Title: STRATEGY MEETING
1Math Tools for Unpacking Addressing the West
Virginia
Next Generation Math Standards
Elementary School Version
West Virginia RESAs 3 and 7Charleston and
Morgantown, WV
April, 2013
1
2Essential Workshop Questions
- What is the relationship between the Common Core
Standards an the Next Generation Math Standards,
and why were they developed? - How are the Next Generation Math Standards
organized? - What are the Six Instructional Shifts and the
Eight Mathematical Practices What are their role
in the Next Generation Standards? - What processes are useful for unpacking the
standards? - What are the implications of the Standards on the
way we approach the teaching and learning of
mathematics?
2
3VKR Math Vocabulary Activity
- Assess your Vocabulary Knowledge Rating (VKR) of
personal knowledge of these important workshop
words. - Consider each word and check the appropriate
column. Check 4 column, if you could explain and
teach others. Check 3 column if you know the
term well, but would not want to teach others.
Check 2 column if you have heard of the term.
Check 1 column if the word is new to you.
CCSS WV Institute 4 3 2 1
VKR
Standards for Mathematical Practices
Content Standards
etc.
4VKR Math Vocabulary Activity
1 2 3 4
Common Core StandardsNext Generation
StandardsStandardClusterObjectiveTeaching
StrategyStudent Engagement ActivityFive Stages
of TL MathSix Instructional Shifts Eight
Mathematical Practices
5Whats the connection between the Common Core
Standards and the Next Generation Standards, and
why were these standards developed?
5
6What are the Common Core Standards?
The Common Core Standards are a product of a U.S.
education initiative that seeks to bring diverse
state curricula into alignment with each other by
following the principles of standards-based
education reform. The initiative is sponsored by
the National Governors Association (NGA) and the
Council of Chief State School Officers (CCSSO).
At this time, 45 U.S. States are committed to
implementing the Common Core Standards.
7What are the Next Generation Standards?
The Next Generation Standards are West Virginias
education standards. These standards parallel
the Common Core Standards, and contain
modifications that meet the specific needs of
West Virginia. The Next Generation Standards
represent the next logical step in the
progression of the statewide movement called
EducateWV Enhancing Learning. For Now. For the
Future.
8Why were the new Standards developed?
- The Next Generation Standards were developed
to provide a consistent, clear understanding
of what students are expected to learn, so
teachers and parents know what they need to
do to help them. be robust and relevant to
the real world reflect the knowledge and
skills that our young people need for success
in college and careers
9Why were the new Standards developed?
- The Next Generation Standards were developed
to be sure that American students are fully
prepared for success in the global economy - help teachers zero in on the most important
knowledge and skills - establish shared goals among students,
parents, and teachers
10Why were the new Standards developed?
- The Next Generation Standards were developed
to help states and districts assess the
effectiveness of schools and classrooms and
give all students an equal opportunity for
high achievement - help solve the problem of discrepancies
between States test results and
International test results - replace the discrepant array of curriculums
that existed across the country
11How are the Next Generation Standards organized?
11
12Common Core and Next Generation Organization
Terminology
Common Core Standards (CCS)
Next Generation Standards (NGS)
Domain (CCS only)
Standards (CCS and NGS)
Cluster (CCS and NGS)
Objective (NGS only)
13Common Core Organization/Terminology
In the Common Core Standards, the terms domain,
standard, and cluster have the following
meanings. domain used for the broad math
strand or category name standard
more specific math category name (next
level beyond domain) cluster group of
specific learning objectives that
connect with the standard
14Common Core Standards for MathExample of how
they are organized
- Grade 5 Standard Operations and Algebraic
Thinking - Write and interpret numerical
expressionsM.5.OA.1 Use parentheses, brackets
or braces in numerical expressions, and evaluate
expressions with these symbols. - M.5.OA.2 Write simple expressions that record
calculations with numbers.
Domain
Standard
Cluster
15Next Generation Organization/Terminology
In the Next Generation Standards, the terms
standard, cluster, and objective have the
following meanings. standard used for the
broad math strand or category name
(replaces the CC word domain) cluster more
specific math category name (next
level beyond standard, replaces the CC
word standard) objectives specific things
that students should learn and be able
to do (listed in each cluster)
16How are the Next GenerationMath Standards
organized?
- Grade 5 Standard Operations and Algebraic
Thinking - Write and interpret numerical
expressionsM.5.OA.1 Use parentheses, brackets
or braces in numerical expressions, and evaluate
expressions with these symbols. - M.5.OA.2 Write simple expressions that record
calculations with numbers.
Standard
Cluster
Objectives
17The Next Generation Math Standards for Grades K-5
- The next five slides show the standards (broad
math categories or strands) for grades K-5. Note
the similarities and differences among the grade
levels.
18The Next Generation Math Standards for Grades K-5
- Kindergarten Standards
- Counting and CardinalityQuestions and Algebraic
ThinkingNumbers and Operations in Base
TenMeasurement and DataGeometry
19The Next Generation Math Standards for Grades K-5
- First Grade Standards
- Operations and Algebraic ThinkingNumbers and
Operations in Base TenMeasurement and
DataGeometry
20The Next Generation Math Standards for Grades K-5
- Second Grade Standards
- Operations and Algebraic ThinkingNumbers and
Operations in Base TenMeasurement and
DataGeometry
21The Next Generation Math Standards for Grades K-5
- Third Grade Standards
- Operations and Algebraic ThinkingNumbers and
Operations in Base TenNumbers and Operations
with FractionsMeasurement and DataGeometry
22The Next Generation Math Standards for Grades K-5
- Fourth Grade Standards
- Operations and Algebraic ThinkingNumbers and
Operations in Base TenNumbers and Operations
with FractionsMeasurement and DataGeometry
23The Next Generation Math Standards for Grades K-5
- Fifth Grade Standards
- Operations and Algebraic ThinkingNumbers and
Operations in Base TenNumbers and Operations
with FractionsMeasurement and DataGeometry
24The Next Generation Math Standards for Grades K-5
- The next five slides show the breakdown of the
common Operations and Algebraic Thinking
(Questions and Algebraic Thinking for
Kindergarten) standard for grades K-5. Each
slide shows the clusters for the standard, and
the number of objectives associated with each
cluster.
25The Next Generation Math Standards for Grades K-5
- Take note of the standard, cluster, and number of
objectives for each cluster. Work with a partner
from your grade level, and see if you can guess
what the objectives are for your grade-level
clusters.
26How are the Next Generation Math Standards
organized?
- Kindergarten Standard and Cluster
- Questions and Algebraic Thinking Understand
addition as putting together and adding to, and
understand subtraction as taking apart and taking
from (5 objectives)
27How are the Next Generation Math Standards
organized?
- First Grade Standard and Cluster
- Operations and Algebraic ThinkingRepresent and
Solve Problems Involving Addition and
Subtraction- (2 objectives) Understand and
Apply Properties of Operations and the
Relationship between Addition and
Subtraction- (2 objectives) Add and Subtract
within 20- (2 objectives) Work with Addition
and Subtraction Equations- (2 objectives)
28How are the Next Generation Math Standards
organized?
- Second Grade Standard and Cluster
- Operations and Algebraic Thinking Represent and
Solve Problems Involving Addition and
Subtraction- (1 objective) Add and Subtract
within 20- (1 objective) Work with Equal
Groups of Objects to Gain Foundations for
Multiplication- (2 objectives)
29How are the Next Generation Math Standards
organized?
- Third Grade Standard and Cluster
- Operations and Algebraic Thinking Represent and
Solve Problems Involving Multiplication and
Division- (4 objectives) Understand
Properties of Multiplication and the Relationship
between Multiplication and Division- (2
objectives) Multiply and Divide within 100- (1
objective) Solve Problems Involving the Four
Operations and Identify and Explain Patterns
in Arithmetic- (2 objectives)
30How are the Next Generation Math Standards
organized?
- Fourth Grade Standard and Cluster
- Operations and Algebraic Thinking Use the Four
Operations with Whole Numbers to Solve Problems-
(3 objectives) Gain Familiarity with Factors
and Multiples- (1 objective) Generate and
Analyze- (1 objective)
31How are the Next Generation Math Standards
organized?
- Fifth Grade Standard and Cluster
- Operations and Algebraic Thinking Write and
Interpret Numerical Expressions- (2
objectives) Analyze Patterns and Relationships-
(1 objective)
32The Next Generation Math Standards for Grades K-5
- After guessing what the objectives are for each
cluster, work in grade-level teams and read the
objectives for each cluster identified in this
activity. For each objective, work together to
create a math problem that captures the essence
of the objective. The standard, clusters,
objectives and sample problems will be share with
the entire group to provide a K-5 vertical view
of the teaching and learning progressions
associated with the K-5 math program.
33Six Instructional Shifts Associated with West
Virginias Next Generation Math Standards
33
34 Six Instructional Shifts in Math
Focus
Coherence
Fluency
Understanding
Applications
Dual Intensity
New Points of Emphasis for Teaching the Next
Generation Standards
35Instructional Shifts
- Instructional Shifts within the common core are
needed for students to attain the standards.
Kelly L. Watts, RESA 3
366 Shifts in Mathematics
- Focus
- Coherence
- Fluency
- Deep Understanding
- Applications
- Dual Intensity
Kelly L. Watts, RESA 3
37Focus
- In reference to the TIMMS study, there is power
of the eraser and a gift of time. The Core is
asking us to prioritize student and teacher time,
to excise out much of what is currently being
taught so that we can put an end to the mile
wide, inch deep phenomenon that is American Math
education and create opportunities for students
to dive deeply into the central and critical math
concepts. We are asking teachers to focus their
time and energy so that the students are able to
do the same.
Kelly L. Watts, RESA 3
38Focus
- Teachers
- Make conscious decisions about what to excise
from the curriculum and what to focus on - Pay more attention to high leverage content and
invest the appropriate time for all students to
learn before moving onto the next topic - Think about how the concepts connect to one
another - Build knowledge, fluency, and understanding of
why and how we do certain math concepts.
- Students
- Spend more time thinking and working on fewer
concepts - Being able to understand concepts as well as
processes. (algorithms)
Kelly L. Watts, RESA 3
39Coherence
- We need to ask ourselves
- How does the work Im doing affect work at the
next grade level? - Coherence is about the scope and sequence of
those priority standards across grade bands. - How does multiplication get addressed across
grades 3-5? - How do linear equations get handled between 8 and
9? - What must students know when they arrive, what
will they know when they leave a certain grade
level?
Kelly L. Watts, RESA 3
40Coherence
- Students
- Build on knowledge from year to year, in a
coherent learning progression
- Teachers
- Connect the threads of math focus areas across
grade levels - Think deeply about what youre focusing on and
the ways in which those focus areas connect to
the way it was taught the year before and the
years after
Kelly L. Watts, RESA 3
41Fluency
- Fluency is the quick mathematical content what
you should quickly know. It should be recalled
very quickly. It allows students to get to
application much faster and get to deeper
understanding. We need to create contests in our
schools around these fluencies. This can be a
fun project. Deeper understanding is a result of
fluency. Students are able to articulate their
mathematical reasoning, they are able to access
their answers through a couple of different
vantage points its not just getting the answer
but knowing why. Students and teachers need to
have a very deep understanding of the priority
math concepts in order to manipulate them,
articulate them, and come at them from different
directions.
Kelly L. Watts, RESA 3
42Fluency
- Students
- Spend time practicing, with intensity, skills (in
high volume)
- Teacher
- Push students to know basic skills at a greater
level of fluency - Focus on the listed fluencies by grade level
- Create high quality worksheets, problem sets, in
high volume
Kelly L. Watts, RESA 3
43Deep Understanding
- The Common Core is built on the assumption that
only through deep conceptual understanding can
students build their math skills over time and
arrive at college and career readiness by the
time they leave high school. The assumption here
is that students who have deep conceptual
understanding can - Find answers through a number of different
routes - Articulate their mathematical reasoning
- Be fluent in the necessary baseline functions in
math, so that they are able to spend their
thinking and processing time unpacking
mathematical facts and make meaning out of them.
- Rely on their teachers deep conceptual
understanding and intimacy with the math concepts
Kelly L. Watts, RESA 3
44Deep Understanding
- Students
- Show, through numerous ways, mastery of material
at a deep level - Use mathematical practices to demonstrate
understanding of different material and concepts
- Teacher
- Ask yourself what mastery/proficiency really
looks like and means - Plan for progressions of levels of understanding
- Spend the time to gain the depth of the
understanding - Become flexible and comfortable in own depth of
content knowledge
Kelly L. Watts, RESA 3
45Applications
- The Common Core demands that all students engage
in real world application of math concepts.
Through applications, teachers teach and measure
students ability to determine which math is
appropriate and how their reasoning should be
used to solve complex problems. In college and
career, students will need to solve math problems
on a regular basis without being prompted to do
so.
Kelly L. Watts, RESA 3
46Applications
- Students
- Apply math in other content areas and situations,
as relevant - Choose the right math concept to solve a problem
when not necessarily prompted to do so
- Teachers
- Apply math in areas where its not directly
required (i.e. science) - Provide students with real world experiences and
opportunities to apply what they have learned
Kelly L. Watts, RESA 3
47Dual Intensity
- This is an end to the false dichotomy of the
math wars. It is really about dual intensity
the need to be able to practice and do the
application. Both things are critical.
Kelly L. Watts, RESA 3
48Dual Intensity
- Students
- Practice math skills with a intensity that
results in fluency - Practice math concepts with an intensity that
forces application in novel situations
- Teacher
- Find the dual intensity between understanding and
practice within different periods or different
units - Be ambitious in demands for fluency and
practices, as well as the range of application
Kelly L. Watts, RESA 3
49The Next Generation Math Standards for Grades K-5
- The next six slides show the six instructional
shifts and short instructional scenarios that
each connect with one of the shifts. Read each
scenario and determine the instructional shift
that it represents.
50 Six Instructional Shifts in Math
Fluency
Mrs. Johnson, a fifth-grade teacher, delivered
two informational lessons on the concept of
parentheses, brackets, braces, and numeric
expressions. After two days of paper/pencil
practice, she decided to teach her students the
550 Game (demonstrated in the Corwin/Silver
Strong workshop) and to let them compete in
pairs. Her goal was to help her 5th graders to
sharpen their proficiency with numeric
expressions and math symbols, and to mentally
process numbers faster.
51 Six Instructional Shifts in Math
Focus
In planning a unit on Place Value, Mrs. Smith
used the Five Stages planning tool (demonstrated
in the Corwin/Silver Strong workshop) to ensure
that she would design lessons and student
engagement activities that would help her
students to develop a strong knowledge base,
understanding of concepts, proficiency of skills,
and the ability to solve a variety of related
problems.
52 Six Instructional Shifts in Math
Dual Intensity
Principal Joe visited several math classes and
noticed that the lessons all emphasized
procedures, skills, and practice. Joe met with
the teachers and complimented them on their
thorough approach to skill development. Joe also
encouraged them to work together and to devise a
plan to show students how those math skills are
used in the real world. The goal would be to
continue to strengthen students skills, and to
teach students how to use those skills in problem
solving.
53 Six Instructional Shifts in Math
Coherence
Several math teachers and administrators from
participated in a joint exercise where they
investigated several Next Generation math
objectives from grades levels K-5. The
participants developed sample math problems that
aligned with the K-5 objectives and shared their
work with each other, so they could all
understand how the curriculum pieces fit
together.
54 Six Instructional Shifts in Math
Understanding
Prior to learning the rules associated with
operations on fractions and mixed numbers,
students participated in the Fraction Paper
Cutting Activity (demonstrated in the
Corwin/Silver Strong workshop). The
student-centered activity allowed students to cut
paper, form fraction pieces, and use their paper
pieces to model and investigate a variety of
fraction problems.
55 Six Instructional Shifts in Math
Applications
Mr. Williams noticed that his fourth-grade
science curriculum presented a number of
opportunities to integrate math into several
science lessons, and vice versa. Mr. Williams
decided to create a simple correlation of science
concepts with math concepts that featured common
math concepts and skills, so they can be taught
together.
56The Six Instructional Shifts
- Can you remember the Six Instructional Shifts?
The Great Coverup Strategy, shown on the next
slide, will challenge you to see how many shifts
you can recall and recite.
57Six Instructional Shifts
Focus
Coherence
Fluency
Understanding
Application
Dual Intensity
57
58Standards for the Eight Mathematical Practices
58
59 Making a case . . .
Work individually and investigate the result of
adding two even whole numbers. Is the sum always,
sometimes, or never even? Create a sensible rule
for adding two even whole numbers and the
expected result. Explain why your rule
works. Continue to work individually and
investigate the result of adding two odd whole
numbers. Is the sum always, sometimes, or never
odd? Create a sensible rule for adding two odd
whole numbers and the expected result. Explain
why your rule works.
Share your findings, rules, and explanations with
a learning partner. Will your rules always work?
Be sure to critique your partners argument.
60 Making a case . . .
In the preceding activity, participants had
opportunities to think about math, investigate
math, draw conclusions, communicate their
findings to other participants, and critique each
others thinking. This kind of math engagement
satisfies one of the 8 Mathematical Practices
shown below.
Mathematical Practice 3 Construct viable
arguments and critique the reasoning of others
The Eight Mathematical Practice are shown on the
next slide.
61The 8 Mathematical Practices
Building insights about meaning, and learning how
to communicate those insights
- 1. Make sense of problems and persevere in
solving them. - 2. Reason abstractly and quantitatively.
- 3. Construct viable arguments and critique the
reasoning of others - 4. Model with mathematics.
- 5. Use appropriate tool strategically.
- 6. Attend to precision.
- 7. Look for and make use of structure.
- 8. Look for and express regularity in repeated
reasoning.
62Eight Mathematical Practices Applied to a Real
Standard
Review the list of Eight Mathematical Practices.
How can they be applied to the standard and
objectives below?
- Grade 5 Standard Operations and Algebraic
Thinking - Cluster Write and interpret numerical
expressionsM.5.OA.1 Use parentheses, brackets or
braces in numerical expressions, and evaluate
expressions with these symbols. - M.5.OA.2 Write simple expressions that record
calculations with numbers.
63Unpacking the Standards
63
64Unpacking the Standards
- Many organization templates and tools exist and
can be used to unpack math standards. One such
tool is the Five Stages Unpacking Tool for Math
Standards. This tool is aligned with the Five
Stages of Teaching and Learning Mathematics. The
next three slides provide an explanation of the
Five Stages of Teaching and Learning Math.
65Try this . . .
1. Write the numerical expression for the sum of
the interior angles of a polygon with n sides.
(n 2)180
2. Explain why this formula works.
3. Use the formula to calculate the sum of the
interior angles of an octagon.
(8 2)180 6(180) 600 480 1080 degrees
4. Knowing that 3 interior angles of home plate
are right angles, find the measures of the other
two.
66Try this . . .
4. Knowing that 3 interior angles of home plate
are right angles, find the measures of the other
two.
(n 2)180
(5 2)180
(3)180
540
540 270 270
270 2 135o
67Try this . . .
1. Write the numerical expression for the sum of
the interior angles of a polygon with n sides.
(n 2)180
Knowledge
2. Explain why this formula works.
Understanding
3. Use the formula to calculate the sum of the
interior angles of an octagon.
Proficiency of Skills
(8 2)180 1080 degrees
4. Knowing that 3 interior angles of home plate
are right angles, find the measures of the other
two.
Applications
Each angle 135 degrees
Retention
5. Now that you know how to solve this kind of
problem, what will help you to remember how to
solve the
problem for future applications?
68The Five Stages of Teaching and Learning
Mathematics
- Success or failure associated with solving an
arbitrary math problem comes down to five
questions. 1. Did the student know the math
vocabulary, terms, formulas, and number facts
associated with the problem?2. Did the student
understand the math concepts, hidden questions,
and math connections in the problem?3. Was the
student fluent with respect to the math
procedures and skills needed to solve the
problem?4. Was the student able to apply the
knowledge, understanding, and skills in relation
to the real-world context of the problem?5. Was
the student able to retain or remember important
math facts, skills, and concepts needed to solve
the problem?
69The Five Stages of Teaching and Learning
Mathematics
- The Five Stages of Teaching and Learning
Mathematics is a helpful framework for planning,
teaching, and assessing a math lesson or unit. - The Five Stages of Teaching and Learning
Mathematics can also serve as a model for
unpacking a math standard.
70The Five Stages of Teaching and Learning Math
Knowledge
Understanding
Proficiency of Skills
Applications
Retention
Great Considerations for Unpacking a Math Standard
71The Five Stages of Teaching and Learning
Mathematics
- The next three slides provide an example of how
the Five Stages of Teaching and Learning Math can
be used to unpack a math objective. A sample
objective is shown below. - Grade 4 M.4.NF4 Apply and extend previous
understandings of multiplication to multiply a
fraction by a whole number.
72Unpacking Grade4 M.4.NF4
- Grade 4 M.4.NF4 Apply and extend previous
understandings of multiplication to multiply a
fraction by a whole number.
Knowledge
Teaching Strategies
product- answer to multiplication
problem The fractional equivalent to a whole
number n is n/1. 1 times any number is the
number itself. 0 times any number is zero n x
a/b na/b how to simplify an improper fraction
Mental Math Strings that feature these
facts The Great Cover Up Convergence
Mastery Proceduralizing
Understanding
Teaching Strategies
For any fraction a/b, a is the number of
times that 1/b occurs If n gt1, then n x a/b is
greater than a/b. The concept of n x a/b
expresses the idea of bringing the amount a/b to
the table n times. improper fraction and proper
fraction equivalencies
The hands-on/multiplication component of the
Fraction Paper Cutting Activity
73Unpacking Grade4 M.4.NF4
- Grade 4 M.4.NF4 Apply and extend previous
understandings of multiplication to multiply a
fraction by a whole number.
Proficiency of Skills
Teaching Strategies
Multiply any whole number n times any of
the common fractions a/b where b 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
6, 8, 10, and 12. Simplify problems of the
type n x a/b n x a/b m and n x a/b
c/b
Mental Math Strings that feature these
facts The Great Cover Up Algebra War Games
(modified) Timed Challenges (for fractions)
Convergence Mastery
Applications
Teaching Strategies
Work with Tangram pieces Solve problems
involving fractional pieces of Hersheys
chocolate bars Solve two-step word problems
Solve problems involving fractional parts of time
and money
Task Rotation applied to problem solving
Graduated Difficulty Modeling and
Experimentation
74Unpacking Grade4 M.4.NF4
- Grade 4 M.4.NF4 Apply and extend previous
understandings of multiplication to multiply a
fraction by a whole number.
Retention
Teaching Strategies
General Math Facts Measurement
Equivalencies Properties of Fractions
Patterns
Review math facts using Timed Challenges
Incorporate measurement equivalencies in fraction
problems Create patterns based on whole numbers
x fractions
8 Math Practices that apply
1. Make sense of problems and persevere in
solving them. (All problems and experiences)2.
Reason abstractly and quantitatively. (Fraction
Paper Cutting Activity)3. Construct viable
arguments and critique the reasoning of others
(Is nxa/b always gt a/b?)4. Model with
mathematics. (Fraction Paper Cutting Activity,
Tangrams, Candy bars)5. Use appropriate tool
strategically.6. Attend to precision. (Computing
exact answers, not estimates)7. Look for and make
use of structure.8. Look for and express
regularity in repeated reasoning. (n x a/b always
equals na/b.)
75The Five Stages of Teaching and Learning
Mathematics
- The next two slides provide a sample objective
for grades K-5. Work with a grade level partner.
Unpack the objective using the Five Stages
Unpacking Tool. Make connections between the
Eight Mathematical Practices and the things that
students will learn and experience as they learn
the math associated with the objective.
76Unpacking the Common Core Math Standards
The Five Stages of Teaching and Learning
Mathematics
Grade K Solve addition and subtraction word
problems, by adding and subtracting within 10, by
using objects or drawings Grade 1 Apply
properties of operations as strategies to add and
subtract within 20 Grade 2 Use addition and
subtraction within 100 to solve one and two-step
word problems
Knowledge
Understanding
Proficiency of Skills
Applications
Retention
Work with a partner, choose a standard, and
unpack the standard using the Five Stages tool.
77Unpacking the Next Generation Math Standards
The Five Stages of Teaching and Learning
Mathematics
Grade 3 Fluently multiply and divide within 100,
using strategies such as the relationship between
multiplication and division Grade 4 Solve
multi-step word problems, posed with whole
numbers, using the four operations Grade 5 Use
parentheses, brackets, or braces in numerical
expressions, and evaluate expressions with these
symbols
Knowledge
Understanding
Proficiency of Skills
Applications
Retention
Work with a partner, choose a standard, and
unpack the standard using the Five Stages tool.
78Instructional Considerations
The 3- 4- 5- Math Instructional Model
78
79The 3- 4- 5- Math Instructional Model
RVD
3
Repetition, Variation of Context, Depth of Study
4
The Four Learning Styles and Task Rotation
5
The Five Stages of Teaching and Learning Math
80Teaching math associated with the Next Generation
Standards Mathematics
- The next slides provide important information
about The RVD Instructional Model, The Four
Learning Styles of students, and The Five
Stages of Teaching and Learning Math - Each of these have important roles in the
teaching and learning of mathematics.
81R - V - D
RVD provides teachers with three important ideas
that can be applied to the teaching and learning
process. Repetition reminds us that practice is
an essential tool for developing fluency and
proficiency with math skills and procedures.
Variation reminds us that students need to
experience math in more than one context.
Different instructional and application contexts
give students opportunities to make important
connections and deepen their understanding of
math. Depth reminds us that students need to
learn and experience all aspects of a math
concept and not superficially engage in exercises
that only scratch the surface.
82Introduction to the Four Learning Styles
Interpersonal Learner
Mastery Learner
Understanding Learner
Self-Expressive Learner
83Introduction to the Four Learning Styles
Mastery Learners
Want to learn practical information and
procedures
Like math problems that are algorithmic
Approach problem solving in a step by step
manner
Experience difficulty when math becomes abstract
Are not comfortable with non-routine problems
Want a math teacher who models new skills,
allows time for practice, and builds in feedback
and coaching sessions
84Introduction to the Four Learning Styles
Interpersonal Learners
Want to learn math through dialogue and
collaboration
Like math problems that focus on real world
applications
Approach problem solving as an open discussion
among a community of problem solvers
Experience difficulty when instruction focuses
on independent seatwork
Want a math teacher who pays attention to their
successes and struggles in math
Want a math teacher who pays attention to their
successes and struggles in math
Want a math teacher who pays attention to their
successes and struggles in math
85Introduction to the Four Learning Styles
Understanding Learners
Want to understand why the math they learn works
Like math problems that ask them to explain or
prove
Approach problem solving by looking for
patterns and identifying hidden questions
Experience difficulty when there is a focus on
the social environment of the classroom
Want a math teacher who challenges them to
think and who lets them explain their thinking
Want a math teacher who pays attention to their
successes and struggles in math
Want a math teacher who pays attention to their
successes and struggles in math
86Introduction to the Four Learning Styles
Self-Expressive Learners
Want to use their imagination to explore math
Like math problems that are non-routine
Approach problem solving by visualizing the
problem, generating possible solutions and
explaining alternatives
Experience difficulty when instruction focuses
on drill and practice and rote problem solving
Want a math teacher who invites imagination and
creative problem solving into the math classroom
Want a math teacher who pays attention to their
successes and struggles in math
Want a math teacher who pays attention to their
successes and struggles in math
87The Four Learning Styles
Research shows that student learn in different
ways. The Four Learning Styles provide the basis
for a teaching and learning framework that
addresses the different ways students learn. By
providing rich learning experiences that reflect
the different learning styles, teachers can lead
more students to success in math. The Task
Rotation Teaching Strategy provides four tasks,
one for each type of learner. Students who study
math through the contexts of different learning
styles will increase their levels of success in
math.
88The Five Stages of Teaching and Learning Math
Knowledge
Understanding
Proficiency of Skills
Applications
Retention
Great Considerations for Planning, Teaching, and
Assessing a Math Lesson
89The Five Stages of Teaching and Learning
Mathematics
- Success or failure associated with solving a math
problem comes down to five questions. 1. Did
the student know the math terms, formulas, and
number facts associated with the problem?2. Did
the student understand the math concepts, hidden
questions, and math connections in the
problem?3. Was the student fluent with respect
to the math procedures and skills needed to solve
the problem?4. Was the student able to apply
the knowledge, understanding, and skills in the
context of the problem?5. Was the student able
to retain or remember important math facts,
skills, and concepts needed to solve the problem.
90Cooperative Planning Activity
- Work together and talk about how you will use the
information and strategies, featured in this
workshop, to improve math instruction and
achievement in your classroom(s).
91Workshop Reflections
Specific facts and ideas that I learned today
Things I learned that will really help me in my
classroom
Why the things I learned will help my students to
learn math
Creative modifications and extentions to the
things I learned today