Remember

1
Remember

• Hormones divided in two categories Growth-
  stimulating hormones and growth inhibiting
  hormones
• Apical dominance the ability of the terminal bud
  to suppress the growth auxiliary buds other
  effect of auxin induce cell division in vascular
  cambium to promote growth in stem diameter
• Gibberellins and auxin stimulate fruit
  development without fertilization (ex. production
  of seedling grapes)
• Gibberellins stimulate seed germination ( every
  seed required specific environmental condition to
  germinate like water, light, in nature water
  stimulate embryo to release gibberellins, which
  promote germination by mobilizing nutrients
  stores in the seed)
• Abscisic acid enhance bud and seed dormancy ,
  leaf abscission , reduce water loss by closing
  stomata
• Gibb. (seed germination) Against ABC (seed
  dormancy)
• Ethylene fruit ripening(ripening process
  includes enzymatic break down of cell wall
  (soften the fruit), starch degradation to sugar.

2
Remember

• ADH helps cells of the kidney tubules to
  reabsorb water , thus decreasing water
  volume(regulated by negative feedback mechanism
  when the body has too much water.
• GH in young mammals promotes the development and
  enlargement of all parts of the body, abnormal
  production of growth hormone can result in human
  disorders.
• Too much of GH during childhood, usually due to
  pituitary tumor can lead to gigantism
• Excessive amount of GH during adulthood can cause
  acromegaly, stimulates bony growth in face, hand
  and feet.
• Too litle of GH in childhood can cause to
  pituitary dwarfism
• T3 and T4 effect the body development and
  maturation (frog)
• in mammals it stimulate bone and nerve cell
  development
• In humans thyroid deficiency can result in
  cretinism (retarded skeletal growth and poor
  mental development)
• T3 and T4 helps maintain normal blood pressure,
  heart rate, muscle tone, muscle tone, digestion
  and reproductive function
• It also tends to the rate of oxygen consumption
  and cellular metabolism
• graves disease caused by fluid accumulation
  behind the eye ball
• Kidney play indirect role in calcium homeostasis
  which involves vitamin D (obtained from food and
  chemical reaction in skin exposed to sunlight),
  it activates in kidney and liver, this active
  form acts as hormone stimulates the intestines to
  increase uptake of calcium ions from food.
• Aldosterone (mineralocorticoids) stimulates
  kidney to reabsorb sodium ions and water, thus
  increasing the volume of the blood and raising
  blood pressure
• Cortison (Glucocorticoids) miracle drug treats
  serious inflammation (suppressing immune system)
• Progestins (progesterone) involved in preparing
  and maintaining the uterus to suport an embryo
• In human androgens produced by male embryos
  during the seventh week of development