Bond

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Bond
Day 2 4
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TEK I7D relate the chemical behavior of an
element including bonding, to its placement on
the periodic table
Chemical Bond
Day 2 4
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Before there were bonds, there had to be
elements!Lets review elements the Periodic
Table
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Periodic Table

• Periods horizontal rows
• Groups or Families vertical columns
• Elements in the same group have similar
  chemical properties!

Group
Period
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Atomic number protons and it identifies the
element!!!!!
HI D E
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Valence Electrons electrons involved in
bonding all atoms want to have 8 or 0 valence
electrons to make them happy and stable .The
numbers in purple are the of valence electrons
the atoms in those groups have.
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Metals (pink elements) usually have 1, 2, or 3
valence electrons.In order to have 0 or 8
valence electrons, do you think a metal will lose
or gain valence electrons?
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Metals will lose electrons and become positive
ions!Group 1 metals lose 1 ve- (which 0 ve-)
Group 2 metals lose 2 ve- (which 0 ve-) Group
3 metals lose 3 ve- (which 0 ve-) Remember to
think about the easiest way to reach 0 or 8!
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When an atom loses or gains ve- it becomes an
ion!Losing 1 ve- makes an ion with a 1
charge.Losing 2 ve- makes an ion with a 2
charge.Losing 3 ve- makes an ion with a 3
charge.
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Nonmetals (yellow elements) usually have 5, 6, 7,
or 8 valence electrons.In order to have 0 or 8
valence electrons, do you think a nonmetal will
lose or gain valence electrons?
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Nonmetals will gain electrons and become negative
ions!Group 15 (5 ve-) nonmetals gain 3 ve-
(which 8 ve-) Group 16 (6 ve-) nonmetals gain
2 ve- (which 8 ve-) Group 17 (7 ve-) nonmetals
gain 1 ve- (which 8 ve-) Remember to think
about the easiest way to reach 0 or 8!
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When an atom loses or gains ve- it becomes an
ion!Gaining 3 ve- makes an ion with a -3
charge.Gaining 2 ve- makes an ion with a -2
charge.Gaining 1 ve- makes an ion with a -1
charge.
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What about Group 18 (the Noble Gases)?They
already have 8 valence electrons so they are
already happy and stable. They are the
perfect elements and are considered unreactive!

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What are Chemical Bonds?

• An attraction between two or more atoms
• Interaction between
• valence electrons
• All atoms need 0 or 8
• valence electrons to
• be happy or stable

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Two Kinds of Bonds

• Ionic Bonds
• -form ionic compounds between metals and
  nonmetals
• -by losing /gaining electrons
• Covalent Bonds
• -form covalent compounds
• -by sharing electrons

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• 1. An unidentified element has many of the same
• physical and chemical properties as
• magnesium and strontium but has a lower
• atomic mass than either of these elements.
• What is the most likely identity of this
• element?
•  
• F Sodium
• G Beryllium
• H Calcium
• J Rubidium

Question from TEA released TAKS test
Day 2 4
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• 2. The elements of which of these groups on the
  periodic table are most resistant to forming
  compounds?
•  
• A Group 1
• B Group 9
• C Group 14
• D Group 18

Question from TEA released TAKS test
Day 2 4
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• 3. The elements from which of the following
• groups are most likely to react with
• potassium (K)?
•  
• F Group 2
• G Group 7
• H Group 13
• J Group 17

Question from TEA released TAKS test
Day 2 4
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• 4. Which of the following groups contains
• members with similar chemical reactivity?
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• A Li, Be, C
• B Be, Mg, Sr
• C Sc, Y, Zr
• D C, N, O
•  

Question from TEA released TAKS test
Day 2 4
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• 5. According to the periodic table, which
  element most readily accepts electrons?
•  
• A Fluorine
• B Nitrogen
• C Arsenic
• D Aluminum  

Question from TEA released TAKS test
Day 2 4
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• 6. Elements in Group 16 of the periodic table
  usually
•  
• F form large molecules
• G gain electrons when bonding
• H act like metals
• J solidify at room temperature

Question from TEA released TAKS test
Day 2 4