Dr. Christian Bode

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International mobility and cooperationThe
impact of Bologna

• Dr. Christian Bode
• Bonn, 7 July 2006

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CONTENT

• The Bologna Process Mobility and Quality
• International Mobility in Germany and Europe
• International Mobility New EU Programmes
• IV. The impact of Bologna Trends, Challenges

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I. The Bologna Process Mobility and
QualityBologna 1988

• Continuing the European humanist tradition
• Respect the great harmonies of life
• Inseparability of research and training
• Intellectual and moral independence
• Open to dialogue
• Universal knowledge

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I. The Bologna Process Mobility and
Quality Bologna 1999

• Constructing a European Area of H. E.
• International competitiveness of European H. E.
  system
• Compatibility of systems of H. E. in Europe
• Easily comparable degrees
• Establishment of a system of credits
• Co-operation in quality assurance

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I. The Bologna Process Mobility and QualityEU
Policy and the Bologna Process
Bologna Bologna Declaration 1999 Mobility and
Quality
European Union Lisbon Declaration 2000 "Europe as
the most competitive and dynamic knowledge-based
economy in the world"
?
?
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The Bologna Process Mobility and QualityWhich
Europe?
The Europe of the Bologna Process
The EU and ERASMUS Europe
"Europe" has many definitions. The Europe of
ERASMUS includes 31 countries. The Europe of the
Bologna Process (the so-called European Higher
Education Area) includes 45 signatory countries.
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I. The Bologna Process Mobility and QualityThe
Political Goals of Bologna

• Political framework for more mobility
• removing obstacles to mobility (recognition of
  degrees and study periods with ECTS and Diploma
  Supplement, visa and work permits)
• facilitating portability of grants and loans
  (e.g. BAFÖG)
• encouraging participation in mobility programmes
• Funding of mobility provided by national or EU
  mobility programmes.

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I. The Bologna Process Mobility and
Quality Mobility What?
Study-related stays abroad of minimum 3 months
1. Study abroad 2. Internships 3. Intensive
language courses
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I. The Bologna Process Mobility and
Quality Mobility Why?
1. Political/economic reasons 2. Institutional
reasons 3. Individual reasons
The ERASMUS Students Experiencefindings of
Kassel (2005) More than 90 of all students
satisfied with study abroad
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I. The Bologna Process Mobility and
QualityMobility When?
Germany
Abroad
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II. International Mobility in Germany and
EuropeGerman Students abroad How many?
62.000
49.000
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
Aim 50
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II. International Mobility in Germany and
EuropeInternational Students in Germany How
many?
International Students(187.000)
German Students(1.720.000)
Aim 10 international students in Germany
In addition there are 60.000 Students with
foreign passports but who are permanent residents
in Germany and have graduated at a High School in
Germany (so called "Bildungsinländer").
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II. International Mobility in Germany and
EuropeDestination Germany Home Countries
26.000
Source Federal Statistics Office
187.000 International Students in Germany
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II. International Mobility in Germany and
Europe International Student-flow
Europa 409.425 14
Europa 766.04926
N/Amerika 91.668 3,1
Asien 153.162 5,2
N/Amerika 493.483 16,7
Asien 687.959 23,3
2,2 Mio. internationale Studierende
Australien Ozeanien 48.298 1,6
S/Amerika 55.264 1,9
AustralienOzeanien 15.898 0,5
S/Amerika 12.678 0,4
Afrika 185.401 6,3
Afrika 28.070 1
Source IIE Open Doors 2003
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II. International Mobility in Germany and
EuropeIncoming Students to EURODATA Europe
Where they come from
Source Eurodata 2006
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II. International Mobility in Germany and
EuropeEurodata Students Where they go
Most European Students who study abroad don't
leave Europe. A substantial group goes to the US
whereas other non-European countries dont play a
significant role. "Emerging" host countries are
Australia and China.
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III. International Mobility New EU
Programmes How to increase mobility?
1. Information 2. Right of residence 3. Recognitio
n / Transfer 4. Portability of grants 5. Funding
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III. International Mobility New EU
Programmes Right of Residence
EU Law
German Law
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III. International Mobility New EU
Programmes Recognition of Degrees
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III. International Mobility New EU
Programmes Portability of Grants and loans
 

• Portability of grants for part of study
  programme 18 countries
• Portability of grants for complete study
  programme 14 countries
• Portability of loans 12 countries
• Prerequisites for the portability of BAföG in
  Germany

 

• a study period of one year in Germany before
  continuing in one of the EU-member-states OR
• studies abroad are part of a study-programme by a
  German and a foreign university with mutual
  recognition OR
• studies abroad fit sensibly into educational
  background, will be beneficial and can at least
  be partly recognised within Germany.

 
Results of an inventory by the Center for Higher
Education Policy Studies (CHEPS) in August 2004
in 20 EU Member states plus Norway
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II. International Mobility in Germany and
EuropeA new record 144.000 Mobile ERASMUS
Students in 2004/2005
EU-ERASMUS Länder
Andere ERASMUS Länder Bulgarien, Island,
Liechtenstein, Norwegen, Rumänien und Türkei
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II. International Mobility in Germany and
EuropeERASMUS Mobility Top Subjects
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International Mobility New EU Programmes New EU
Lifelong Learning Programme (2007 - 2013)
Lifelong Learning Programme
Budget 6,97 Billion EUR
min. 4
ab 2009
Erasmus MUNDUS
GRUNDTVIG
AdultEducation
Jean Monnet (Higher Education European Studies
Chairs World-Wide)
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International Mobility New EU ProgrammesThe New
ERASMUS Programme (2007 2013) Budget
Total ERASMUS budget (all actions) ? 3,1
Billion EUR for 7 years ? Average ERASMUS budget
p.a. 443 Mio EUR(increase of 75 compared to
2006 253 Mio EUR) ? 95 of the ERASMUS budget
(424 Mio EUR) will be decentralised and
administered by National Agencies (such as
DAAD) ? Average decentralised ERASMUS budget for
Germany 50 Mio EUR p.a. for all decentralised
actions 2006 35 Mio. EUR
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International Mobility New EU Programmes Number
of Mobile ERASMUS-Students 2007 - 2013
Aim 3 mio ERASMUS-Students by 2012 accumulated
? from 2005 onwards 150.000 ERASMUS Students ?
until 2013 onwards 300.000 ERASMUS
Students approx. 8 increase p. a. For Germany
2013 35.000 outgoing 30.000 incoming
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III. International Mobility New
EU-ProgrammesEU-Programmes for Higher Education
worldwide
Latin America ALFA 10,4 Mio.ALßAN 11,06
Mio.
Africa-Caribbean-Pacific Region EDULINK planned
5 Mio.
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V. The impact of BolognaTrends and Challenges
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V. The Impact of BolognaTrends and Challenges

• More internationality of teaching staff (teacher
  exchange, language courses for German teachers)
• More internationality of administrative
  staff(training for International Officers, new
  mobility action for non-teaching staff in
  ERASMUS)
• More internationality in student services
  (information, language preparation,
  accommodation, monitoring, academic recognition
  etc.)

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V. The Impact of BolognaTrends and Challenges

1. Tution fees obstacle to mobility
2. Internal organization (AAA), Staffing and
   funding

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