JAPAN BECOMES A WORLD POWER

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JAPAN BECOMES A WORLD POWER
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Commodore Mathew Perry visits Japan

• 1853 Forces Japan to end policy of isolationism
• Formerly ruled by a Shogun
• 1 Samurai
• 1854 Treaty of Kanagawa
• trading rights
• extraterritoriality
• other Western countries open up trade w/ Japan
• unequal treaties

Japanese view of Commodore Perry
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Treaty of Kanagawa

• Peace and friendship between the United States
  and Japan.
• Opening of two ports to American ships at Shimoda
  and Hakodate
• Help for any American ships wrecked on the
  Japanese coast and protection for shipwrecked
  persons
• Permission for American ships to buy supplies,
  coal, water, and other necessary provisions in
  Japanese ports.

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Below is a list of some of the gifts each nation
presented to the other. Put a "J" next to the
gifts presented by the Japanese and an "A" next
to the ones presented by the Americans to the
Japanese.

• Lifeboats
• Clocks
• Silk
• Farm Tools
• Unusual sea shells
• Telegraph wire
• Porcelain tea sets
• Telescope
• Lacquer boxes and trays
• Umbrellas
• Whiskey/wines
• Jars of soy sauce
• Miniature railroad
• Pistols/swords
•  

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MEIJI RESTORATION (1868)

• Meiji means enlightened rule
• Shogun steps down
• Restored Emperor to power
• Honor the emperor and expel the barbarians
• Enrich the country, strengthen the military
• Scholars sent to the West to learn govt,
  industry, military

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Changes under the MEIJI

• Parliament (Diet)
• taxes rose
• education improved
• improve infrastructure
• feudalism abolished
• Rise of ZAIBATSU
• becomes economic / industrial power

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JAPANESE Expansion in ASIA

• ended unequal treaties
• 1895 Sino-Japanese War defeated China to gain
  control of Korea and Taiwan
• 1905 defeated Russia in Russo-Japanese War
• first time an Asian nation defeats a European
  power
• gained Manchuria
• NEED for raw materials
• sought equal political standing w/ WEST

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Growth of Extreme Nationalism

• 1929 Great Depression hurts Japanese economy
• 1931 conquest of Manchuria
• rise of MILITARISM mission was to free Asian
  nations from western imperialism
• 1940 Japan joins Axis Powers
• USA places oil/supply embargo on Japan
• Japan/US negotiate to avoid war
• Dec. 7, 1941 Attack on Pearl Harbor

Japan attacks Pearl Harbor
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ISLAND HOPPING I/T PACIFIC

• To stop Japanese expansion
• Japan depended on secure oceanic routes for food
  raw materials
• Battle of Midway June 3-7, 1942
• turning point o/t war
• 4 Japanese aircraft carriers destroyed
• 1 US carrier destroyed

Midway Island
USS YORKTOWN (CV-5)
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ISLAND HOPPING

• SEABEEs Navy construction battalions
• cleared forests and build airstrips
• Amphibious Assaults
• new war tactics
• Marines ship to land assaults
• supported by aircraft and naval gunfire

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ISLAND HOPPING

• Battle of Peleliu Island
• 15 Sept - 12 Oct 44
• to capture an airstrip
• over 12,000 US lives lost
• over 10,000 Japanese lives lost

USS PELELIU (LHA 5)
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BATTLE OF IWO JIMA

• 19 Feb -26 Mar 45
• 6,800 Americans KIA
• 20,000 wounded
• 21,000 Japanese KIA
• almost every single soldier

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PHILIPPINE ISLANDS

• 6 May 42 The PI fall to Japan
• Gen. Douglas MacArthur promises to return
• BATAAN Death March
• 76,000 Allies surrender
• 5,000 perish on death march
• thousands more die in POW camps
• Return t/t Philippines 1944-45
• 50,000 Japanese KIA
• 3,504 Americans KIA
• Battle of Leyte Gulf
• largest naval battle of WWII
• KAMIKAZE pilots appear

Bataan Death March 65 mile trek
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BATTLE OF OKINAWA

• 1 Apr - 22 June 45
• 12,500 Americans KIA
• 110,000 Japanese KIA
• 1,900 Kamikaze missions against US naval fleet
• Japanese commander commits seppuku (suicide)
• Japanese battleship YAMATO is sunk
• 2800 Japanese die w/ ship
• Largest battleship i/t world

YAMATO
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WWII against Japan HIROSHIMA and NAGASAKI

• US Island Hopping
• Tokyo Raid
• Enola Gay drops 1st Atomic bomb on Hiroshima
  (6Aug45)
• 80,000 killed
• 2nd Atomic bomb dropped on Nagasaki (9Aug45)
• 40,000 killed

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The Enola Gay
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Hiroshima
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Hiroshima
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USS INDIANAPOLIS
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Nagasaki Before the blast
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Nagasaki After the blast
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(No Transcript)
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Nagasaki
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???
DID THE USA NEED TO DROP TWO ATOMIC BOMBS ON
JAPAN TO END WWII?