Chapter 13: Spread of Civilizations in East Asia

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Chapter 13 Spread of Civilizations in East Asia

• Section 1 Two Golden Ages of China
• Section 2 The Mongol Ming Empires
• Section 3 Korea and its Traditions
• Section 4 The Emergence of Japan
• Section 5 Japans Feudal Age

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Section 1 Two Golden Ages of China

• In 618, the Tang Dynasty united China for the
  first time in nearly 400 years
• The Tang conquered parts of central Asia and
  forced Vietnam, Korea, and Tibet to become
  tributary states
• Tributary states remain independent, but had to
  recognize Chinas power and send tribute ()
  to the emperor

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Section 1 Two Golden Ages of China

• In 960, the Song Dynasty came to power
• The Song period was a golden age for China
• The Chinese economy grew
• China dominated East Asia
• Merchants traded with Persia, India and the
  Middle East

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Section 1 Two Golden Ages of China

• The two main classes in China were the Gentry, or
  rich landowners, and the peasants
• Most Chinese belonged to the peasant class

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Section 1 Two Golden Ages of China

• The arts were important during the Tang and Song
  periods
• In literature Chinese writers wrote short stories
  and poetry
• Chinese landscape painting became popular during
  the Song period

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"I would follow you as ashes mix with dust."
A Poem of Chang'an (Chang'an xing) When my bangs
hung about my foreheadI played by the gates,
bending off flowers Riding on a horse of
bamboo, you comeCircling the well in play,
infant plums in hand Two children without
dislike or suspicion,Living in the land of
Chang'an. At fourteen I became your wife.My shy
cheeks widened for laughter not once.
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Section 1 Two Golden Ages of China

• The Chinese created the pagoda, a temple that the
  roof curved up at the corners

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Section 1 Two Golden Ages of China

• The Chinese became experts at making porcelain, a
  kind of pottery
• Chinese porcelain was the finest in the world

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Section 2 The Mongol Ming Empires

• Under their leader, Genghis Khan, the Mongols
  built the largest empire in the world

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Section 2 The Mongol Ming Empires

• The Mongols were fierce conquerors from the
  deserts north of China

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Section 2 The Mongol Ming Empires

• Despite their violent reputation, they were fair
  rulers
• During the 1200s and 1300s, the heirs of Genghis
  Khan established peace and order within the
  Mongol empire

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Section 2 The Mongol Ming Empires

• The Mongols valued trade, especially the wealth
  it provided them with ()
• The most important source of trade was the Silk
  Road

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Section 2 The Mongol Ming Empires

• The trade flowing along the Silk Road, allowed
  people from different cultures to mix within the
  Mongol Empire

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Section 2 The Mongol Ming Empires

• In 1279, Kublai Khan, the grandson of Genghis
  Khan, conquered the Song Dynasty in China
• Kublai Khan then set up the Yuan Dynasty
• The Mongols ruled China for 150 years

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Section 2 The Mongol Ming Empires

• Kublai Khan did not want the Mongols to be
  assimilated (absorbed) into the Chinese culture
• To this end he gave the best government jobs only
  to Mongols
• Only Mongols were allowed to serve in the military

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Section 2 The Mongol Ming Empires

• Most Chinese disliked Mongol rule
• In 1368, the Chinese overthrew the Yuan (Mongol)
  Dynasty
• The Chinese then began the Ming Dynasty

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Section 2 The Mongol Ming Empires

• The Ming Dynasty brought back the civil service
  system that had existed before the arrival of the
  Mongols

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Section 2 The Mongol Ming Empires

• The most important result of Ming rule was the
  Emperors decision to forbid the Chinese people
  from having contact with the rest of the world

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Voyages of Zheng He
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Section 3 Korea and its Traditions

• Korea is located on a peninsula in the East of
  Asia
• Peninsula A piece of land that projects into a
  body of water and is connected with the mainland
  by an isthmus.
• Steep mountains and the Yalu River separate Korea
  from China
• The Southern tip of Korea points toward Japan

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Section 3 Korea and its Traditions

• Since Korea is near both China and Japan it has
  served as a link between them
• Throughout its history Koreans have adopted
  Chinese ideas and passed them on to the Japanese

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Section 3 Korea and its Traditions

• Chinese civilization has always influenced Korea

Buddhism Confucian Ideas Chinese System of
Writing Chinese Art Styles Porcelain
making Printing
China
Korea
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Section 4 The Emergence of Japan

• Japan is located on an archipelago, or chain of
  islands, near the Asian mainland close to Korea
  and China

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Section 4 The Emergence of Japan

• Japan is part of the Ring of Fire, which has many
  earthquakes, volcanoes, and tidal waves called
  tsunamis

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Section 4 The Emergence of Japan

• Because the land is very mountainous, people
  settled along the coast and in the narrow river
  valleys

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Section 4 The Emergence of Japan

• Around 500 A.D., the Yamato clan gained control
  of Japan and set up Japans first, and only
  dynasty
• The current emperor still traces his root to the
  Yamato clan

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Section 4 The Emergence of Japan

• Through the Koreans, the Japanese learned about
  Chinese culture
• In the 600s, a Yamato ruler sent Japanese nobles
  to China to study
• These noble brought Chinese ideas and technology
  back to Japan
• The Japanese then adopted many Chinese ways

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Section 4 The Emergence of Japan

• By the 800s, the Tang Dynasty in China began to
  decline and the Japanese became less interested
• The Japanese began to blend the Chinese ideas
  with their own to create a unique civilization

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Section 4 The Emergence of Japan

• Main Idea
• The Japanese borrowed elements of Chinese
  Civilization, but remained free of Chinese control

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Section 5 Japans Feudal Age

• In Japan during the 1100s, local warlords fought
  each other
• While armies fought for power, feudalism developed

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Section 5 Japans Feudal Age

• The emperor had no real power
• Military rulers called Shoguns set up their own
  dynasties

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Section 5 Japans Feudal Age

• Feudal Society in Japan
• 1. Emperor
• 2. Shogun
• 3. Samurai
• 4. Peasants
• 4. Artisans
• 6. Merchants

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1. Emperor
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2. Shogun
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3. Samurai
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4. Peasants Artisans
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6. Merchants
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Section 5 Japans Feudal Age

• Feudal Society in Japan
• 1. Emperor
• 2. Shogun
• 3. Samurai
• 4. Peasants
• 4. Artisans
• 6. Merchants