Environmental Management Systems The ISO 14001 Approach

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Environmental Management SystemsThe ISO 14001
Approach

• N.C. Health Physics Society
• Boone, NC October 19, 2001 Julie
  Woosley
• EMS Development Course
• for Government Agencies,
• Project Coordinator NC DPPEA

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What is an EMS?

• Systematic way of managing an organizations
  environmental affairs
• Based on Plan-Do-Check-Act Model (PDCA)
• Focused on Continual Improvement of system
• Addresses immediate and long-term impact of an
  organizations products, services and processes
  on the environment.
• A tool to improve environmental performance

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Some EMS Models

• ISO 14001
• Metal Finishers
• National Biosolids Partnership
• Project XL with the United Egg Producers
• Agriculture EMS models (livestock, soybean)
• SGIA model
• Federal facility models (CEMP, DOE guide)
• Compliance-focused EMS (CFEMS)
• Commission for Env. Cooperation (CEC guide)

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EMS Model
Based on the P-D-C-A Model,
Plan-Do-Check-Act
Policy
Planning
Management Review
Implementation
Checking Corrective Action
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Why Implement an EMS?To get your environmental
ducks in a row!

• Struggling to stay in compliance and keep track
  of regulations/laws
• Environmental management just one of many
  responsibilities
• Establish a framework to move beyond compliance
• Vehicle for positive change improved employee
  morale, enhanced public image
• Employee turnover

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Why Implement an EMS ?More reasons

• Helps to identify the causes of environmental
  problems.
• better to make a product right the first time
• cheaper to prevent a spill or other accident
• cost effective to prevent pollution
• Trade and competitive issues
• Inconsistency in environmental regulation and
  enforcement
• Many individual parts may already
• be in place just need to unify under
• the EMS umbrella!

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ISO 14000 A series of standards

• Created by the International Organization of
  Standardization, a non-governmental organization
  (NGO) established in 1947, located in Switzerland
  (see handout for more info)
• ISO is not an acronym - from the Greek iso,
  meaning
• equal (as in isothermal)
• ISO is a worldwide federation of national
  standards bodies from over 100 countries
  American National Standards Institute (ANSI) is
  US representative
• They have created many standards ISO 9000, film
  speeds

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ISO 14000 Family

• A series of guidance documents and standards to
  help organizations address environmental issues.
  Ones below deal with EMS.
• 14001 Environmental Management Systems
• 14004 EMS general guidelines
• 14010 Guidelines for Environmental Auditing
• 14011 Guidelines for Auditing of an EMS
• 14012 Auditing - Qualification criteria

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To Whom Do the Standards Apply?

• Standard is Voluntary
• Large and Small Business Industry
• Service Sectors (hospitals, hotels, etc.)
• City and County Government
• Applicable to all types of organizations, of all
  sizes anywhere in the world

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Becoming ISO 14001 certified

• ISO 14001 is the only certification standard
• Registration body examines EMS for conformity to
  the ISO 14001 standard
• Not a compliance audit, an EMS audit
• Facility awarded registration
• Does NOT mean that products are more
  environmentally friendly
• Does mean have a documented EMS that is fully
  implemented and consistently followed

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External Drivers for ISO 14001?

• Suppliers encouraged to consider an EMS
• by
• IBM
• Xerox (30,000)
• Bristol-Myers Squibb (15,000)
• Ford and GM
• Toyota- choice of 3
• MPM, Others??
• Approx. 271,000 ISO 9000 certifications worldwide
  (est. 380 NC certifications)

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World Picture

• 30,303 ISO 14001 cert. in world as of 6/01
• 1,480 ISO 14001 cert. in US as of 6/01
• 54 companies known certified in NC, and one
  municipality
• US is 5th in number of certifications behind
  Japan (6,648), the UK (2,500), Germany (2,400),
  and Sweden (1,911)

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EMSs and the Federal Government

• Published Federal Register notice 3/12/98
• EPA Aiming for Excellence Report Sept. 99 part
  of Draft EMS Action Plan http//www.epa.gov/ems
• Clinton signed Executive Order 4/00 requiring
  federal facilities to have an EMS by 2005
• EPA Performance Track June 2000 requires an EMS
• Office of Water funded pilot efforts in 10
  states, pilot program with governments, pilot
  with Biosolids Assoc.
• New MPM (Metal Products and Machinery) Effluent
  Guidelines final rule may include EMS-based
  exemptions (P2 option)
• EMS and Enforcement

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N.C. EMS Related Activities

• NC DENR EMS policy Aug. 1999
• State Regulatory Innovation legislation
• Sector-based EMSs (paper industry,
  screen-printing, metal finishing, furniture) see
  http//www.p2pays.org/iso/sector
• EMS Development Course for Government Agencies
• EMS Pilot Project with Pork Producers

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Multi-State Working Group

• Many states (founding states are AZ, CA, IL, MA,
  MN, NC, OR, PA, TX, WI)
• EPA, NGOs, National Institute of Standards
  Technology, CI2, CMA
• Implemented pilot projects with industry
• Goal To understand and communicate the value of
  ISO 14000 in meeting public policy goals.

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• What does ISO 14001 Say?

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17 Requirements in ISO 14001
Env. Policy 4.2 Document control 4.4.5
Env. Aspects 4.3.1 Operational control 4.4.6
Legal and other req. 4.3.2 Emergency preparedness and response 4.4.7
Obj. and targets 4.3.3 Monitoring and measurement 4.5.1
Env. Mgmt. Program 4.3.4 Corrective/preventive action 4.5.2
Structure and Responsibility 4.4.1 Records 4.5.3
Training, awareness, and competence 4.4.2 EMS audit 4.5.4
Communication 4.4.3 Management Review 4.6
EMS documentation 4.4.4
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ISO 14001 Key Elements

• Policy Statement
• Identification of Significant Environmental
  Impacts
• Development of Objectives and Targets
• Implementation Plan to Meet Obj. and Targets
• Training
• Management
• Review
• How you meet the elements is up to you

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EMS Model
Based on the P-D-C-A Model,
Plan-Do-Check-Act
Policy
Planning
Management Review
Implementation
Checking Corrective Action
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ISO 14001 Policy Statement (4.2)

• Managements declaration of commitment to the
  environment.
• Policy Statement
• 3 Main Elements (Big 3)
• Commitment to Compliance
• Commitment to Prevention of Pollution, and
• Commitment to Continual Improvement
• Broader definition of pollution prevention
• Available to Interested Parties

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EMS Policy Statement

• Must be appropriate to the nature, scale and
  environmental impacts of the organizations
  activities, products or services
• Provides a framework for setting and reviewing
  objectives and targets
• Way of communicating environmental mission
  internally and externally
• Broader definition of pollution prevention than
  EPAs not just source reduction,
• but also recycling, treatment,
• disposal, and material substitution

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HOW TWO N.C. COMPANIES COMMUNICATED THEIR POLICY
STATEMENT TO EMPLOYEES
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Aspects and Impacts (4.3.1)

• An organization evaluates and addresses its own
  significant aspects, including non-regulated
  aspects
• May be positive or negative
• Think from the fenceline
• Aspect Cause or Input Element of an
  organizations activities, products, or services
  which can interact with the environment
• Impact Effect or Output Any change to the
  environment, whether adverse or beneficial,
  resulting from an organizations activities,
  products, or services

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Aspects and Impacts

• Consider
• Air emissions
• Solid/hazardous waste
• Water effluents
• Contamination of land
• Noise, vibration and odor
• Land use, energy use, water use
• Raw material and resource use
• Positive environmental issues
• Example
• Aspect - Radioactive material
• Impact Transportation and storage issues
• Environmental contamination

Not just regulated issues!
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Marine Corps ISO 14001 Pilot Project
Environmental Aspects
Encampment
Input (raw material and labor)
Conservation
Lead Responsibility - Fish and Wildlife Division,
Compliance Division, and Planning Division
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Ranking/Significance Scoring

• Consider
• Environmental Concerns
• Regulatory/legal exposure health/env. risks
  conservation
• Business Concerns
• Effect on the public image community concerns
• Cost savings cost recovery period
  equipment/facility
• Other issues
• Scale, duration, and zone of impact
• Probability of occurrence - frequent, likely,
  possible,
• rarely, unlikely
• Severity of impact - catastrophic, severe,
  moderate, minor

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Example Significance Matrix
Activity, Product, Service Aspect Impact Legal Liability Public Concern Frequency Severity OSR Significance (OSRgt2.5)
Dissolve Mineral Ore Water use Resource depletion 1 3 2 1 1.75 No
Natural Gas Use Resource depletion 1 1 2 2 1.50 No
Natural Gas Use Air pollution (Nox) 1 2 2 1 1.50 No
Use of Strong Acids Spills to land or water 3 2 3 3 2.75 Yes
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Marine Corps ISO 14001 Pilot Project
Scoring Guide for Ranking Significance Environment
al Planning Division
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Legal and Other Environmental Requirements
(4.3.2)

• Setting legal framework for the EMS
• have a procedure to identify and access the legal
  requirements state, federal, local
• have a documented system for keeping up-to-date
• communicate to the right people
• Industry-specific requirements
• CMA Responsible Care
• Intl.Chamber of Commerce (ICC) Charter
• Other voluntary requirements
• EPA ClimateWise, WasteWise, 33/50 Program
• Green Seal

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Planning (4.3)
Review policy
Determine significant impacts
Establish obj./target
Determine legal/ other rqmts.
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Objectives Targets (4.3.3)

• The organization shall establish and maintain
  documented environmental objectives and targets.
• Can include commitment to
• reduce waste
• reduce or eliminate release of pollutant
• design product to minimize environmental impact
  in production, use, and disposal.
• Be realistic. Keep objectives simple, flexible,
  and measurable.

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OBJECTIVES TARGETS

• Reduce generation of hazardous waste
• Improve indoor air quality by reducing solvent
  odors
• Prevent spills
• Reduce electrical use

• Reduce spent solvent by 80 by 01/2002
• Reduce emissions by 90 by 05/2002
• Max. of 2 /yr. by 2003
• Reduce electricity use by 10 by 08/2002

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Planning
Review policy
Develop Env. Mgmt. program
Determine significant impacts
Establish obj./target
Determine legal/ other rqmts.
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Env. Mgmt. Program

• Plan Switch to aqueous cleaning process
• Action- Substitute water based cleaning process
  for vapor degreasing process
• Responsibilities - Process Engineering
• Schedule - Bench top trials - 2 months
  (date)Full scale pilot - 3 months
  (date)Implementation period - 1 month (date)
• Resources needed - 1 FTE for 4 months -
  Est. Budget 12,000

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Implementation (4.4)

• Structure/responsibility (4.4.1)
• Training, awareness, competence (4.4.2)
• Communication (internal/external) (4.4.3)
• Env. Mgmt. System Documentation (4.4.4)
• Document control (4.4.5)
• Operational control (4.4.6)
• Emergency preparedness
• and response (4.4.7)
• Sections overlap For example, 4.4.2 and 4.4.6
  require that employees have info. on EMS as well
  as knowledge of environmental impacts from
  operations and activities

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(4.4.2) Training Ex. Training Matrix
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(4.4.5) Document Control Ex. Matrix
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Checking/Corrective Action (4.5)
Monitoring and Measuring (4.5.1)
Non-conformance and Corrective/Preventive Action
Records (4.5.3)
(4.5.2)
EMS Auditing (4.5.4)
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(4.5.1) Monitoring and Measuring

• The organization shall establish and maintain
  documented procedures to monitor and measure ...
  the key characteristics of its operations that
  can have a significant impact on the environment.
• Track how well the system is working
• Measure the key characteristics of those
  activities that can have significant impacts
• Analyze the root causes of problems

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(4.5.2) Non Conformance and Corrective and
Preventive Action

• Develop procedure for investigating, correcting,
  and preventing system deficiencies
• Set up process for assigning responsibilities for
  and tracking completion of corrective action
• Set up process to revise EMS procedures based on
  corrective actions

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(4.5.3) Records

• The organization shall establish and maintain
  procedures for the identification, maintenance
  and disposition of environmental records
• Include - training records, audits, management
  reviews

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(4.5.4) EMS Auditing

• Develop internal EMS audit program
• Are all EMS requirements met?
• (Are we meeting the standard?)
• Is the system working?
• (Are we doing what we said we would?)
• Determine audit frequency and procedures train
  auditors keep records of audits, findings, and
  follow up actions

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EMS Model (Plan-Do-Check-Act)
Policy
Planning
Management Review
Implementation
Checking Corrective Action
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(4.6) Management Review

• Reviews EMS to ensure its continuing suitability,
  adequacy and effectiveness
• Reviews process to ensure necessary information
  is collected for evaluation
• Review must be documented
• Consider changes to
• policy
• objectives
• other EMS elements

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Thoughts on Going for ISO 14001

• Attend an overview class (need a champion, know
  whats coming)
• Start with gap analysis or road map
• 6-18 months to design and fully implement
• Work in teams or task groups
• Staff resources
• Incorporate Health and Safety?
• Level of Involvement of Suppliers/Contractors
• Training (internal/lead auditor, overview)
• Using an accredited trainer/registrar

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For More Information

• DPPEA offers free on-site EMS assistance and
  training
• DPPEA EMS web site http//www.p2pays.org/iso/
• Julie Woosley Beth Graves,
• EMS Gov. Project Coor. EMS Project Coor.
• 919-715-6527 or 800-763-0136 [phone]
• Julie.Woosley_at_ncmail.net Beth.Graves_at_ncmail.net
• Barb Satler, EMS and Pork Producer Coor.
• [phone], barb.satler_at_ncmail.net