The Second World War

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The Second World War

• Mr. Ermer
• World History Honors
• Miami Beach Senior High

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Path To War

• 1920s Hitler tells Germans they are destined to
  rule a land to the east
• Starts preparing for war with Soviet Union
• 1935 Hitler creates an air force, starts draft
• This violates Treaty of Versailles
• 1936 Germany militarizes the Rhineland
• Britain takes policy of appeasement
• Hitler backs up Italys invasion of Ethiopia
• Both support Franco in Spanish Civil War
• Germany signs anti-commie treaty with Japan
• Mussolini calls partnership Berlin-Rome Axis

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Nazis on the March

• 1938 Germany annexes Austria
• Hitler demands part of Czechoslovakia
• Munich conf. grants Hitler the Sudetenland
• 1939 Hitler takes the rest of western Czech
• Hitler also controls independent Slovakia
• Hitler threatens Poland, Britain offers help
• France and Britain begin to negotiate with Joseph
  Stalin, know Soviets are powerful enough to hold
  off Germany in E. Europe

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Nazis and Communism

• To prevent a two front war (like WWI) Hitler
  makes agreement with Stalin
• Nazi-Soviet Nonaggression Pact
• Promises Stalin half of Poland and the Baltics
• Hitler plans to take those lands back when he
  attacks the Soviet Union anyway
• September 1, 1939 Hitler invades Poland
• September 3, 1939 The United Kingdom and France
  declare war on Germany

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Japans Path To War

• September 1931 Japan seizes Manchuria
• League of Nations condemns the attack
• Japan pulls out of the League of Nations
• Japanese begin to expand into N. China
• China was in the middle of civil war
• 1936 Chiang Kai-shek (non-Communist) joins
  forces with Communists against Japanese, Japan
  takes capital of Nanjing
• Cheng moves the government upriver

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New Asian Order

• Japan wants the Chinese to join them in a New
  Asian Order where Japan can lead all of East Asia
  to prosperity, and power
• Japan wants eastern Russia (Siberia)
• Japan and Germany join forces against USSR
• Germanys nonaggression pact with Stalin makes
  Japan look south for resources
• Japan invades SE Asia, Europe/US not happy
• US imposes sanctions on Japan
• Japan launches a surprise attack on US and
  European targets in the Pacific/SE Asia

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Japan At War

• December 7, 1941 Japan bombs Hawaii
• Also attack US Philippines and British Malaya
• April 1942 Japan controls most of Asia and
  western Pacific Ocean
• Japan establishes a community in Asia
• Japanese attacks unify Americans for war
• Hitler declares war on the United States,
  thinking the US will be distracted by Japan
• The world is at waragain.

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Europe At War

• Europe is stunned by efficiency of Nazi army
• Blitzkrieg lightning war 300 tanks supported
  by air and ground support
• April 9, 1940 Hitler attacks Denmark, Norway
• May 10 attack Netherlands, Belgium, France
• June 22 France surrenders, Germans control 3/5
  of France, set up puppet government
• United States denounces Germany, stays out of
  warisolationism, but supplies UK with weapons,
  food, planes, ships, supplies

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The Battle of Britain

• August 1940 German Luftwaffe launches air attack
  of Great Britainmilitary only
• Radar provides British early warning
• British bomb Berlin, Hitler unleashes brutal air
  attack of British citiesLondon
• Allows Britain to quickly rebuild air force
• Luftwaffe having trouble with new air force
• Hitler postpones invasion of Britain

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Attack on the Soviets

• Hitler thinks UK holding for hope of USSR
• Hitler wants British gone, attacks Soviets
• Soviets did not have weapons like Germany
• Hitler expects Soviets to go down quick
• Originally wanted to invade March 1941
• Mussolinis failed invasion of Greece delays
  plans
• Hitler invades USSR June 22, 1941
• Germany advances quickly, but Soviets stop them
  in early winter
• Germans unprepared for Russian winter, fail

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Battle of Stalingrad
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Work Now

• On page 489, write and answer questions 1-5