Conflict Over Religion

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Conflict Over Religion

• Israeli Arab Conflict Others

Not really Palestine conflict ? between arab
states
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Content Page

• Case Study Arab Israeli Conflict
• 4 major wars 1948, 1956, 1967, 1973
• Causes and Consequences of each war
• Peace Establish
• Recent Blows
• Conclusion
• Conflict caused by Religion
• Judaism Vs Islam
• Israel Vs Arab (Muslim Countries)

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Introduction on Conflict caused by Religion

• Used to justify action
• Motivate Masses, garner support
• Hardly ever the integral, underlying reason
  (MAJOR ones)
• Common Reasons
• Property
• Wealth
• Influence
• Power
• Religion for small matters.

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Population 50 folds Territory 650
folds GDP/Capita 18000 vs 3700
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Israeli Palestine Conflict

• Historical Claim over land
• Date back to 1250 BC
• Canaan (Israel)
• Roman 2000 yrs British, Ottoman, Is Chr
• 70AD Jewish Diaspora
• Zionist Project 1920-1930
• Establish national homeland

In charged Mandate
1517-1917
World war 1 (axis)
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Continue

• Britain tried to persuade (1922)
• Live peacefully
• No intention of a complete Jewish State
• Failed to understand the Religious Gulf

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• Holocaust set the scene
• British refused admission
• Fight for national homeland
• Terrorist Campaign British X Superpower
• UN step in

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UN 1947 Partition Plan

• Withdraw troops when fighting 1947.

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Reasons for Conflict

• Sharia Territory, Muslim Threshold
• Failure Increased Hostility
• Arabs claim any state based on Religion is
  immoral - Hypocrites
• Sharia Discrimination X equal
• Inferior in the eyes of God
• 15 Christians ? 2

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Wars of Significance

• War of Independence 1948
• Sinai / Suez War 1956
• 6 Day War 1967
• Yom Kippur War 1973
• If the Arabs (Moslems) put down their weapons
  today there would be no more violence. If the
  Israelis put down their weapons today there would
  be no more Israel.

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Prelude to War

• Israel Independent
• Ben Gurion
• 1948
• Same day
• Jihad
• Attacked it from all sides
• Egypt Syria Jordan Iraq Lebanon

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Outcome of War

• Territorial Loss
• ¾ Palestine ? Israeli
• Reason
• Failed to unite
• Poorly Equipped
• Israeli determined
• Refugee Problem Israeli slaughter entire
  village 1million Fled
• Jerusalem Divided
• Never regard ceasefire as permanent
• Humiliated, Infuriated, Avengeful

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Blame Lies?

• British
• Troops should stayed on
• Partition carried out smoothly
• Jews Letting too few (Pro-Arab)
• Arab Letting too many at first (Pro-Jew)
• USA
• Truman pressurized British 100000 Jews
• Will cause disorder yet nv send troops
• Reject British Morrison Plan
• Pushed UN partition plan (Arab reject)
• Violence result

counter
counter
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Sinai / Suez War 1956

• Blame
• Israel
• Starting War
• Britain France
• Imperialist Tactics
• Accused USA for supporting
• However felt overreacted
• Colonel Nasser
• Anti - Western

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Events

• Nasser, New Egypt Ruler
• Fedayeen Sabotage, Block G.of Aqaba
• Refused to renew contact 1956 Suez Troops
• Help Against France
• Arms Deal Czechoslovakia Russian Communist
• Americans Outraged
• Red Scare
• M.east important position
• Aswan Dam Funding

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• Nationalising Suez Canal
• Liken to Hitler ? must be oppressed
• WW II
• Plans Hatched
• Anglo-American Plan (OMEGA)
• War
• Anthony Eden Pressurised War
• USA pledged support

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The War Outcomes

• UN and world retaliated
• USA withdrew promise
• Red Scare
• Humiliation
• Boost for Nasser Russian Aswan
• Reduced Oil Supplies
• Algerians Independence 1962
• Israel Heavy Damage
• Fedayeen assaults stopped.

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Six Day War 1967

• Egypt, Syria Iraq
• Anti-Israel
• USSR Support
• Move to frontier
• Israel X wait to be defeated
• Destroy Egypt Airforce (5th June)
• Gaza Strip Sinai (10 June) ? Ceasefire
• Reasons for success
• Slow Arab Troops
• Israel Superiority in Air
• Arab inadequate communication

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Repercussions

• Humiliation
• Vicious Cycle
• Lead to Yom Kippur War
• Israel Success
• West Bank
• Gaza Strip

Millions of Arabs
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Yom Kippur War 1973

• Events
• PLO seeked world sympathy ? terrorist attacks
• Eg. Murder 1972 Munich Olympics
• Anwar Sadat ? President Egypt
• Wanted negotiated peace
• USSR or USA but hoped USA
• Persuade Israel to sign peace settlement
• Isolationist Policy
• Egypt Syria attacked
• Draw attention ? USA can be mediators
• Feeling more confident (weapons, training)

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War Outbreak 6 Oct

• During a Jewish Festival
• Catch off guard
• Early Success ? Arabs
• American Weapons saved the day
• Crossed Suez Canal
• USA USSR ordered ceasefire.
• Success for Anwar
• However no peace treaties signed

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Consequences

• Hope for Peace
• Geneva, not same room
• Move troops back, clear canal, but not open to
  Israel
• Inflation energy crisis
• Reduce oil supply to pro-Israel Euro nat.
• Severe oil shortage ? excuse preserving
  resources
• OPEC raised prices.

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Argument Justification - Jeru

• Arguments Basis Religion
• After Suez War, Palestine ? East Jerusalem as
  Capital
• 1) Capital City
• 3300 yrs, always Israel Cap
• Nv any arab cap, arab leaders nv visit
• 2) Religious Text
• Jewish Bible mentioned 669 times
• Koran / Palestinian Covent 0
• 3)Founding Members
• King David Est. Jerusalem as Cap
• Mohammad never came to Jerusalem

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Muslims in Israel

• Housing and Employment Dis.
• Require prior Military Service
• Brutal Behavior of Troops

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Peace Talks 1978-79

• Reasons
• Sadat ? Israel X destroyed by force
• Fruitless Wars
• Wasting Resources
• Economic Problem
• Israel Expenditure ? defense
• President Carter ? Camp David

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Camp David Accord

• The state of war btw Egypt and Israeli over
• Israel withdraw troops frm Sinai
• Egypt promised X to attack Israel supply oil
• Israel Ship can use Suez Canal

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Aftermath of Treaty

• PLO rejection
• Begin annouced X return Golan Heights to Syria
  for Peace Treaty
• Assasination of Sadat
• Eventually, less aggressive government elected
• Peace talks with PLO contd
• Preserved ? 1996 gd results

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Oslo Peace Accord Sep 1993

• 1st major breakthrough
• Norwegian Gd both sides
• Israel recognised PLO
• PLO recognised Israel X terrorism
• Palestinian on West Bank and Gaza Strip limited
  self-rule
• Troops Pulled out
• 1995 ? fully withdraw troops
• Brink of Peace ? What happened?
• Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine
  ? 2002 Dec 21

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Will there ever be Peace ?

• Israel Palestinian
• I wanted to find a way to make clear to the
  Israeli people that the Arabs don't reject or
  despise them. But the Arab people do reject what
  their leadership is now doing to the
  Palestinians, which is inhumane and oppressive.
  Crown Prince S.A.
• Camp David 2000 Bill Clinton
• - Crumbled Arafat Terrorist
• 2005 Road Map Peace Plan -gt Bush
• April 2003
• No Success for a year
• 1st Cease Fire
• Only can achieve by the end of violence and
  terrorism

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