Introduction to San Bernardino County Fire Department

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Introduction to San Bernardino County Fire
Departments Urban Search Rescue Program
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Urban Search and Rescue (also known as USR or
Technical Rescue) Defined

• Incidents where specialized training and
  equipment are required to mitigate technical
  rescue operations in the safest and most
  efficient manner possible.

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USR Incidents

• Acts of Terrorism
• Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD)
• Chemical
• Biological
• Radiological
• Nuclear
• Explosive
• (CBRNE)

• Natural Disasters
• Earthquakes
• Floods
• Hurricanes
• Tornados
• Avalanches
• Land Slides

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USR Incidents (continued)

• Mass Transportation Accidents
• Accidental Explosions
• Construction Failures

• Swift Water/Flood Incidents
• Trench/Excavation Collapse Incidents
• Confined Space Incidents
• Technical Rope Rescue

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EARTHQUAKES
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RAIN FLOODS
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Swiftwater Rescue Incidents
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HURRICANES
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TORNADOES
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TRENCH LANDSLIDES
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AVALANCHES
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ACTS of TERRORISM
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TRANSPORTATION ACCIDENTS
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CONFINED SPACE INCIDENTS
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USR Resource Types

• Response to USR incidents is accomplished in a
  tiered fashion drawing from a variety of
  resources.
• USR resources are categorized or Typed by
  their capability.
• Lets look at some examples.

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USR Resource Types

• USR Companies
• Trained personnel, equipment, and transportation
  (3 6 personnel).
• USR Crews
• Trained personnel that respond without equipment
  (3 6 personnel).
• Augment or supplant USR Companies.
• USR Companies and Crews operate at one of the
  following response capabilities
• Basic, Light, Medium, or Heavy

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USR Type 4 (Basic) Operational Level

• Type 4 (Basic) Operational Level represents the
  minimum capability to conduct safe and effective
  search and rescue operations at
• Incidents involving non-structural entrapment in
  non-collapsed structures

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Type 4 (Basic) Capabilities Required
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Type 4 (Basic) Level Equipment
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USR Type 3 (Light) Operational Level

• Type 3 (Light) Operational Level represents the
  minimum capability to conduct safe and effective
  search and rescue operations at
• Structure collapse incidents involving the
  collapse and failure of Light Frame Construction
  and low angle and vertical rope rescue

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Type 3 (Light) Capabilities Required
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Type 3 (Light) Level Equipment
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USR Type 2 (Medium) Operational Level

• Type 2 (Medium) Operational Level represents the
  minimum capability to conduct safe and effective
  search and rescue operations at
• Structure collapse incidents involving the
  collapse and failure of Heavy Wall construction,
  high angle rope rescue (excluding highline
  systems), confined space rescue (no permit
  required), and trench and excavation rescue

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Type 2 (Medium) Capabilities Required
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Type 2 (Medium) Level Equipment
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USR Type 1 (Heavy) Operational Level

• Type 1 (Heavy) Operational Level represents the
  minimum capability to conduct safe and effective
  search and rescue operations at
• Structure collapse incidents involving the
  collapse and failure of Heavy Floor, Pre-cast
  Concrete and Steel Frame construction, high angle
  rope rescue (including highline systems),
  confined space rescue (permit required), and mass
  transportation rescue

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Type 1 (Heavy) Capabilities Required
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Type 1 (Heavy) Capabilities Required
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Type 1 (Heavy) Level Equipment
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Additional USR Resources

• OES Regional USR Task Forces
• 29 trained personnel 750,000 - 1M of
  equipment.
• FEMA State/National USR Task Forces
• 70 trained personnel 2M - 3M of equipment.

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Regional USR Task Forces are Local and State
Resources. They cannot be deployed inter-state or
internationally.
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Regional USR Task Forces

• Currently there are 9 Regional USR Task Forces
  in California.
• San Bernardino County Fire Department is the
  proud host of California Regional USR Task Force
  6 (CA-RTF-6).
• We also have four Type 1 Heavy Rescue Companies,
  six Type 3 Light Rescue Companies, and over
  eighty trained USR personnel.

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State/National USR Task Forces can be deployed
inter-state and some can deploy internationally
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State / National USR Task Forces

• There are 28 State / National USR Task Forces
  nation-wide.
• 8 of them are in California
• The last team to be added to the system was in
  the late 1990s.
• FEMA has indicated that no new teams will be
  added to the system in the foreseeable future.

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Reflex Time for Deployment

• State National USR Task Forces have a
  pre-determined reflex time of 6 hours to their
  point of assembly or departure (usually an
  airport).
• Regional USR Task Forces have a pre-determined
  reflex time of 45 minutes to their point of
  assembly or departure (a staging area or the site
  of an emergency).

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Additional USR Resources

• USR Search Dogs
• Structural Engineers
• Technical Specialists
• Heavy Equipment

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USR Search Dog and Handler
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Structural Engineers
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Heavy Equipment
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Benefit to our Local Community

• Safe, effective, and timely delivery of technical
  rescue services to the citizens of San Bernardino
  County.
• The following slides show a variety of Technical
  Rescue responses in County Fires response area.

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Victim Entrapment Survivalfor Structural Collapse
Of the victims that survive the initial event

• 30 minutes later 91 survive
• 1 day 81
• 2 days 36.7
• 3 days 33.7
• 4 days 19
• 5 days 7.4