Immune system

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Immune system

• Chp. 16 (pp. 323-350)
• 20,000 genes affect immunity, usually polygenic
  or multifactorial traits

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Major Structures-

• Lymphocyte (produce by spleen)
• - one kind of white blood cell
• - T-cell and B-cell
• Lymph vessels
• Lymph nodes
• White blood cells
• Spleen
• Skin

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Function of the system

• The immune system is the system of specialized
  cells and organs that protect an organism from
  outside biological influences
• Defends against pathogens and disease

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• Cell surfaces used to recognize foreign or
  nonself surfaces
• initiate immune response
• Autoimmune- immune system attacks individuals own
  tissues or organs
• Genes encode for
• antibodies are proteins which attack foreign
  molecules
• cytokines are biochemicals which attack foreign
  molecules
• antigens molecules that cause an immune response

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• Lymph nodes

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• Spleen

• Store blood
• Kill old RBC
• Produce lymphocyte

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• AIDS
• HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) infection
  will lead to immune system collapse
• HIV usually invades helper T cell, which begin
  to produce HIV soon after infection.
• Helper T cell die, the
• immune system gradually weakens
• becomes overwhelmed by pathogens that would
  normally detect and destroy.

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Diseases associated with that system

• Graves disease
• Multiple sclerosis
• Rheumatoid arthritis
• Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
• - facial skin rash, painful joints, fever,
  fatigue, kidney problem, weight loss
• Type I diabetes

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One interesting fact

• Allergy is the bodys overreaction to a normally
  harmless antigen
• Allergy- causing antigens include pollen, spores,
  foods, drugs, and dust mites.
• Allergies are caused by our immune system
  protecting us too much!!!!!!!!!