Fig. 8-1b

1
Fig. 8-1b
Sexual reproduction the mixing of two parents
genetic information (cell fusion)
Asexual reproduction the exact copying of one
parents genetic information (cell division)
2
Figure 8.2A_s1
Plasma membrane
Prokaryotic chromosome
Cell wall
Duplication of the chromosome and separation of
the copies
1
Binary fission in prokaryotes produces
genetically identical offspring, a process called
cloning
3
Figure 8.2A_s2
Plasma membrane
Prokaryotic chromosome
Cell wall
Duplication of the chromosome and separation of
the copies
1
Continued elongation of the cell and movement of
the copies
2
4
Figure 8.2A_s3
Plasma membrane
Prokaryotic chromosome
Cell wall
Duplication of the chromosome and separation of
the copies
1
Continued elongation of the cell and movement of
the copies
2
Division into two daughter cells
3
5
Fig. 8-11a
Mitosis in eukaryotes produces genetically
identical offspring, a process called cloning
6
Fig. 8-4bc
Sister chromatids
Chromosome duplication
Sister chromatids
Centromere
Chromosome distribution to daughter cells
7
Figure 8.3B
Chromosomes
DNA molecules
Sister chromatids
Chromosome duplication
Sister chromatids
Centromere
Chromosome distribution to the daughter cells
8
Figure 8.UN01 and 8.4
S
G1
(DNA synthesis)
Genetically identical daughter cells
M
Cytokinesis
G2
Mitosis
Cytokinesis (division of the cytoplasm)
Mitosis (division of the nucleus)
9
Figure 8.5_1
MITOSIS
INTERPHASE
Prometaphase
Prophase
Centrosomes (with centriole pairs)
Fragments of the nuclear envelope
Early mitotic spindle
Kinetochore
Centrosome
Centrioles
Chromatin
Centromere
Nuclear envelope
Chromosome, consisting of two sister chromatids
Plasma membrane
Spindle microtubules
10
Figure 8.5_5
MITOSIS
Anaphase
Telophase and Cytokinesis
Metaphase
Metaphase plate
Cleavage furrow
Nuclear envelope forming
Mitotic spindle
Daughter chromosomes
11
Figure 8.6
Animal cells grow first and then
divide. Plant cells divide first and
then grow
12
Figure 8.7
Cell growth depends on signals in various forms
Growing cells in petridishes requires growth
factors
Density-dependent inhibition
13
Figure 8.8B
EXTRACELLULAR FLUID
Plasma membrane
Growth factor
Relay proteins
G1 checkpoint
Receptor protein
Signal transduction pathway
S
G1
Control system
M
G2
CYTOPLASM