Pr

1
First Sino-French Conference On Sustainable Urban
Transport Systems November 11-14,
2008 Shanghaï, China
setec
A Methodology for Sustainable Mobility and
Transport Planning Studies Alain BLOCH / Setec
International
2
setec
Independent Engineering Group
design??
master ??
www.setec.fr
3
Table of Contents??
A Methodology for Sustainable Mobility and
Transport Planning Studies

• A Brief presentation of the Setec Group
• Why a transport planning study?
• First phase data collection and diagnosis
• Second phase objectives and general scheme
• Third phase tools, planning, programming,
  phasing
• Remarks about
• Consultation
• Modelling
• Communication
• Feasibility Study for a Public Transport Line a
  practical example (City of Caen)

3
4
A Brief Presentation of the Setec Group
Presentation Range of Services Our references
Methodology

• founded in 1957, the setec group is now one of
  Frances largest engineering firms it is
  completely independent
• Setec ?????1957?,?????????????
• in 2008, setec has a staff of almost 1,500 in
  France and abroad, among them 1,000 engineers
• ?2008?,????????1500???????
• subsidiaries and branches abroad
• Hungary, Iran, Japan, Luxemburg, Marocco,
  Russia, Tunisia
• ??????,??,??,???,???,??????????
• annual sales in 2007 (only French
  subsidiaries) 143 M
• 2007?????(??????)1.43 ???

4
5
Presentation Range of Services Our references
Methodology
Ranges of Services ????
transport economy mobility ????? transport
systems ???? infrastructures ???? buildings
??? industry ?? water and waste
???????? environement ???? project management
???? strategy, organisation ?????,???? urban and
transport planning ??,?? telecommunications Ict
??????Ntic intelligent transport systems ??????
Consulting ?? Design ?? Supervision of
Works ???? Assistance to the Owner ??????
for
5
6
Major projects ????
Presentation Range of Services Our references
Methodology

• Transport and infrastructures
• ?????????
• Environement ??
• Urban planning ??
• Building ??
• Industry ??
• Telecom ??

• Tunnels ??
• Autoroutes (A43, A87, A89,...)????(A43,A87,A89)?

Tunnel sous la Manche ??????

• Economie des transports ????
• Ligne à Grande Vitesse Rhin-Rhône
• ??????????

• Transports en commun urbains ??????
• Tramway de lAgglomération Orléanaise
• ??????????

• Infrastructures fluviales, maritimes et
  aéroportuaires ??, ???????????
• Extension du port de la Condamine à Monaco
  ??????????????

• Infrastructures ferroviaires ??????
• Ligne ferroviaire Lyon-Turin
• ?????????

• Systèmes et équipements ?????
• Déplacement et transport routier en Ile de France
• ???????

• Ponts et routes ?????
• Viaduc de Millau
• Millau ???

6
7
Major projects ????
Presentation Range of Services Our references
Methodology

• Transport and infrastructures
• ?????????
• Environement ??
• Urban planning ??
• Building ??
• Industry ??
• Telecom ??

Déplacements urbains ???? Déplacement et
transport routier en Ile de France ???????????
Aménagement urbain ???? Ville nouvelle de NORTH
BAHRAIN ?BAHRAIN ??
Déplacements urbains ???? Plan de déplacements
urbains de lile-de-France (Paris)? ??????????
Déplacements urbains ???? Révision du PDU de
lagglomération toulousaine ?????????????PDU
7
8
Urban Public Transport ??????
Design / Building of infrastructures ????/??????
Presentation Range of Services Our references
Methodology
Transport Economics ????
Tramway des Maréchaux (Paris) ???? Tramway in
Orléans ????? Tramways in Paris area??????
Systems ??
Rolling Stock / Equipments ????
8
9
Presentation Range of Services Our references
Methodology
Urban Public Transport ??????

• Traditional metros Marseille, Lyon, Paris (Eole,
  Meteor)
• ??????,??, ??(Eole, Meteor)?
• Automatic metros Val de Lille, Toulouse, Rennes,
  SAT de Roissy ?????Val de Lille, ???, Rennes,
  SAT de Roissy
• Light Metro Systems (Tramway) Paris City and
  Paris Suburb, Caen, Nantes, Nancy, Nice, Orléans,
  Rouen, Strasbourg, Toulon, Valenciennes
• ????????,??,??,??,??,???,
• BRT Val de Marne, Rouen, Douai, Lyon, Cannes
• ?????
• Urban transportation Plans and Sustainable
  Mobility Policies Ile-de-France (Paris), Monaco,
  Toulouse, Le Mans, Tours, Pau
• ?????????,???,???,??...
• Intermodal nodes Nantes, Cannes, Vannes,
  Ile-de-France
• ????????,??,???...

9
10
Projets TCSP réalisés en France ??????????
Valenciennes
Rouen
Nancy
Région parisienne
Région parisienne
Caen
Orléans
Nantes
Toulouse
Nice
Toulouse
Toulon
11
Projets TCSP réalisés - IDF ???????????
???
12
Modelling ????
Presentation Range of Services Our references
Methodology
Model City of Paris ????????
Model France ????????
Model Caen LV?????????
Model Caen PT ???????
12
13
Transport Modelling
Presentation Range of Services Our references
Methodology

• Tools and methodology
• A Practical Guidebook for Urban Modelling for
  CERTU
• New software for the French Road Administration
• Urban and regional models
• Caen, Marseille, Reims, Toulon ,Toulouse area
  (multimodal models)?
• Paris, Lyon, Bordeaux (road models)?
• Tokyo, Varsovie, Dakar (road models)?
• Intercity models
• Passenger traffic National Multimodal Model for
  the French Railways (RFF), numerous High-Speed
  Lines in France (multimodal), Gibraltar tunnel
  between Spain and Marocco (multimodal), numerous
  road traffic models for motorways in France and
  abroad
• Goods traffic (multilodal) Lyons-Torino, Canal
  Seine-Nord Europe

13
14
Presentation Range of Services Our references
Methodology
Setec in China setec ??????
Opéra de Pékin (calcul des structures)? ?????
(????)?
14
15
Methodology Why a transport planning study?
Presentation Range of Services Our references
Methodology
Why analyzing mobility?

• Chinese Cities an exponential growth
• Very important infrastructure works in a very
  short time
• How to define a consistent transport system?
• How to build an harmonious urban development and
  a sustainable transport system?
• Analyzing mobility enables to answer various
  questions and problems
• Strategy, Planning
• Programming
• Estimate of economical and financial
  profitability
• Design of networks
• Environmental impact (noise, air pollution,
  greenhouse effect)

15
16
Methodology 3 phases
Presentation Range of Services Our references
Methodology

• Phase 1 Data Collection and Diagnosis
• Phase 2 Definition of Objectives and General
  Concept
• Phase 3 Tools and Plan of Action / Programming
• Then Special Studies about the various proposed
  actions.
• For instance, a Public Transport Project

16
17
Methodology / Phase 1 Data Collection Diagnosis
Aims
Presentation Range of Services Our references
Methodology

• Getting an overall photo, and if possible, a
  dynamic analysis of the transport situation in a
  city in order to understand
• the socio-economic dynamic (population and
  employment growth, location of urban extensions,
  car ownership)?
• how each mode works and their relation with urban
  development
• the volume and the structure of the trips
• the dynamic of traffic modal split, growth for
  each mode
• Identifying the dysfunctions and the
  inconsistencies of the transport system

Data to be collected (documentation, statistics,
surveys)?

• Maps, aerial photos,
• Physical (including ITS) and service
  characteristics of all transport networks
• Urban planning existing documentation and
  projects
• Location and characteristics of specific traffic
  generators
• Socio-economic data (population, employment, car
  ownership)?
• Transport surveys (household surveys see
  special training by CERTU -, counts,
  origin-destination, car parking, travel times,
  location of congestion)?
• Safety data (accidents)?
• Environmental problems

17
18
Methodology / Phase 1 Data Collection Diagnosis
Examples 1 socio-economics
Presentation Range of Services Our references
Methodology
Strong population growth / suburban sprawl²
Car ownership increases with the distance to the
centre
18
19
Methodology / Phase 1 Data Collection Diagnosis
Examples 2 structure of trips
Presentation Range of Services Our references
Methodology
The household survey makes appear the main
problems to be solved
A more accurate analysis of the household survey
shows that inside four areas in the suburb half
of the trips stay inside each of these areas
19
20
Methodology / Phase 1 Data Collection Diagnosis
Examples 3 use of metro
Presentation Range of Services Our references
Methodology
The opening of a second metro line has got a huge
impact upon modal split
However, only 35-40 of the population is served
by metro
20
21
Methodology / Phase 1 Data Collection Diagnosis
Example 4 transport costs
Presentation Range of Services Our references
Methodology
households
companies
public authorities
actors
public transportation
private car
Because of suburban sprawl and intensive car use,
the biggest part of transport costs is paid by
households
21
22
Methodology / Phase 2 Objectives and general
cpncept
Type of questions to be answered by local leaders
Presentation Range of Services Our references
Methodology

• What urban development within 20 years?
• Volume and location of population and employment?
• Type of town planning (dense, spread, one or
  several centres, mixed or specialized
  population, employment - areas) ?
• What place for each mode (car, public transport,
  walk, bike) in the various areas of the City?
• What role for car in the centre?
• What use for the various rings (if any)?
• What objectives in terms of emission of
  greenhouse effect gas?
• Who has to pay for transport?

22
23
Methodology / Phase 2 Objectives and general
cpncept
Constraints to be taken into account
Presentation Range of Services Our references
Methodology

• Functional some measures may produce bad effects
  
• Time concrete actions must be decided quickly
  why some measures need long time
• Money of course!
• People the transport policy must be acceptable

23
24
Methodology / Phase 2 Objectives and general
concept
Type of possible schemes (for the various modes
separately and combined)?
Presentation Range of Services Our references
Methodology

• Radial?
• Radio-concentric?
• Networking?

1 change, long trips
1 or 2 changes, short trips
1 change, short trips
24
25
Methodology / Phase 3 Tools, planning,
programming
4 main types of complementary tools
Presentation Range of Services Our references
Methodology
1. Long-term actions Consistent transport town
planning policies 2. Orientating the transport
demand Transport masterplan (city, firms)? E-ways
of life Tolls (infrastructures, areas)? Car
parking Multimodal ticket Public transport
fare Action for walk and bike Carless
spaces Control and punishment

• 3. Improving transport services
• Intermodal nodes
• Improving PT services
• Ticketting/Information
• Dynamic management of road
• Carpooling, carsharing
• Taxis
• 4. Developing transport supply
• Metro, tramway, BRT, bus
• Roads
• Using railways for urban trips

25
26
Methodology / Phase 3 Tools, planning,
programming
Some tools Town Planning
Presentation Range of Services Our references
Methodology

• Town Planning is the first lever to be used in
  order to master or reduce car using
• Consistence between transport masterplan and
  town planning
• At the scale of local area developments
• The town planners have to consider
• Density vs urban sprowl
• Mixed areas (housing and activities) vs
  specialized areas
• One center or several hierarchized centers

26
27
Methodology / Phase 3 Tools, planning,
programming
Presentation Range of Services Our references
Methodology
27
28
Methodology / Phase 3 Tools, planning,
programming
Some tools Use the modes complementarity
Presentation Range of Services Our references
Methodology
28
29
Methodology / Phase 3 Tools, planning,
programming
Some tools Developing Public Transport
Presentation Range of Services Our references
Methodology

• At City scale
• Developing complementary networks
• Organizing intermodal nodes
• Finding financing sources
• At area scale
• Sharing space
• Multimodal information
• At individual scale
• Fighting poor image
• Comfort, safety, price...

29
30
Methodology / Phase 3 Tools, planning,
programming
Some tools Levers to master road traffic
Presentation Range of Services Our references
Methodology

• Developing a car parking policy
• Easy and efficient ?
• Discrimination by time ?
• But sometimes unpopular ?
• Difficulty to master private car parking ?
• Urban toll
• Flexible ?
• A financing source ?
• Discrimination by money ?
• Difficult and expensive to operate ?

30
31
Methodology / Phase 3 Tools, planning,
programming
Some tools Developing  light  modes (Walk,
Bike)?
Presentation Range of Services Our references
Methodology

• At City scale
• Developing long-distance routes (continuity)?
• Reducing urban breaks, defining a network
• At area scale
• Thinking of pedestrians and bikers (cyclists)?
• Sharing public space
• Creating short ways for pedestrians and bikers
• At individual scale
• Fighting poor image
• Health

31
32
Methodology / Phase 3 Tools, planning,
programming
Presentation Range of Services Our references
Methodology

• Planning
• Long-term scheme
• General orientation
• Programming
• Medium-term programme
• Pluri-annual financing
• Phasing
• Adaptation to transport needs
• Adaptation to financial capabilities

32
33
Methodology / Remarks
Presentation Range of Services Our references
Methodology

• Consultation
• Various authorities must find a concensus
• Public consultation compulsory in France (PDU)
• Modelling
• A support decision tool
• Enables evaluation (carbon assessment)
• Communication
• Necessity to explain policies
• Acting upon individual behaviours

33
34
Methodology / Remarks
Presentation Range of Services Our references
Methodology
Why modelling traffic and mobility?

• Choices are made by politic leaders who need a
  decision support tool
• Complex phenomena, now and in the future
• Important impact of investments upon people life
  and public finances
• A model enables to know the sensitivity to
  various parameters
• A model is necessarely schematic but it must not
  be a caricature
• Must be based on reality (importance of field
  surveys)
• Must be transparent (data, assumptions)
• Must be considered as a tool used with critical
  thinking
• A model is not a simple software but a complex
  process, including
• Data bases
• Mathematic formula
• Computer tools
• Urban and socio-economic analysis and assumptions
• Critical analysis of results, risk analysis

34