Year 9 Animation Project

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• Year 9 Animation Project

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Animation Skills
SELF-MANAGEMENT
SEQUENCING
NEW SOFTWARE SKILL
PLANNING
LOGIC
TEAM WORK
PROBLEM SOLVING
CREATIVITY
STORYBOARDING
Presentation Skills
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What are the different types of animation?

• Think

Pair
Share
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History of Animation

• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vmoBeQfJ7MBU
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vS3hqS6JlKEcfeature
  relmfu
• History of CGI - http//www.youtube.com/watch?vfS
  XhoCCggB8
• Who made the first animation?
• When was the first animation created?
• How were the early animations made?
• What was the first 3D computer-generated
  animation?
• What is CGI?

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Where is animation used?

• Think

Pair
Share
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Animation is used

• Childrens cartoons,
• Films
• Gaming
• Architecture
• Medical simulations

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Information Sheet Stop-motion

• Stop motion (also known as stop frame) is an
  animation technique to make a physically
  manipulated object appear to move on its own. The
  object is moved in small increments between
  individually photographed frames, creating the
  illusion of movement when the series of frames is
  played as a continuous sequence. Dolls with
  movable joints or clay figures are often used in
  stop motion for their ease of repositioning. Stop
  motion animation using plasticine is called clay
  animation or "clay-motion". Not all stop motion
  requires figures or models many stop motion
  films can involve using humans, household
  appliances and other things for comedic effect.
• Stop motion animation utilises this incremental
  change process in its own special way.
  Traditionally a movie film camera was started and
  stopped, one frame at a time. While the camera
  was stopped an animator would adjust the figure
  or object the camera was pointing at. The camera
  would film another frame - this would continue
  until all the animation was filmed
• Stop motion animation can be thought of as just a
  series of still photographs. Objects or puppets
  are moved and filmed frame by frame to simulate
  movement. Films like the original King Kong and
  Star Wars made heavy use of stop motion animation
  using miniatures and puppets. This was the only
  way to bring objects that cannot move by
  themselves to life on screen. The advent of
  computer generated imagery has removed stop
  motion animation from the mainstream but its
  unique effect and the realistic textures it
  brings (since actual materials are used in
  filming) means it will not die out anytime soon.
  It is still widely used in artistic films,
  shorts, and commercials.Notable feature-length
  films all done in stop motion animation and
  released in the CGI boom era are
• Tim Burtons Corpse Bride (2005)
• Chicken Run (2000)
• Wallace Gromit The Curse of the Were-Rabbit
  (2005)
• Coraline (2009)
• Its low entry price, and still unique "look" and
  "feel" on film means stop motion is still used on
  some projects such as in children's programming,
  as well as in commercials and comic shows such as
  Robot Chicken. The argument that the textures
  achieved with CGI cannot match the way real
  textures are captured by stop motion also makes
  it valuable for a handful of movie makers,
  notably Tim Burton, whose puppet-animated film
  Corpse Bride was released in 2005.

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Information Sheet Stop-motion

• Computer animation is the process used for
  generating animated images by using computer
  graphics. The more general term computer
  generated imagery encompasses both static scenes
  and dynamic images, while computer animation only
  refers to moving images.
• Modern computer animation usually uses 3D
  computer graphics, although 2D computer graphics
  are still used for stylistic, low bandwidth, and
  faster real-time renderings. Sometimes the target
  of the animation is the computer itself, but
  sometimes the target is another medium, such as
  film.
• Computer animation is essentially a digital
  successor to the stop motion techniques used in
  traditional animation with 3D models and
  frame-by-frame animation of 2D illustrations.
  Computer generated animations are more
  controllable than other more physically based
  processes, such as constructing miniatures for
  effects shots or hiring extras for crowd scenes,
  and because it allows the creation of images that
  would not be feasible using any other technology.
  It can also allow a single graphic artist to
  produce such content without the use of actors,
  expensive set pieces, or props.
• To create the illusion of movement, an image is
  displayed on the computer screen and repeatedly
  replaced by a new image that is similar to it,
  but advanced slightly in time (usually at a rate
  of 24 or 30 frames/second). This technique is
  identical to how the illusion of movement is
  achieved with television and motion pictures.
• For 3D animations, objects (models) are built on
  the computer monitor (modelled) and 3D figures
  are rigged with a virtual skeleton. For 2D figure
  animations, separate objects (illustrations) and
  separate transparent layers are used, with or
  without a virtual skeleton. Then the limbs, eyes,
  mouth, clothes, etc. of the figure are moved by
  the animator on key frames. The differences in
  appearance between key frames are automatically
  calculated by the computer in a process known as
  tweening or morphing. Finally, the animation is
  rendered.
• For 3D animations, all frames must be rendered
  after modelling is complete. For 2D vector
  animations, the rendering process is the key
  frame illustration process, while tweened frames
  are rendered as needed. For pre-recorded
  presentations, the rendered frames are
  transferred to a different format or medium such
  as film or digital video. The frames may also be
  rendered in real time as they are presented to
  the end-user audience. Low bandwidth animations
  transmitted via the internet (e.g. 2D Flash, X3D)
  often use software on the end-users computer to
  render in real time as an alternative to
  streaming or pre-loaded high bandwidth
  animations.

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Information Sheet CGI

• Computer-generated imagery (CGI) is the
  application of computer graphics to create or
  contribute to images in art, printed media, video
  games, films, television programs, commercials,
  simulators and simulation generally. The visual
  scenes may be dynamic or static, and may be 2D or
  3D, though the term "CGI" is most commonly used
  to refer to 3D computer graphics used for
  creating scenes or special effects in films and
  television.
• The term computer animation refers to dynamic CGI
  rendered as a movie. The term virtual world
  refers to agent-based, interactive environments.
• Computer graphics software is used to make
  computer-generated imagery for movies, etc.
  Recent availability of CGI software and increased
  computer speeds have allowed individual artists
  and small companies to produce professional-grade
  films, games, and fine art from their home
  computers. This has brought about an internet
  subculture with its own set of global
  celebrities, clichés, and technical vocabulary.
• Not only do animated images form part of
  computer-generated imagery, natural looking
  landscapes, such as fractal landscapes are also
  generated via computer algorithms. Modern
  architects use services from computer graphic
  firms to create 3-dimensional models for both
  customers and builders. These computer generated
  models can be more accurate than traditional
  drawings. Computer generated models used in
  skeletal animation are not always anatomically
  correct, however, organizations such as the
  Scientific Computing and Imaging Institute have
  developed anatomically correct computer-based
  models.
• While computer generated images of landscapes may
  be static, the term computer animation only
  applies to dynamic images that resemble a movie.
  However, in general the term computer animation
  refers to dynamic images that do not allow user
  interaction, and the term virtual world is used
  for the interactive animated environments.
• Computer animation is essentially a digital
  successor to the art of stop motion animation of
  3D models and frame-by-frame animation of 2D
  illustrations. Computer generated animations are
  more controllable than other more physically
  based processes, such as constructing miniatures
  for effects shots or hiring extras for crowd
  scenes, and because it allows the creation of
  images that would not be feasible using any other
  technology. It can also allow a single graphic
  artist to produce such content without the use of
  actors, expensive set pieces, or props.
• To create the illusion of movement, an image is
  displayed on the computer screen and repeatedly
  replaced by a new image that is similar to the
  previous image, but advanced slightly in the time
  domain (usually at a rate of 24 or 30
  frames/second). This technique is identical to
  how the illusion of movement is achieved with
  television and motion pictures.

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Information Sheet Uncanny Valley

• The uncanny valley is a hypothesis in the field
  of robotics1 and 3D computer animation,23
  which holds that when human replicas look and act
  almost, but not perfectly, like actual human
  beings, it causes a response of revulsion among
  human observers. The "valley" refers to the dip
  in a graph of the comfort level of humans as a
  function of a robot's human likeness.
• Mori's original hypothesis states that as the
  appearance of a robot is made more human, a human
  observer's emotional response to the robot will
  become increasingly positive and empathic, until
  a point is reached beyond which the response
  quickly becomes that of strong revulsion.
  However, as the robot's appearance continues to
  become less distinguishable from that of a human
  being, the emotional response becomes positive
  once more and approaches human-to-human empathy
  levels.
• This area of repulsive response aroused by a
  robot with appearance and motion between a
  "barely human" and "fully human" entity is called
  the uncanny valley. The name captures the idea
  that an almost human-looking robot will seem
  overly "strange" to a human being, will produce a
  feeling of uncanniness, and will thus fail to
  evoke the empathic response required for
  productive human-robot interaction

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Examples of animation

• Stop-motion Button Moon / Flumps
• Computer animation SIGGRAPH 2008 Computer
  Animation Festival Preview
• CGI Avatar http//www.youtube.com/watch?vSzPeMS
  n7MGw
• Uncanny valley - http//www.youtube.com/watch?vCN
  dAIPoh8a4

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Animation Aims

• Music Video
• Selling something - TV advert
• Educational
• Entertaining
• Historical
• Informative
• Film Trailer
• Topical / Event Olympics or Euro 2012

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Cartoon Character Sketch
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(No Transcript)
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Sound effects/Music
Speech
Characters
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(No Transcript)
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Animation Tasks

• Export animation from I Can Animate
• Open MovieMaker and import movie
• Drag and drop movie clips on to the timeline
• ToolsgtNarrate Timeline
• Save Narration files
• Add Titles and Credits
• Finish Movie and Save to Computer
• Complete Animation Presentation

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Stop Motion Animation Links

• http//www.youtu\be.com/watch?vqW5X1S6VKQ8featur
  erelated
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vwRgTB9VS4HAfeature
  related
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vV1G8kXNMrksfeature
  related

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Concept Design Planning

• Mood boards
• Rough sketches of one or more graphics for your
  animation
• Annotated storyboards
• Feedback from a classmate to improve your concept
  design

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Mood Board
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Theme and styles

• Theme
• Space futuristic- Mars
• Earth Mountains Grand Canyon National Park
• Urban graffiti skateboarding street
• http//www.graffiticreator.net/
• Colours
• Tools and graphical effects
• Typeface (i.e. Scores)

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Annotating your storyboard

• Audience and Purpose
• Use of colour
• Use of bitmap and vector tools
• Graphical effects
• File type
• Size
• Resolution
• In general web file resolution is 72 dpi, or dots
  per inch.
• Print work requires at least 300 dpi resolution
  for photo images. These files can be rather large
  in file size.

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Font Style
http//www.mega80s.com/
Fill Effect
http//www.mega80s.com/
Space Invader
Stoke Colour FF6992
Fill Colour FF5722
Fill Effect
Fill Effect Shape Edge Feather (3) Shape fill
Gradient Ellipse Colours 9933CC (purple)
E70CF3 (pink) 3333CC(blue)
http//www.mega80s.com/
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Colour Scheme

• Color Schemes Picker
• http//wellstyled.com/tools/colorscheme2/index-en.
  html

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Flash Key Terms

• Frames
• Frame rate
• Keyframe
• Movie clips
• Motion Tweening
• Shape Tweening
• Skeleton

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Making an Animated Character

• Insert gt New Symbol
• Add layers for all the different parts of the
  character
• Draw the different parts on the correct layer
• Then animate the different parts of the
  character using
• Shape tween
• Motion tween fading you must convert to a movie
  clip using Convert to SymbolgtMovie Clip