Biochemistry - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

1 / 36
About This Presentation
Title:

Biochemistry

Description:

Author: Ma Lin Last modified by: FtpDown Created Date: 1/16/2000 8:38:48 AM Document presentation format: Company: Zhongshan university – PowerPoint PPT presentation

Number of Views:51
Avg rating:3.0/5.0
Slides: 37
Provided by: MaLi156
Category:

less

Transcript and Presenter's Notes

Title: Biochemistry


1
? ? ? ?
Biochemistry
  • ??????

2
??? ? ?
  • ????????????
  • ?????????
  • ????????????
  • ??????

3
??????????????
  • ????????????????,???????????????????????
    ??
  • ?????????

4
????? ???
  • ????????????
  • ???????????(C?H?O?N?S?P)??????????,??????????????
    ???????????????(??????)
  • atoms ? molecules ? biopolymers ? organelles ?
    cells ? tissues ? organs ? organ systems ?
    individuals ? populations ? the biosphere
  • ???????????????(????)
  • ?????

5
???????
  • ???????????????????????????????????
  • ??????????????????????????,??????????
  • ????????????????

6
?????????
  • ? ????????????????????????????????
  • ? ?????????????????(?????????)

7
???????????
  • ???????????????????????????,????????????????????
  • ????????,????????????????,????????????,?18????????
    ???????????????????????????,????????????(???????)?
    ????????
  • 1877?,??????-??Ernst Felix Hoppe-Seyler????Bioche
    mistry??,?????????????
  • ??????????????3???

8
Year
Proteins were thought to carry genetic
information
Miescher discovered DNA
Interweaving of the historical traditions of
biochemistry, cell biology, and genetics.
9
  • ????????????(18?????-20???)
  • ?????????????????,?????,?????????????????????(????
    ???????????????????????????)?
  • ????????????(20???-1950?)
  • ???????????,????????????????,?????????????
  • ????????????????????,????
  • (1)??????
  • (2)??????????????

10
  • ?????????????(1950- )
  • ?????????????????????????????????????????(????????
    ?????)?????,??????????????????????
  • 50????????????,?????????/?????????????????????????
    ?
  • ??????????????????????????
  • ?21??,??????????????????????????,????????????
    ?????????????,????????? ???????????????????????,??
    ????????????

11
??????????????
  • ??????????????????

1???????????????????????????? 2?????????(?????????
)????????????? 3????, ???????????????????,????????
????,????????????? 4??????, ???????????,??????????
??? 5????,????????????????,?????????????????
12
???????
  • ???????????????????????????????????(???????
    ??????)?????????,??????????????????????????

13
? ? ? ?
  • ????????????????????????,???????
  • ??????????,???????????????????????????????,?
    ???????,?????,?????????????????????,??????????????
    ?????????,???,???????????,???????????????

14
????????
  • ????????????
  • ????????????
  • ?????????

15
  • ?????????????????
  • ???????????
  • ????????????????,???????????????????????????

16
  • ??????????????????
  • ?????????,??????500??,????????????????????
  • ???????????????,?????,???????,????1012,?????????,?
    ????????????

17
1?????????????
  • ???????????50???
  • ?????????,??????,?????????
  • ?????????,???????,??????????????????????(??)?
  • ?????????????????,?????????????

18
  • ?????????????,????????(????????????????)?
  • ????????????????,???????????????????--??????

19
2?????????????
  • ???(isomer)???????????????????
  • ????????????????

20
? ? ? ?
  • ?????????????????????????
  • ??????
  • ????????????,???????

???
??
21
  • ???????????????,?a-????ß-???
  • ?????????????????????????

22
? ? ? ?
  • ???? ???????,????????????????????????????
  • ?????????????????
  • ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ????????????????
  • ???????,??????????????????,???????????

23
? ? ? ?
?CC???
?????????????????
Much input of energy Is needed for their
interconversion (via breakage/formation of
covalent bonds.
(?????,???)
(?????,???)
24
? ? ? ?
  • ????????
  • 1????????????????????????,????,??????

25
???????????????,???????????????,??????
26
??n?????????,?2n??????
27
? ? ? ?
  • ??CC?????,????????????????????,?????????????????,
    ???????????
  • ???????????????????????,???????????????????????,??
    ??????????????????????,????????????

28
??????????????????????????.
??????????????????????,???????
29
?????????????????
e.g., ???????????????????????
???????????
The human taste receptors distinguish these two
stereoisomers as sweet and bitter!
30
3??????????
  • ????????????????
  • ??????????????????????--????
  • ???????????????????????????????????????--???????(?
    ??)?

31
??????
  • ??????????????????????
  • ?????????,?????????????????????????,????,?????????
    ?,??????????,?????????????????

32
? ?
  • ?????????X??????Y????????,?????Y???????????(??
    X,Y?N,O,F,Cl)??????H????Y?????????????,?????
  • ?????????,??????????1/30-1/20(12-30kj/mol),???????
    ?????????,????????
  • ????????????,???????????????????????

33
? ? ? ?
  • ?????????????????????,????????????????
  • ??????????????6???12?????????????,???????????????,
    ???????

34
  • ?????????????????????,??????????????
  • ????????????,??????????????
  • ???????????????????????????,??????????????????
  • ????????,?????????????,?????????????????????
  • ??????????,???????????????,??????????,??
    ??????????????????????????????????????????????

35
?????
  • ????????????,?????(salt bond)????????????
  • ???????????,??????????????,???????????????????????
    ??????,???????,???????????
  • ??,-COO-? -NH3??????????????,???????????????
    ??1/20,?????1/80?

36
??????
  • ???????????????
  • ?????????????????,????????????????????????????????
    ????????????????????????????????????

37
  • ????????????
  • ?????????
  • ????????????
  • ??????

???
38
????(72??)
39
  • 1.????(48??)
  • ???    ? ?(1??)
  • ??? ???(6??)
  • ??? ??(4??)
  • ??? ?(6??)
  • ??? ??????--???(2??)
  • ??? ???????(6??)
  • ??? ??????????(4??)
  • ??? ???????(4??)
  • ??? ???????(4??)
  • ??? ??????????(4??)
  • ???? ???????????(4??)
  • ???? ????(3??)

????
  • ????-?????????????,?????????,????????????????????
  • ???????????????,???????

2.????(24??) ?? (?6???)
40
  • ????????????????,????????????,??,?????????????,
    ??????,??????????????????
  • ??
  • ????,????? ????,?????
  • ???????

41
????
  • 1.???????,??,??,????2. Lehninger Principles
    of Biochemistry
  • 3. StryerBiochemistry

???????????,??,???
4. Nature ??,????????,?????????5. Science
??,????????,?????????6. Cell ??,????????,????????
?7. Biochemistry ??,??,?????????
Write a Comment
User Comments (0)
About PowerShow.com