• Freedom of Religion, Speech, Press, Assembly, and
  Petition are rights granted by what amendment?
• Answer 1st Amendment
• What amendment protects you from unlawful
  searches and seizures?
• Answer 4th Amendment

29
Goal 2

• This provides for no self incrimination or
  testifying against oneself in a court of law
• Answer 5th Amendment
• This provides a lawyer for people who cant
  afford one
• Answer 6th Amendment
• This gives citizens equal protection and due
  process
• Answer 14th Amendment

30
Goal 2

• What is a bill of attainder
• Answer Congress can make no law that takes away
  citizens right to a trial
• What are the Amendments that affect voting
• Answer 15th-former male slaves, 19th womens
  suffrage, 24th no poll tax to vote, and 26th gave
  18 years olds the right to vote

31
Goal 2

• This Indian Nation govt is similar to the US
  because it has a central govt
• Answer Iriquois Indian Nation
• According to the Constitution no person can be
  put on trial twice for the same offense. What is
  this called
• Answer double jeopardy
• A restaurant refusing to serve minorities is a
  violation of what amendment
• Answer 14th Amendment

32
Goal 2

• What was the original purpose of the 14th
  Amendment
• Answer gave former slaves citizenship and
  equality within the law
• What is the two step process needed to add an
  amendment
• Answer 2/3 vote in Congress then being passed by
  ¾ of the states
• What two Amendments deal with presidential
  proceedings
• Answer 22nd Amendment limits the president to
  two terms and the 25th est. presidential
  succession

33
Goal 2

• What is the only Amendment ever repealed
• Answer 18th Amendment (Prohibition of Alcohol)
• What Amendment called for its appeal
• Answer 21st Amendment

34
Goal 2

• Branches of Government

35
Goal 2

• Members of Congress serve _____________ terms?
• Answer Unlimited terms
• A term for a member of the House of Reps. Is
• Answer two years
• A term for a Senator is
• Answer six years
• The House of Reps. Is based on
• Answer Population for each state (or every 10
  years by the Census)
• In the Senate it is based on
• Answer Equality (2 per each state)

36
Goal 2

• What is Reapportionment?
• Answer it the redrawing of the House of Reps.
  Based on the Census to see if states lose or gain
  reps.
• What are special powers of the House of Reps.?
• Answer If the electoral college can support a
  winner for the House of Reps. Pick, tax,
  appropriation, or bills of revenue must start
  here, and the HR starts impeachment charges
  against federal officials

37
Goal 2

• What are the special powers of the Senate?
• Answer approve all treaties, confirm
  presidential appointees, and impeachment trial
  are held in the senate
• A bill is a proposed law. Who can propose one?
• Answer any member of Congress

38
Goal 2

• What happens when a bill differs in the HR and
  Senate?
• Answer a conference committee must work out a
  compromise in the bill
• What is a filibuster?
• Answer a long speech in the senate to delay
  action on a bill
• How do you end a filibuster?
• Answer calling for a cloture vote (3/5 of the
  senators must vote to end the filibuster)

39
Goal 2

• How are members of Congress punished for
  violations?
• Answer Censure- warning in front of other
  members and expulsion- kicked out by 2/3 vote
• What are the qualifications for Senator
• Answer 30 years of age, live in the US for 9
  years, and live in the state where elected
• Congress has the power to est. what kind of
  courts?
• Answer special courts called inferior courts

40
Goal 2

• What is the Franking Privilege?
• Answer it is the free mail service for members
  of Congress
• Who is the commander in chief of the military?
• Answer the president
• The president serves a _________ and may serve
  only ___________
• Answer four year term/ two terms

41
Goal 2

• What are the qualification for president?
• Answer 35 years of age, a citizen at birth, and
  lived in the US for 14 years.
• Who assists the president in his executive
  duties?
• Answer his cabinet which are a group of advisors
  of each executive department.
• What is the only duty listed for the
  vice-president in the Constitution?
• Answer leader of the senate (can only vote if
  there is a tie.)

42
Goal 2

• Who appoints federal judges?
• Answer President appoints and the Senate
  confirms
• What are other roles of the president?
• Answer chief diplomat, chief of state, chief
  executive, and party leader.
• What is an example of a executive agency that
  helps the president carry out the law?
• Answer FBI

43
Goal 2

• What are the three levels of federal courts?
• Answer District, US Court of Appeals, and US
  Supreme Court
• How many justices sit on the US Supreme Court,
  and who heads it?
• Answer nine/ Chief Justice
• What is the rule of four?
• Answer only 4 justices are needed to decide
  whether or not to hear a case

44
Goal 2

• What is a dissenting opinion by the Supreme
  Court?
• Answer Judges that disagree with court ruling
  and it could provide fuel for future arguments on
  other cases.
• What type of cases do federal courts have
  jurisdiction?
• Answer bank robbery and espionage (spying)
• What are the qualifications to be a senator?
• Answer must be 30yoa, live in the US for 9 yrs.,
  live in the state where he is elected.

45
Civics and Econ. EOC Review

• Goals 34

46
Goals 34

• The NC Constitution is organized like what other
  constitution?
• Answer The US Constitution
• In NC the Legislature is called the _________,
  and is made up of the ___________ and the
  _________.
• Answer General Assembly, House of Reps.,
  Senate
• In NC who is the head of the executive branch?
• Answer The Governor

47
Goals 34

• In NC there are four levels of court what are
  they and what do they do?
• Answer District-handles misdemeanors, Superior-
  handles felonies, NC Courts of Appeals, NC
  Supreme Court
• What was NC Supreme Court Case (Leandro v. NC)
  about?
• Answer all children must be given an equal
  access to education in every county in NC.
• What is the largest expenditure at the state and
  local levels?
• Answer Education

48
Goals 34

• What is the main source of revenue at the state
  level?
• Answer income tax sales tax
• What is the main source of revenue at the local
  level?
• Answer Property Tax
• Where are zoning laws enforced what do they do?
• Answer They are enforced at the local level
• They protect property owners, tell how land is to
  be used, control growth in a community.

49
Goals 34

• What is Annexation?
• Answer when a city wants to grow they can annex
  or take in land from the county
• What is Eminent Domain?
• Answer The right of local and state govts to
  condemn private property for public use.
• In NC what did giving the power of veto to the
  governor do?
• Answer strengthen the power of the executive
  branch.

50
Goals 34

• What are local ordinances and who passes them?
• Answer they cover laws on the local levels, and
  are passed by city councils, and boards of county
  commissioners.
• Who is in-charge of the county law enforcement,
  courthouse, jail?
• Answer Sheriff
• The NC Constitution contains a declaration of
  rights which can be compared to?
• Answer The Bill of Rights

51
Goals 34

• A proof of ownership to a car in NC is?
• Answer Possessing a title to the car
• As a result of longer sessions in NC General
  Assembly, what has this done for the average
  citizen?
• Answer made it harder for them to serve on the
  legislator because they are only paid a part-time
  wage.

52
Civics Econ. EOC Review

• Goal 4

53
Goal 4

• What are the two main parties in the US two party
  system?
• Answer Democrats and Republicans
• The main purpose of a political party is?
• Answer get their candidate elected to office
• What is a grassroots movement?
• Answer a political movement that starts at the
  local level.

54
Goal 4

• What is mudslinging?
• Answer political term used to describe harmful
  insults that are directed at a candidate running
  for office.
• What is a partys platform?
• Answer it tells what the party stand for on the
  issues or plank.
• What term is used to describe letting the people
  rule?
• Answer Popular Sovereignty (we do this by voting)

55
Goal 4

• What is the purpose of the primary election?
• Answer to pick a candidate to run in the final
  election.
• What type of votes elect the president?
• Answer electoral votes
• How do we determine how many each states gets?
• Answer of senators of Reps. in congress.

56
Goal 4

• What is the winner take all system in elections
  for president?
• Answer each citizen cast a popular vote which
  ever candidate wins the popular vote wins all the
  electoral votes for that state.
• There are 538 electoral votes, how many does a
  candidate need to be elected president?
• Answer 270 votes
• What happens if neither candidate receives 270
  electoral votes?
• Answer the HR selects the president.

57
Goal 4

• What is meant by a split ticket?
• Answer the voter has voted for candidates from
  both parties.
• What is a referendum?
• Answer voters can vote to approve laws at
  election time.
• What is a recall election?
• Answer voters can vote to remove a elected
  official from office.

58
Goal 4

• What is a watch dog group?
• Answer they expose wrong or unethical doing of
  elected officials in office.
• What is canvassing?
• Answer candidates and helpers can go door to
  door searching for votes.
• What is one way the private sector can have an
  effect on public safety?
• Answer neighborhood watch programs.

59
Goal 4

• What is a way a citizen can express concerns on
  governments handling of public issues is
  __________________
• Answer contact a member of Congress
• What is an advantage that interest groups and
  PACs have over individual citizens
• Answer politicians will listen to them more
  because there is strength in number.
• _________ is unfairly drawing up of an election
  district with a preconceived result in mind.
• Answer Gerrymandering

60
Goal 4

• A ________ can be described as a strong party
  organization that helps to use its influence to
  get party members elected.
• Answer Political Machine
• ________ can not pay for a representatives
  living expenses.
• Answer lobbyists
• _______ may attend a hearing at the local level
  to either contest or support a zoning request.
• Answer citizens

61
Goal 4

• One advantage of living in a democracy is that
  ______________________________
• Answer a citizen has the right to express their
  concerns and opinions without fear of retaliation
  from the government.

62
EOC ReviewCivics and Econ.

• Goal 5

63
Goal 5

• The act of ________ is needed in govt to make it
  work successfully.
• Answer compromising, many bills would not have
  passed without this process.
• What are the four types of negotiation methods
  that can peacefully settle a conflict?
• Answer debate, consensus, arbitration, and
  mediation
• A public hearing is an example of a ______
• Answer debate

64
Goal 5

• A ______ is an agreement that may come as a
  result of the debate at a public hearing.
• Answer Consensus ( this is a resolution that
  would end the conflict).
• ________ is the method of a third party listening
  to both sides and then hands down a decision to
  settle the dispute.
• Answer Arbitration
• _______ is the method of both sides together
  coming to a agreement that will solve the issue.
• Answer Mediation

65
Goal 5

• A _______ would be an example of a person charged
  with a crime opts to plead guilty for a lesser
  punishment.
• Answer Plea Bargain
• When a resolution can not be reached this leads
  to a ______.
• Answer Conflict (war between nations, a domestic
  dispute, or a prison sentence).

66
EOC ReviewCivics Econ.

• Goal 6

67
Goal 6

• What are the two types of law?
• Answer Criminal law and Civil Law
• Our system of criminal law is modeled after
  _________.
• Answer English system of common law
• In Common Law, the judges tries to make the
  punishment fit the crime by using a _______ or a
  decision in an earlier court case.
• Answer precedent

68
Goal 6

• In a civil case the ______ brings the charges
  against the other party, and must prove damages
  in order to receive a settlement.
• Answer plaintiff
• All citizens have the right to a trial by jury
  according to the ________
• Answer 6th and 7th Amendments.
• ________ is when the government must follow
  certain procedures in the process of arrest and
  trial.
• Answer Due Process

69
Goal 6

• Due Process is guaranteed in the ______.
• Answer 14th Amendment
• ______ means that a person must be told of the
  charges of the arrest, and must be charges within
  48 hours of their custody.
• Answer Habeas Corpus
• _______ means that everyone has the right to a
  trail by jury.
• Answer Bill of Attainder.

70
Goal 6

• ______ means that no law can be retroactive or
  made after the fact that someone did something
  wrong.
• Answer Ex Post Facto
• The _______ allows no self incrimination.
• Answer 5th Amendment
• The ________ allows no cruel or unusual
  punishment.
• Answer 8th Amendment.

71
Goal 6

• _______ is the death penalty.
• Answer Capital Punishment
• At the ______ a plea is entered, a trial date is
  set, and the amount of the bail is decided.
• Answer arraignment
• ______ is money posted to assure appearance in
  court.
• Answer Bail

72
Goal 6

• ______ is an early release from prison.
• Answer Parole.
• _______ provides protection from unreasonable
  searches and seizures.
• Answer 4th Amendment
• A _______ is a pre-trial jury that examines the
  evidence to see whether an indictment is needed.
• Answer Grand Jury.

73
Goal 6

• Examples of enforcement agencies are?
• Answer FBI State Police
• When a jury can not reach a verdict it is called?
• Answer A Hung Jury and a mistrial is declared.
• What is the rule of justice is American
  Courtrooms?
• Answer guilty must be proven beyond a reasonable
  doubt and the defendant is innocent until proven
  guilty.

74
Goal 6

• A disturbance at a urban night club would be
  handled by?
• Answer Local Police.
• Divorce is an example of?
• Answer Civil Case another ex. would be a
  customer slips on a wet floor in a business and
  no wet floor warning signs posted.
• Who has the burden of proof in a criminal case?
• Answer The prosecution or the governments
  lawyer.

75
Goal 6

• The __________ proposed a system of civil law for
  the city of Rome.
• Answer Emperor Justinian (Justin tine Code)
• _______ is needed to secure a search warrant.
• Answer Probable Cause.
• _______ is the right to a speedy trial.
• Answer Due Process

76
Goal 6

• ______ when lawyers cross examine witnesses to
  test their reliability.
• Answer Adversarial System.
• To ______ means to arrange laws systematically.
• Answer Codify Laws.

77
Civics Econ. EOC Review

• Goal 7

78
Goal 7

• What are the four factors of production?
• Answer Land, Labor, Capital, Entrepreneurship.
• An _____ takes risk in money, time, and planning
  to start a business.
• Answer Entrepreneur.
• ___ is the natural resource or materials that
  products are made from.
• Answer Land (most natural resources are scarce
  in supply)

79
Goal 7

• _____ is the tools and machines used in making
  products.
• Answer Capital ( Automation and Technology helps
  this factor).
• ____ is the worker.
• Answer Labor (workers need specialized training
  to increase productivity).
• ____ is the basic economic problem.
• Answer Scarcity ( the more scarce resources are
  the higher the cost).

80
Goal 7

• ______ is what you give up when you make an
  economic choice.
• Answer Opportunity Cost
• To increase productivity entrepreneurs use______.
  
• Answer Division of Labor and Specialization
  (workers trained at specific tasks make them
  experts and speed up productivity).
• What are the four economic system in the world
  today?
• Answer Traditional- economic decisions are based
  on customs and is used in less primitive
  societies. Command System- the govt makes all
  the decisions. Free Market System- decisions are
  made by the interaction between buyer and seller.
  Mixed Economic System- the govt owns major
  industries (nationalization) for the good of the
  people and producers.

81
Goal 7

• Example of a ____ would be the state increasing
  spending on more prisons and not increasing money
  for health care.
• Answer Trade off
• A direct positive influence on productivity would
  be the use of _______.
• Answer New Technology.
• Sewing Machines owned by business is an example
  of a _______.
• Answer Capital Good.

82
Goal 7

• If a product become scare in supply what happens
  to the price?
• Answer the price will increase on that product.
• Investment in human capital (workers) will ______
  
• Answer improve Productivity (job training).
• _______ will cause a decrease in demand for human
  capital.
• Answer Robotics.

83
Civics and Econ.

• EOC Goal 8 Review

84
EOC Goal 8 Review

• ____ is type of economic system used in the US.
• Answer Capitalism or Free Market System.
• Capitalism was developed by _____.
• Answer Adam Smith.
• According to Smith what are the key factors to
  capitalism?
• Answer Laissez faire (no government control of
  business), Self interest (search for profit),
  Free enterprise (right to start your own
  business), Competition (controls prices and
  private ownership of property).

85
EOC Goal 8 Review

• Why does the US government regulates business,
  why?
• Answer for the safety of the workers and
  consumers.
• Capitalism is controlled by the free market
  forces of ______.
• Answer Supply and Demand (surpluses lead to
  lower prices and shortages lead to higher
  prices).
• The _____ states that added more of any one of
  the factors of production will not always lead to
  more productivity.
• Answer Law of Diminishing Return.

86
EOC Goal 8 Review

• ____ happens when prices rise faster than your
  income.
• Answer Inflation
• A ___ is a business owned by one person.
• Answer Sole Proprietorship
• ___ is a business that is owned by two or more
  people.
• Answer Partnership.

87
EOC Goal 8 Review

• ____ is a business that is owned by stockholders.
• Answer Corporation.
• ___ is when workers and management work out
  agreements on working conditions and pay.
  (workers can strike if the company does not met
  their demands).
• Answer Collective Bargaining.
• If a country can produce goods that no other
  country can produce it is said that country has a
  ___.
• Answer Comparative advantage.

88
EOC Goal 8 Review

• ___ are allowed to operate under strict
  government guidelines.
• Answer Public Monopolies.
• The major advantage of a corporation is that ____
  have limited liability.
• Answer Stockholders.

89
EOC Goal 8 Review

• In a capitalistic economic system prices are set
  by the interaction between ___ in a market place.
  
• Answer buyers and sellers.
• A decrease in demand or consumer spending will
  cause what to fall for businesses?
• Answer profits.

90
Civics and Econ.

• EOC Review Goal 9

91
EOC Review Goal 9

• The cost of buying on credit is called?
• Answer interest.
• The ___ protects bank investments up to 100
  thousand dollars.
• Answer FDIC
• ___ occurs when the govt opens up an industry to
  competition to all businesses.
• Answer deregulation.

92
EOC Review Goal 9

• Who regulates interest rates that banks charge?
• Answer Federal Reserve (if the Fed. Raises rates
  then less money is available for consumers. If
  the Fed. Lowers rates consumers will borrow more
  money-cheaper rate).
• ____ refers to the paper and coin money our
  country uses.
• Answer Legal Tender
• What are ways individuals can invest their money
  to make a profit?
• Answer Stocks, Mutual Funds, IRAs (individual
  retirement accounts, CDs (Certificate of
  Deposits).

93
EOC Review Goal 9

• The ___ is the total amount of all goods and
  services produced in the US in a year.
• Answer GDP (Gross Domestic Product)
• What are other ways we measure our economy?
• Answer Unempolyment Rate, CPI (consumer price
  index), Stock Market (Dow-Jones).
• The Business Cycle helps to explain how our
  economy is performing. What are the four phases
  of the Business Cycle?
• Answer expansion, peak, contraction, Recession
  (trough).

94
EOC Review Goal 9

• ___ is used by some US Companies where they send
  jobs to be done in other countries. (causes loss
  of American jobs because jobs can be done for
  cheaper labor).
• Answer Out-sourcing
• ___ was a trade agreement signed by the US, Latin
  American Countries, Canada
• Answer NAFTA (sent many jobs and factories to
  these countries in exchange for cheaper
  products).
• The US has a unfavorable balance of trade with
  China and Japan. What does this mean?
• Answer Import more than we export.

95
EOC Review Goal 9

• The President is responsible for submitting a
  budget to Congress. Who writes the budget?
• Answer OMB (Office of Management and Budget)
  then it is submitted to Congress.
• What are the largest expenditures for our
  national govt?
• Answer Defense and Social Welfare Programs.
• What is a major source of revenue for our
  national govt ?
• Answer Federal Income Taxes.

96
EOC Review Goal 9

• A ___ hurts low income earners the most because
  it taxes people at the same rate of tax.
• Answer regressive tax (ex. Sales tax)
• A ___ tax is based on the ability to pay. The
  rate is based on what you earn.
• Answer progressive tax (income tax)
• A special tax on alcohol and gasoline is called
  ___.
• Answer excise tax

97
EOC Review Goal 9

• In a ___ economy, the govt often est. price
  controls.
• Answer command
• The effect of ____ would cause a decrease in
  consumer spending.
• Answer high unemployment
• Personal checks, debit cards, and currency are
  all equal to ___
• Answer money (credit cards are not)

98
EOC Review Goal 9

• ___ can give incentives such as tax breaks to
  lure new businesses into our community.
• Answer Local governments
• A ___ may cause the government to reduce taxes to
  encourage more consumer spending.
• Answer Recession
• A business owner would consider the following
  elements before he would ___ his business
  increase in population, increase in income
  levels, and how many similar businesses are in
  the area.
• Answer expand

99
EOC Review Goal 9

• ___ on foreign products help to make US products
  more competitive in price.
• Answer Protective Tariff
• A ___ means that two businesses have join
  together to operate as one.
• Answer merger
• During times of ___, the most negative action the
  govt can take is to increase interest rates.
• Answer Inflation

100
EOC Review Goal 9

• The US dollar is often used around the world
  because it is a ___.
• Answer Stable Currency
• The ___ describes the interdependence between
  factories, workers earning an income, and then
  workers spending that income on goods produced by
  factories.
• Answer Circular flow of goods
• The federal Reserve can help fight inflation by
  ___.
• Answer lowering interest rates

101
Civics Econ.

• EOC Review Goal 10

102
EOC Review Goal 10

• ___ is a phrase printed on our money. It means
  out of many one. A violation of this concept
  would be laws that favored segregation.
• Answer E Pluribus Unum
• Most Americans are ___ at birth because their
  parents already are.
• Answer Citizens
• Aliens may gain citizenship thru a process called
  ___
• Answer Naturalization

103
EOC Review Goal 10

• What duties are required by all citizens?
• Answer obey the law, pay taxes, defend the
  nation, serve on a jury, and attend school
• The most important civic responsibility is ___.
• Answer voting
• ___ is a government program that is designed to
  help give minorities and women equal
  opportunities in the job market.
• Answer Affirmative Action

104
EOC Review Goal 10

• The key to the Civil Rights Movement in the US
  was the use of ___.
• Answer non-violent protest
• Volunteering to help in the community helps to
  ___.
• Answer Save Money (ex. Adopt a highway)
• An ___ is a court order to stop an action from
  taking place.
• Answer Injunction

105
Civics Econ.EOC Review

• Important Supreme Court Cases

106
Important Supreme Court Cases

• ______ est. judicial review
• Answer Marbury v. Madison
• ______ est. the national supremacy of federal law
  over state law.
• Answer McCullough v. Maryland
• ______ juveniles have due process rights under
  Juvenile Law.
• Answer In Re Gault

107
Important Supreme Court Cases

• _____ Legalized segregation (separate but equal).
  
• Answer Plessy v. Ferguson
• _____ students can wear black arm bands as
  symbolic expression of speech.
• Answer Tinker v. Des Moines
• ____ limited free speech in time of war.
• Answer Schenck v. US

108
Important Supreme Court Cases

• _____ religious groups have the right to home
  school children.
• Answer Wisconsin v. Yoder
• _____ relocated Japanese- American citizens to
  interment camps during WWII.
• Answer Korematsu v. US
• ____ school officials have the right to censor
  the school newspaper.
• Answer Hazelwood School District v. Kulhmeier

109
Important Supreme Court Cases

• ____ ended govt sponsored segregation. Started
  intergration.
• Answer Brown v. Board of Ed.
• ____ moment of silence for prayer was ruled
  unconstitutional in schools.
• Answer Wallace v. Jaffree
• ____ school officials may search without a search
  warrant.
• Answer New Jersey v. TLO

110
Important Supreme Court Cases

• _____ police must have a search warrant to
  search.
• Answer Mapp v. Ohio
• ____ limited affirmative action programs.
• Answer University of Calif. V. Bakke
• _____ ruled that mandatory Bible reading is
  unconstitutional.
• Answer Abbington School District v. Schempp

111
Important Supreme Court Cases

• _____ President must turn over White House tapes
  to Watergate investigators.
• Answer US v. Nixon
• _____ provided a court appointed lawyer for poor
  people.
• Answer Gideon v. Wainwright
• _____ made abortion legal in the US
• Answer Roe v. Wade
• _____ suspect must be informed of rights at time
  of arrest (questioning).
• Answer Miranda v. Arizona