American Evolution 1830-1850

1
American Evolution 1830-1850

• A Study of Reform Movements and the Growth of the
  
• United States

2
Immigration

• Push Factors
• Political Persecution
• No Social Mobility
• No religious Freedom
• No Job Opportunities
• War/Refugees
• Famine/No Food
• No Education
• No Chance to Own Land
• No Family

• Pull Factors
• Political Freedom
• Social Mobility
• Religious Freedom
• Jobs
• No Wars/Military Service
• FoodLand of Plenty
• Public Education
• Abundant Land out West
• Family Sends American Letters

3
Irish Immigrants

• 1. Came during the 1830s and 40s because of the
  Great Potato Famine
• 2. Immigrated to the Cities New York, Boston,
  Philadelphia, because too poor to move west.
• 3. Hated because of low work skills, Poor
  Education, and Roman Catholic Faith.
• 4. Worked on Railroads, Canals, and in Houses and
  competed with free African Americans for Jobs

4
Helping the Irish

• The Ancient Order of Hibernians
• A Semisecret Society Originally Founded in
  Ireland
• Helped Provide
• Food
• Job Training
• Education
• Childcare
• Housing

5
The Germans

1. Arrive in the US between 1830-60
2. Immigrate to the Mid-West, West and begin
   farming.
3. Support liberal ideas such as Abolition and Early
   Childhood Ed. (Kindergarten)
4. Introduce Pretzel, Bratwurst, Strudel, Beer,
   Christmas Tree

6
Nativism

1. Native Born Americans who opposed new immigrants
   were called Nativists
2. Nativists believed There was a vast Catholic
   Conspiracy by the Pope to take over the U.S.
3. Formed the Order of the Star Spangled Banner to
   fight Immigration.

7
NINA

1. To Prevent the Irish from gaining Social
   Mobility, Many Nativists would place NINA signs
   in their Shop Windows.
2. Songs (on the right) would be distributed and
   sung at Nativist Rallies.

8
Know Nothing Party

• After 1.8 million Catholic Immigrants arrive,
  Nativists form the Know Nothing Party
• The Party Platform Promoted
• Anti Immigration laws
• Attacks on Nuns, Priests, Churches
• Supporters say, I know nothing

9
Putting-Out System

1. Before Industrialization, manufacturing was home
   based.
2. Local merchants provided raw materials to
   households to be turned into manufactured goods.
3. With Canals Railroads, Sales of Goods
   skyrocket, and need for more efficient methods
   grows.

10
The Slater Mills

1. Samuel Slater brought industrial secrets from
   England in the 1780s.
2. By 1790, Slater opened the Slater Mills in
   PAwtucket, Rhode Island.
3. The factory produced Cotton yarn, that was then
   sent to local households to be turned into
   clothing.

11
Francis Cabot Lowell

1. Worked as spy in English Textile Mills,
   memorizing how the hydro-powered looms were
   constructed.
2. Created the Lowell Mills in 1814
3. First businessman to consolidate all stages of
   production, including housing labor.
4. Follows the Waltham System

12
The Lowell Girls

• Young women 9-18 recruited from local farms
• Paid 14-18 a month
• The Mill Girls must
• Follow Curfew
• Attend Church
• Not Date
• Live in the Dorms attached to the Factory
• Eventually Strike for higher wages/Rights

13
The Lowell Mills in Operation
14
Eli Whitney

• Best known for two Major Developments
• Interchangeable Parts
• Developed originally for the Fed. Government for
  the mass production of rifles.

15
The Cotton Gin

• Removes seeds from Cotton Fibers and prolongs the
  institution of Slavery

16
Cyrus McCormick

1. Builds the first mechanical reaper
2. Markets invention to farmers in the mid-west and
   west by 1850
3. Helps in the boom of wheat production prior too,
   and following the Civil War

17
Isaac Singer

1. Improved the sewing machine invented by Elias
   Howe in 1846
2. Becomes the foundation of the ready made
   clothing industry.
3. One of the Must Have items of every American
   Home.

18
Samuel F. B. Morse

1. Invents the Telegraph, originally to help the
   hard of hearing in 1844
2. Uses a set of dots and dashes to send magnetic
   pulses through copper wire. (Morse Code)
3. Sends information across great distances.
4. Is the founder of the Information Age.

19
Peter Coopers Tom Thumb

1. Steam Locomotive invented in 1830
2. Revolutionizes travel, and carries cargo/people
   13 miles to Baltimore, travelling at 10mph.