?12? Windows 2000????

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?12? Windows 2000????

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Title: 12 Windows 2000 Author: ChenYu Last modified by: Pai Created Date: 4/26/2005 12:25:53 PM Document presentation format: – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: ?12? Windows 2000????

1
?12? Windows 2000????

??????
? ?Windows 2000??????????????NetBEUI???NWLink???TC
P/IP???,?????????????
? DHCP???????IP???????TCP/IP???????????DHCP??????
??????????????????
? WINS?Windows Internet????,????????IP???????????
?WINS?????????????????????????????????????????????
????

2
?12? Windows 2000????

? DNS(Domain Name System)????TCP/IP??????????????
IP????????????DNS?????????????????????????????????
??????
? Windows 2000???????WBT,?Windows 2000
Server/Advanced Server?????????,??????Windows?????
??????,???????????,??????????????????????????????,
?????????

3
?12? Windows 2000????

12.1 Windows 2000??????
12.2 DHCP??
12.3 WINS??
12.4 DNS??
12.5 ????
? ?

4
12.1 Windows 2000??????

??,?Windows 2000????????????NetBEUI?NWLink?TCP/IP?
??.
12.1.1 NetBEUI??
NetBEUI(NetBIOS Extended User Interface,??????)???
IBM?1985?????,????OS/2?LANManager?????????
IBM???NetBEUI?????????????????,????200????????????
?NetBEUI???????????,????????,?????????????????????
????,NetBEUI??????????????????????

5
12.1 Windows 2000??????

12.1.2 NWLink??
1.??
IPX/SPX????Novell NetWare????????????????????,????
TCP/IP?????TCP???IP?????
IPX?????OSI????????,?????????????????????????IPX??
??????,???????????SPX?????OSI??????,??IPX?????????
?????????SPX????????????,???????????

6
12.1 Windows 2000??????

NWLink??????Novell NetWare???IPX/SPX????????Window
s 2000?,IPX????????Windows 2000?????????Novell
NetWare???????????????IPX/SPX?????????????,???????
??NWLink????????
NWLink????????????NetBEUI??????TCP/IP?????????????
???
2.?????
?Windows 2000?,??????????????NWLink???

7
12.1 Windows 2000??????

? ????????????????????????,????????,??????,???
????????????,??????????????,????12.1???????

?12.1 ???????????
8
12.1 Windows 2000??????

? ??????????????????,??????,????12.2????????
?NWLinkIPX/SPX/NetBIOS Compatible Transport
Protocol??,???????????

?12.2 ?????????
9
12.1 Windows 2000??????

12.1.3 TCP/IP??
TCP/IP???Internet?????,???????,???????????????,???
?TCP???IP???UDP???ARP???RARP???ICMP???,???TCP/IP??
?
1.??TCP/IP??
? ????????????????????????,????????,??????,???
????????????,???????????????
? ??????????????????,??????,??Internet??(TC
P/IP)??,???????????

10
12.1 Windows 2000??????

2.??TCP/IP??
TCP/IP???????????????,????????????????????TCP/IP??
??????IP???????(?????????),????????????IP?????????
????DNS?????????????????IP??????????????IP???10.8
.10.111,?????255.255.255.0,?????10.8.10.1,DNS
????10.8.10.244,?2?IP???192.168.1.99????IP????
????

11
12.1 Windows 2000??????

? ?????????????????,???????????????,?????????
???,????????,???????????,??????,??Internet
??(TCP/IP)?????,??12.6??,???????IP??,?IP?????
?10.8.10.111,????????255.255.255.0,????????10.
8.10.1,??DNS???????10.8.10.244?

12
12.1 Windows 2000??????

?12.6 Internet??(TCP/IP)????? ?12.7
??TCP/IP?????
13
12.1 Windows 2000??????

? ??????,????TCP/IP?????,??IP????,??12.7??,?
?????,??TCP/IP?????,???????2?IP??192.168.1.99
,????255.255.255.0,??12.8????????????,?????

?12.8 TCP/IP?????
14
12.1 Windows 2000??????

3.TCP/IP???????
????????
? arp?Windows 2000??????????????ARP(??????)??????
???????????
? hostname?????????????????
? ipconfig??????????TCP/IP???????,?????????
? nbtstat????????????NET(NetBIOS over
TCP/IP)??TCP/IP??????????????

15
12.1 Windows 2000??????

? netstat??????????????????TCP/IP????????
? nslookup?????????DNS???????
? ping???TCP/IP??????????????????????,?????TCP/IP
???????,???????????????
? route???????IP??????????????
? tracert????????????????????

16
12.2 DHCP??

12.2.1 DHCP??
1.DHCP????
DHCP?Dynamic Host Configuration
Protocol???,????????????,????????IP???????TCP/IP??
???
???TCP/IP??????,?????????????????IP???IP?????????,
???????,???IP????????DHCP???????,???IP???
???DHCP?,?????????NT???????DHCP??,?????DHCP???????
???????DHCP??IP???????????????IP???,????IP??????,?
????????IP??????????,??????IP????????????????12.9?
??????DHCP??????

17
12.2 DHCP??
DHCP???
IP?????
????
DHCP???
?12.9 DHCP?????
18
12.2 DHCP??

2.DHCP??
?DHCP?????????????
? ???
? ?????
? ????
? ???
? ??
? ??
? ????
? ????

19
12.2 DHCP??

12.2.2 DHCP?????
1.DHCP?????
???DHCP?????????????,?????????????TCP/IP????,???IP
??????????DHCP????DHCP?????????TCP/IP?????TCP/IP??
??????DHCP????DHCP?????????TCP/IP????????????,??12
.10???

DHCP???
DHCP???
IP????
IP????
IP????
IP????
?12.10 DHCP????
20
12.2 DHCP??

(1)DHCP??
DHCP?????????DHCP??(DHCP Discover),???????IP??????
???????DHCP??
? ????????DHCP???????TCP/IP????,?????DHCP?????TCP/
IP????
? ????????IP??????DHCP??
? ?DHCP???????IP????DHCP?????,????????DHCP???????

21
12.2 DHCP??

(2)DHCP??
DHCP?????????DHCP??(DHCP offer),???????????DHCP???
(??????????DHCP????)???DHCP????DHCP?????,?DHCP????
????IP??,???DHCP????IP?????????????IP??,??????????
?DHCP??????????IP???????DHCP?????,??IP?????????,??
???????DHCP????

22
12.2 DHCP??

(3)DHCP??
DHCP?????????DHCP??(DHCP request),??DHCP?????????D
HCP???????????,????????DHCP????????DHCP???????????
????????DHCP???????????DHCP?????DHCP???????????DHC
P????IP???
(4)DHCP??
DHCP???????????DHCP??(DHCP ACK)???????DHCP??????DH
CP????DHCP?????,????????IP????????,????????????DHC
P?????DHCP?????DHCP??????DHCP?????,??????IP?????,?
??????????IP?????????????????

23
12.2 DHCP??

2.IP??????
???DHCP???????IP???,?IP???????????,????????,??????
?????????????????DHCP????IP??????????????,???DHCP?
????????DHCP??(????????IP????????),???????????????
????????,?????DHCP????(????????IP??????????),?DHCP
???????????,?????????????????????????,????????????
????????

24
12.2 DHCP??

3.DHCP????????
??????????DHCP???,?DHCP?????????????????,?????????
??DHCP/ BOOTP Relay Agent????Relay
Agent?????????????????????????????DHCP Relay
Agent????????,????DHCP/BOOTP???????????????????
12.2.3 DHCP?????????
1.????????
? DHCP????????????IP???
? ??DHCP??????IP???

25
12.2 DHCP??

2.??DHCP???
??DHCP???????????Windows 2000 Server/Advanced
Server???????????DHCP???????????TCP/IP??,???IP???
????????????,??DHCP?????????IP?????DHCP????????
? ???????????????/??????,????/????????
? ????/??Windows????,??Windows???????,??????
?,??Windows?????,?????????????

26
12.2 DHCP??

? ????????,??????????????????????(DHCP)??,?
????????(DHCP)??????????,???????
? ???????,??Windows 2000 Server????????,??????
????DHCP????
? ??????,?????/????????,???????

27
12.2 DHCP??

3.????DHCP???
???DHCP???,?????????????DHCP???,????????????????IP
?????????,??DHCP??????????,????IP???????????????
? ??DHCP?????,???????????????,?????????,???
????,????DHCP??????,?????????????????????,

28
12.2 DHCP??

??????DHCP???????,??????,????DHCP????????12.12
??,???????DHCP????????IP???
? ?????????????????????????,??????????????
?DHCP?????????????????
? ?????????????Active Directory?????,??AD?????
??,????????????????????,?????????Active
Directory??????Services?NetServices,?????????????
???DHCP?????

29
12.2 DHCP??

?12.12 ?????????
30
12.2 DHCP??

4.?DHCP?????????
?DHCP???????,???????IP???(???IP???,?IP????)??DHCP?
?????IP????,?DHCP?????DHCP?????IP?????,DHCP???????
???????????????IP??,???????????DHCP??????,DHCP????
IP????????IP?????????DHCP???????DHCP???????

31
12.2 DHCP??

? ?DHCP?????????????????????????????,??????
???????
? ???????,???????????,??????????
? ???????,??IP???????,??12.13???
???IP?????IP?????????DHCP????IP????
???????????????,???DHCP??????IP????????????

32
12.2 DHCP??
?12.13 IP???????
33
12.2 DHCP??

? ???????,????????????????IP?????,??12.14???

?12.14 ???????
34
12.2 DHCP??

? ?????????????(???8?)??????,?????IP???????,????
????????IP??????,??????????
? ???????,??????DHCP???????????,??????????,?
?DNS?????????WINS????????????????????????,???????
?,??????????,??????????
? ?????????????IP??,??????DNS????IP???
? ???????,??WINS??????,???????????????

35
12.2 DHCP??

? ?DHCP????????????????12.15??,?DHCP??????????????
????,?????????

?12.15 ???????
36
12.2 DHCP??

5.???????
???????????????????DHCP???,??????????????
?????DHCP??????????????????????????DHCP
Discover??,????????DHCP?????,?????????????????????
??????????????1????2???????????,?????1??????????,
?????50?????????1??????????,????????1????,?????87
.5???,???????????,???????????,?????2????,?????2??
?????IP????,????????????????IP??,??????DHCP
NAK????,????????????????????1?????????????????

37
12.2 DHCP??

???????????????????????????,??????????????????????
???????????
? ???????????????????????????????????????
??????
? ???????????????????????????

38
12.2 DHCP??

6.?????IP??
??????????IP?????????(?WINS Server?IIS
Server?),?????????????????IP???
? ??DHCP????
? ???DHCP???????,?????????????????
? ???????,??????,???????????,??12.16???
? ??12.16?IP???????????DHCP????IP??,?????10.8.10
.2?

39
12.2 DHCP??
?12.16 ???????
40
12.2 DHCP??

? ?MAC??????????IP????????????MAC???
?????????12???,????????0?
? ???????????????,?DHCP???????????????????,?????
?????,?????????
? ????????????????????????????
? ???????,??????,????????????,??????????????
??,???

41
12.2 DHCP??

?????,??????????????????,???????????????????????
???
? ?Windows NT?Windows 2000?????????ipconfig/releas
e????IP?ipconfig /renew,??IP?
? ?Windows95/98???????Winipcfg.exe????????????????

42
12.2 DHCP??

7.DHCP????
DHCP????????????,?????????DNS?WINS????,???????????
??????,?DHCP????????????????????????????????????
??,??????????DNS????,??DHCP??????

43
12.2 DHCP??

? ??DHCP???,???????????,?????????????????
???????,??12.17??,?????????????????006
DNS???,?IP????????DNS??????????????????DNS
?????,??????,????IP???????IP??????,???????
? ??????,??DHCP?????

44
12.2 DHCP??
?12.17 ????????
45
12.2 DHCP??

12.2.4 DHCP??????
DHCP??????????,??????????DHCP??,?????????????DHCP?
???
1.??Windows 95/98????DHCP??
??????TCP/IP?,????????,?????????,??????TCP/
IP??,????,??IP?????,????????IP???
2.??Windows 2000????DHCP??
??????TCP/IP?,???????????????,??????,????,
??Internet??(TCP/IP)??,???????????????IP???

46
12.2 DHCP??

3.??Windows NT 4.0????DHCP??
?Windows NT 4.0 Server??????,?????Workstation????
????????????,??TCP/IP????,????????,???DH
CP??????IP???

47
12.3 WINS??

12.3.1 WINS??
1.??????(NetBIOS?)
NetBIOS?20??80???????IBMPC???????????MS-DOS???????
???NetBIOS???????16?????????????????
??????NetBIOS???????????????????????????,NetBIOS??
????????????NetBIOS????????????,??????????????????
??????IP???????,????????????IP???????

48
12.3 WINS??

2.NetBIOS????
NetBIOS???????????NetBIOS??IP??????????NetBIOS????
????
???????,?????????????????NetBIOS?,??NetBIOS??15???
?????,?16????0x20?????????15???,??????(?CORPSERVER
20)?????????????????????????????????????NetBIOS?
??????????????,????NetBIOS?(?CORPSERVER20)???IP?
?,????TCP???
WINS??????????LMHOSTS???WINS???3????????NetBIOS???
????

49
12.3 WINS??

3.WINS?????
WINS?????????3???
?1?,????WINS???????,???WINS?????NetBIOS????,WINS??
????NetBIOS???????????WINS?????????,?NetBIOS?????I
P????????????????,??WINS??????WINS????????
?2?,???WINS???????????,?????????IP???????????WINS?
??,???????????????
?3?,?WINS????????????????????IP??,??????????WINS??
????,WINS???????????NBT(?NETBIOS)??????????

50
12.3 WINS??

12.3.2 ??WINS???
(1)??WINS??????????DHCP?????????
???????????????WINS????
(2)?????WINS??
????????????????????,??????,??????????
?,???????????????Windows Internet????,????????
??????????????????
net start wins
net stop wins
net pause wins
net continue wins

51
12.3 WINS??

12.3.3 WINS??????
????WINS??????,??????????????,??????????????,????W
INS????????????WINS????????????????WINS?????????
???
1.??????
?WINS????????WINS???,??????????????,??WIN
S????WINS????????12.18?????,

52
12.3 WINS??

? ???????????????????,????WINS????????????,??????
??,WINS????????????????,??,????????WINS???????????
WINS????????????
? ??????????WINS?????????????????
? ?????????????????????,?WINS????????????????

53
12.3 WINS??

2.??????
??WINS????????????????????,??????????,???????,????
?????????????????????????12.18?????????,????12.1
9???WINS????????,????WINS?????????????(?????),??
???????????????,WINS??????????????

54
12.3 WINS??

?12.18 WINS????? ?12.19
WINS????????
55
12.3 WINS??

(1)????????WINS????????WINS???????????????,??????
???WINS????????????(?????IP??),??????????,??????
??????????????????
(2)??????????????????????????????????,????
?????????????,?????????????
(3)?????????????????????,????????,???WINS????
?????????
(4)??????????WINS?????????????,WINS???????????WIN
S??????????????????????,???,???,????????

56
12.3 WINS??

3.?????????
??12.19??? ?????????
(1)????????????????,?????????,?WINS??????????????
???????WINS????????????????????WINS?????????????WI
NS???????????????
(2)??????????WINS??????????????????
(3)????????????????????????,??????????(????WINS??
??????)?
(4)????????????????????????????????,???????
?????????(???WINS???)???????????????????WINS???
????????

57
12.3 WINS??

4.??????
WINS?????????????????????????????,??Windows2000Ser
ver?WINS??????????????,?Windows 2000
Server???????????????????????12.18?????????,????
12.21???????
(1)????????Windows?????
?????????,WINS???????WINS???????????????????????,?
?????Windows?????????????
(2)??????
??WINS??????????????WINS??????

58
12.3 WINS??

???????4????
? ??????????300?
? ??????????500?
? ??????????1000?
? ??????????????25 000?
(3)?????
??WINS?????????????,?????windir\system32\wins?
(4)????ID
????????WINS???????????ID???????????????????????,?
??????????????????,???????

59
12.3 WINS??

12.3.4 WINS??????
1.Windows 98?WINS??
?????????TCP/IP?????WINS??????????WINS?
???,????????IP??,???????
2.Windows 2000?WINS??
???????????????,????????????,??????,????I
nternet??(TCP/IP)??,??????,?????????WINS??,
????WINS???????TCP/IP??NetBIOS??,???????

60
12.3 WINS??

3.Windows NT 4.0?WINS??
???????????????????TCP/IP????????WI
NS????,?????WINS??????WINS????IP??,???????

61
12.4 DNS??

12.4.1 DNS??
DNS????????,????TCP/IP???,????????????????????????
????IP????DNS????DNS?????IP????????,DNS???????????
??????IP???DNS???????DNS??????????????IP?????????
???????????????Internet?Intranet?,???Internet?Int
ranet???Web????FTP?Telnet???TCP/IP????????,?????DN
S????????,DNS????????????????IP???????????

62
12.4 DNS??

?Windows 2000 Server???3??????
? Active Directory???????????????,?????Active
Directory???????????
? ???????????????????,?????????????????,?????????
???????????????
? ??????????????????,???????????????,????????????
??????????????,??????????????????

63
12.4 DNS??

1.DNS???
DNS??????DNS??????DNS???,???????DNS?????(DNS Name
Server),??????????????????
Internet?????????????????,????????????????????????
?
(1)???????
?????????,???????DNS?????,??????????????????????
(2)??????

64
12.4 DNS??

??Internet???????????,????????????????????????????
????,??????????DNS?????????????????
??????????,???DNS????????????,????????????????????
?????????????????,????????????????????????????IP??
?
(3)???????
???DNS???????????????????????,????DNS????????????(
Authoritative Name Server)????????????????????????
,?DNS??????????

65
12.4 DNS??

?????????,???????????4?????????????????????????Ca
che-only??????
? ????????????????????????????DNS????
? ??????????????(Secondary Name
Server)??????????(???????????,???????????)?????,??
????????

66
12.4 DNS??

? ??????????????(Master Name Server)???????????DN
S???,?????????????????,?????????????????
? Cache-only?????Cache-only????????????,?????????
????????,????DNS????????,????????????,????????????
????

67
12.4 DNS??

2.?????????
???(forwarder)????????????DNS????
?????,?DNS??????DNS?????????,?????????????????????
????????DNS???????????????????(??DNS??????????????
???DNS??????????)?,?DNS?????????DNS??????????,????
???????????????????,???????DNS???????,????????????
??????,??????????DNS??????????DNS???????,??????DNS
????????????,??????DNS?????????DNS????????????????
?,????????????DNS??????????

68
12.4 DNS??

??????,?DNS??????????,DNS????????????DNS????????,?
?????DNS???????????????????,?DNS?????????????
? ?DNS?????????DNS????????
? ?DNS?????????DNS???????,????DNS????????????
????????,?DNS???????????????????,???DNS???????????
,????????????????DNS???????????(Slave Server)?

69
12.4 DNS??

3.DNS???????
?DNS????DNS?????IP??,?DNS???(DNS????????DNS??????)
????DNS?????IP???,???3?????????????????
(1)???
?????,??DNS??????????,??DNS???????????,?DNS???????
??????DNS??????????????,DNS??????DNS???????????DNS
?????????????????????

70
12.4 DNS??

(2)???
????????DNS????DNS????????????????????1?DNS?????2
?DNS??????????,????2?DNS????????????,??????3?DNS??
??IP????1?DNS???,??1?DNS???????3?DNS????????????,?
??????????????????DNS???????????????,????1?DNS????
????
(3)???
???????????????????????,???DNS????????IP??????????
?
????????DNS??????IP??,???????????DNS???IP?????????
?????,?????DNS????????????????,??????????in-addr.a
rpa?

71
12.4 DNS??

??????????DNS????,??????????,?IP????????????????,?
??IP???211.81.192.248?????,??????DNS?????248.192.8
1.211.in-addr.arpa??????????IP?????????,DNS???????
?,????????,????248.192.81.211.in-addr.arpa?
???????????,??????????????????????
?12.22???????????????????????,DNS????DNS???Serverl
??www.xtvtc.edu.cn?IP?????????????????

72
12.4 DNS??
73
12.4 DNS??

?1?,DNS????????DNS???(Server1)????????????,????www
.xtvtc.edu.cn?IP??????DNS???(Server1)???????,?????
??DNS????????
?2?,??Server1????????,?Server1??????????????????DN
S???(Server2)?????
?3?,??DNS???(Server2)?????????www.xtvtc.edu.cn????
??.cn??????,??,??????.cn?DNS???(Server3)?IP?????Se
rver1?

74
12.4 DNS??

?4?,Server1??Server3?IP???,?????????????Server3??w
ww.xtvtc.edu.cn?IP???
?5?,Server3????????www.xtvtc.edu.cn???????edu.cn??
???,??,??????edu.cn?DNS???(Server4)?IP?????Server1
?
?6?,?Server1???Server4?IP???,???????????????Server
4??www.xtvtc.edu.cn?IP???
?7?,Server4????????www.xtvtc.edu.cn???????xtvtc.ed
u.cn?????,??,???????xtvtc.edu.cn?DNS???(Server5)?I
P?????Server1?

75
12.4 DNS??

?8?,?Server1??Server5?IP???,???????????????Server5
??www.xtvtc.edu.cn?IP???
?9?,??xtvtc.edu.cn?DNS???(Server5)?www.xtvtc.edu.c
n?IP?????Serve r1?
?10?,??DNS???Server1?www.xtvtc.edu.cn?IP??????????
??,???DNS????
4.???TTL
?DNS????????????????,???????DNS?????????,?????????
??????,????????????????,??????????????????,???????
,??????????

76
12.4 DNS??

????????????????,??????TTL(Time-To-Live)?
TTL??????????????????????????DNS????????????,TTL??
??,TTL???????,?TTL?????0???,?????????TTL????3600
s(1 h)????TTL???,????????,TTL??????????,??????????
????????????,?TTL?????,DNS???????????

77
12.4 DNS??

5.DNS???
??????(??????????????,???????????)??????????,???
????????????????,?IP????????????,??????DNS???????
12.4.2 ??DNS???
????Windows 2000 Server?,DNS????????,???????,?????
???DNS???,???????????????????DNS??,???????
DNS???????????DHCP??????

78
12.4 DNS??

12.4.3 DNS??????
1.DNS?????
?Windows2000???????3??????DNS???
? ????(Registry)?????DNS??????????????,??DNS?????
?????
? ????????DNS??????BIND???bootfile???????,???????
BIND????????bootfile??,???????????????????
? ?DNS?????DNS????Active Directory????????

79
12.4 DNS??

2.????????
(1)??????????
? ??DNS???????,??????????????DNS???
? ?DNS??????????????,??????,?????????,???
???????
? ??????????????????????
? ???????,??????????????????????,??12.23??????
??????,??????????????????

80
12.4 DNS??

? ?????????????????????,?????????????????????D
NS??,??12.24?????????????xtvtc.edu.cn.dns(????.dns
),????????\winnt\system32\dns?????????????????,???
??????????,????????????\winnt\system32\dns?????
? ?????,?????????????????????

81
12.4 DNS??

?12.23 ?????? ?12.24
???????
82
12.4 DNS??

(2)??????????
???????????????????????,??????????????????????????
????????????
? ???????????????????????????,??????????????????
??,??12.25???
? ???????,???????????,??12.26???????????????????

83
12.4 DNS??

?12.25 ??????? ?12.26
??????
84
12.4 DNS??

? ???????,??DNS????????IP??,??????,???????????
?????,??12.27??????????,?????????,??????????????
?,????,??????????,??????,??????,??????,?????

?12.27 ?DNS??????
85
12.4 DNS??

(3)????
???????????????,???????????????,???????????DNS
???????
3.????????
????????????DNS?????IP????????????????????,???????
???Windows 2000 Server?DNS????????????????IP??????
????????????ID(Network ID)?????,????????.in
addr.arpa???,?????ID?10.8.6.248???,?????????????ID
?10.8.6,?????.in-addr.arpa,?????6.8.10.in-addr.arp
a,??12.28???

86
12.4 DNS??

(1)?????????????????????,???????????????,???????
??????????,???????????,???????,??????????,
??????,????12.28??????????ID???????????(?10.8.
6.),???????????????10.8.6.in-addr.arpa?
(2)???????,????12.29?????????????

87
12.4 DNS??

?12.28 ????????? ?12.29 ???????
88
12.4 DNS??

4.????
(1)??????
????????????DNS???????,DNS??????????????????IP???
? ????????????????,?????????????????,????12.30??
?????

?12.30 ???????
89
12.4 DNS??

? ????????????????,??????????,????www??,????www?
??????www.xtvtc.edu.cn??IP??????????????IP?????I
P???DNS????????????,?????????,????????????(PTR)??
,?????????????????????
? ??????????????,?????12.31???

90
12.4 DNS??
?12.31 ???????????
91
12.4 DNS??

(2)??????
??????????????????,???????????????????????????DNS?
?,?????????????????,????12.32??????,????????
5.????
??????????????????????,???????????
? ???????????,?????????(PTR)?????
? ??????????????????????,?????????????????,???
?12.33??????

92
12.4 DNS??

?12.32 ????????? ?12.33 ???????
93
12.4 DNS??

12.4.4 DNS??????
1.??DNS????????
?Windows 2000????????????,?DHCP??IP???????,??DNS??
??????
? ??,?????DHCP??????????,???????DHCP???,????????
???????,??DNS??,??12.34??,????????DNS???DHCP?
??????????????????????
? ?DNS????????????,????,????,????,?????????
??????????????,??????,??12.35???

94
12.4 DNS??

?12.34 ????DNS??? ?12.35
xtvtc.edu.cn?????
95
12.4 DNS??

? ????????,????????,??????,??????,????????
????????
??????????,??DNS??????????????
2.????SOA???
SOA(Start of Authority)??????????????????????,????
?????,????????SOA??????SOA????????????????????????
??12.35????????(SOA)??,????12.36???????

96
12.4 DNS??
?12.36 ??????(SOA)???
97
12.4 DNS??

? ???????????,???????,?????????????????????????(?
?????????????)?????????
? ???????????????????????,???????
? ???????????????????????????,???????
? ????????????????????????,????????????????????,?
??????????????
? ??TTL???????????????????

98
12.4 DNS??

3.????????????
?DNS????????DNS???????????,????????????,??????????
????????,DNS???????????????????????????DNS????????
??\winnt\system32\dns????,?????cache.dns?cache.dns
,???????,?????????????
?????????????DNS,??????DNS?????,??????????
???,??????????,????12.37???DNS????????????????
???????????DNS?????IP??,??????????????DNS????

99
12.4 DNS??
?12.37 DNS????????
100
12.4 DNS??

4.?????
???12.37???????,????12.38??????????????????,???
??????,????????DNS???IP??,?202.99.160.68,??????
??IP???202.99.160.68?DNS??????DNS????????
??????????????DNS????
5.????????
???12.37??????,????12.39?????????????????,??????
???

101
12.4 DNS??

?12.38 ???????? ?12.39 ???????
102
12.4 DNS??

12.4.5 ????DNS??
1.Windows 98?DNS??
??TCP/IP????,??DNS????,????DNS??,??????????,??
DNS???IP???
2.Windows NT4.0?DNS??
?Windows NT 4.0 Server/workstation?,??TCP/IP????
,????,??DNS??,??DNS??????
? ??????????????
? ???????????
? DNS?????????DNS???????
? ?????????????????

103
12.4 DNS??

3.Windows 2000?DNS??
????????????,????????,??????,??Internet??(T
CP/IP)??,????????,???DHCP??????DNS????????????
???DNS???????,??????DNS??????DNS???????DNS??????D
NS????IP??,??12.40????????????????DNS??,???????,
??DNS??,???????DNS???????DNS????????????????????
????,???????????????????????????DNS???,????????
?????????????,???????????????????

104
12.4 DNS??
?12.40 Internet??(TCP/IP)??
105
12.4 DNS??

12.4.6 ????????????Nslookup
Nslookup??????????,????DNS???????,????????????????
DNS?????Nslookup?,?????????DNS???????IP???WindowsN
T/2000/XP?????,Windows95/98?????????
1.??Nslookup
???????,??Nslookup,??Nslookup????,??????,???????
IP?????,??????????
2.Nslookup???????????
???????????????,???????

106
12.4 DNS??

? help????????
? exit??Nslookup???
? server IP?????????????DNS?,IP???DNS????IP???
? set q?A?????IP??,???????
? set q?CNAME??????????
? set q?ANY?????????
? set q?PTR?????IP??,???????????????????
? set q?MX????????
? set q?NS?????????DNS??????

107
12.4 DNS??

3.Nslookup????
??DNS????10.8.10.244,??xtvtc.edu.cn,??????Nslookup
,???????
? server 10.8.10.250 \\ ????????10.8.10.250
Default Serverhost.xtvtc.edu.cn \\ ?????
Address10.8.10.250
? set qA \\ ??????
? www.xtvtc.edu.cn \\ ??www.xtvtc.edu.cn
Serverhost.xtvtc.edu.cn
Address10.8.10.250
Non-authoritative answer
Namewww.xtvtc.edu.cn
Address10.8.10.250 \\ ??????

108
12.5 ????

12.5.1 ??????
??????????????????????????????????????
???????????????????TCP/IP????????????????????????,
??????????,???????,?????????????????????,?????????
?????????????????????????????????????????????????,
?????????????,????????????????????

109
12.5 ????

12.5.2 ??????
1.????????
Windows 2000 Server??????????????????,??,???????
?????Windows 2000 Server?????????,??????
? ??????????/???????
? ????/??Windows?????Windows?????
? ?Windows???,??????,?????????,????12.41????
??,???????????,???,?????????????????????????,???
???????????????

110
12.5 ????

? ?????????????????,??????????????,??????????????
??????????????????????????????????????????????????
????????????????????
? ????????????????????,??????????????????,???????
????Windows???????????????????????????????????????
????????,???????????????????????????????,?????????
??????

111
12.5 ????

? ?????????,?????,????????,??????????????????
???????????????????????
? ????????????,????12.42??????,???????????????,?
??????????????Windows 2000?????????Terminal
Server 4.0??????????????????????Windows
2000?????????,???????????????,?????????????????
?Terminal Server 4.0?????????,?????????????????
? ??????,????????

112
12.5 ????

?12.41 ????????? ?12.42
?????????
113
12.5 ????

2.??????
? ??????????/???????
? ????/??Windows?????Windows?????
? ?Windows???,????????,?????????,??????????
???,???,???????,????12.43??????????????????,???
????????????????,?????????????????????,???????,?
?????,???????????

114
12.5 ????
?12.43 ????????
115
12.5 ????

? ?????????????????????,????12.44??????,??
???????????????????
? ?????????????????,?????????,?????????,??????,?
????????????????,?????????,???????,???????
??,???????????,????????
? ????????????,?Microsoft???????,???????????????,?
?????????PIN??,???12.45?????????,???????????

116
12.5 ????

?12.44 ?????????? ?12.45
????????
117
12.5 ????

3.??????????
? ????????,??????????????,??????????,????????,
????????????????????????
? ??????????Setup.exe??,????????,???????????????
??
? ?????,?????????,?????????????????????,?????
?????????????????

118
12.5 ????

12.5.3 ??????
1.????????????
???????????,??12.46??????????RDP-TCP,???????
?????,????12.47???????????
(1)?????????
???????,??12.47??,????????????????????????????
????
? ??????????????????????,??????????????????????40
?56??????????

119
12.5 ????

? ????????????????????????????????????????40?56??
????????
? ????????????????????????????????????????128????
??????
(2)???????
?????????,?????????
? ???????????????????????????,???????????????

120
12.5 ????

?12.46 ??????
?12.47 ??????
121
12.5 ????

(2)???????
?????????,?????????
? ???????????????????????????,???????????????
? ????????????????????????????????
? ???????????????????????????,???????????????????
? ???????????????,?????????????????,?????????????
???
? ???????????????????????,?????????????
? ??????????????????????????????????????

122
12.5 ????

(3)?????
?????????,????????????,??????????????????,??????
?????,???????????????????????????????
(4)????
?????????,?????????????????
(5)?????????
??????????????Active Directory????????,?????
???????????????????????,?????????????????

123
12.5 ????

2.?????????
??????????,??????????????,???????????????mstsc.exe
???
? ??????????,?????????????,?????????,?????
(??)??????IP???
? ??????????,?????????????????????800?600,???
??????????,?????????????,?????????????????????
????????????????????????????,??????????????

124
12.5 ????