???(Probiotics)VS. ???(Prebiotics)

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? ? ? ??????????????
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???(Probiotics)VS. ???(Prebiotics)

• ???---?????????????,??????????????,???????????????
  ??????A?B?,?????????,?????????????

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?????(prebiotics,??????)

• ??????????????????,????? ?????????
• ?????????????????????,?????,??????????,??????,????
  ????

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???????

• ??????????????????????,???????????,???????????????
  ????(?)??????????????,????????,???????????,??????

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??????????????

• ???????????????????,???????????????,??????????????
  
• ?????????????????????,??????????????????,?????????
  ?,??????IgA??,???????
• ??????????????????,?????

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?????????????

• ?????????????T???,???????????????(??Th1?Th2),?????
  ???????,????????????,?Th2?????,???????????????????
  ???????Th2,?????????????Th1/Th2?????

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Probiotic

• Probiotic????1908????????,????????Elie
  Metchnikoff ??????????????????,?????????????????,
  ?????????

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PREBIOTICS

• ?? ??????,????,????????? ????????????,??????????
  ??????????
• ??????? ???????lactobacilli?bifidobacteri???,?????
  ??????
• ??????????????????????
• ????????????????????
• ????????????????????????

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??????????

• ????????????????,???????????prebiotic,????????????
  ????????Prebiotic??????????????????????,???????,??
  ,??,??????

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???????????

• ? ) ??????? (short-chain fatty acid) ???? ? )
  ????? ? ) ???????,???? ? ) ??????
• ?????????????????????????????

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???

• ?????????????????????????,??????????????????
• ???????????????,?????(Escherichia
  coli)?????(Staphylococcus aureus)?
• ????????????????,???????????(lactic acid
  bacteria, LAB)

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Lactic acid bacteria

• Lactic acid bacteria are a group of related
  bacteria that produce lactic acid as a result of
  carbohydrate fermentation.
• These microbes are broadly used by us in the
  production of fermented food products, such as
  yogurt.

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???

• ??????????????,??????(Pseudomonas)???(Fungus),????
  ?,??????,????????????????,???????,?????????????
• ???????????,???????

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????

• ??????????????????????,??????????,??????????????,?
  ??????
• ?????????????,?????????,????????,????????,????????
  ?,?????????????,???????

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???

• ?????(probiotics)???????(???)??????????????????
• ?????????????????,?????????????
• ????????,????????????????????????

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??????

• ????????,??????????????????????????,??????????????
  ?????,??????????????
• ??????--?????(1845-1916)?????????,?????????,??????
  ????????,????????????????

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??????

• ???????????????,????????????????,??????,??????????
  ,????,????????????????

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??????

• ??????????
• ????????? ????????????
• ?????????????????????
• ??????????,??????????????????????(bacteriocin)???
  ????

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????

• ???????????????,?????????????????,??????????
• ??????????,?????????,????????????????????????,????
  ????????,???????????
• 1908??????????????----?????????

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?????????????

• ?????????????????????,?????????????????,??????????
  
• ???????????????,????????????,??????????,??????????
  ?

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????????

• ?????????????????????????
• ????????,???????????????,??????????????,??????????
  ?????????????

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?????A????B??

• ??????????,?????A????B?????
• ???????????????,?????????????,????????????????,??
  ?????????

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B?---?????

• ???????????????,????????????????????,??????????,??
  ??????????,???????????
• ??????????????????,????B??,???????(Bifido
  bacterium bifidum)??????????????

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?A??--???????

• ?????????A??--???????(Lactobacillus
  acidophilus),??B??
• ?????????,????????,?????????,?????????????,???????
  ????????,????????,??????????????,??????????????

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????????

• ??????????????????????????????,?????????????,?????
  ???,?????????

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?????

• 1949?,??????????????????????????????(Lactobacillus
  sporogenesis)??
• ?????????????????????????(endospore),???????????
  

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???????????

• ????????????????,???????,?????????????????????????
  ?,??????????,???????

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??????????

• ??????????????????,????????,????????????,?????????
  ?????????,????????????????????????,???????????????
  

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???????

• ?????????????????????????,????????????????????????
  ???????????,?????????????????????,????????????????
  ???,??????????,???????????????????,????????

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????????????

• ?????????????????????
• ???????????????,????????,??????????????????

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???????????

• ?????????????????????????????,??????,??????????

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?????????????

• ????????????????,????????????????,????????????,???
  ?????,?????????????????????,??,????????,??????????
  ???
• ???????????????????,????????????????

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??????????????

• ??????????????,??????????,???????????????,????????
  ???????,???????????,???????????????
• ???????????????,???????????,??????????,??????????
  

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(No Transcript)
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????????????

• ?????????,???????????????
• ??????????????,????????,?????,?????????,??????????
  

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??????.---1

• ????????????? 1.???????????????????????,????
  ?,???????????????? 2.????????????????,?????????
  ????,?????

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??????.---2

• 3.????????????,??????????,?????????
  4.????????????,???????????????,???,????,???????,?
  ???,?????????????????,??????????(????)?

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????????????
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???????...
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??

• ???????????????????????????????(biologicalcatalyst
  ),????????????????????,????????????(??????????????
  )????
• ??????????????(substrate)???????????????(activity)
  ???,??????????????

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??????????

• 1. ????-????
• 2. ????-?????
• 3. ????-?????
• 4.????-????
• ??????????????????????? ????????,??????????????

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??

• ????????,????????????????????,????????????,???????
  ?,?????????????????????????????,?????????????????
  ?????????
• ????,???????????????,??????????,???????????????,??
  ??????,??????,??????

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???????

• ??????????????????????????????,???????????????????
  ???

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???????????

• ???????????????????,??????????????????,???????????
  ??,???????

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Lactic acid Bacteria

• Stable phase where pH has dropped to 4.5 or.
  lower
• can be kept for long ...
• Fermentation phase bacteria grow, using plant
  sugars. to produce lactic and acetic acid
• Lactic acid bacteria are the primary group of
  organisms involved in sauerkraut fermentation.

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Lactic acid bacteria

• Lactic acid fermentation, initiated by lactic
  acid bacteria resident in the wine. ... The
  growth of malo-lactic bacteria also contributes
  to the taste of the wine.
• Lactic acid bacteria associated with the spoilage
  of fish products.

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Lactic acid bacteria

• Lactic acid bacteria have been used to ferment or
  culture foods for at least 4000 years.
• They are used in particular in fermented milk
  products from all over the world, including
  yoghurt, cheese, butter, buttermilk, kefir, wine,
  sauerkraut and koumiss.