Using Technology to Manage Information

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Using Technology to Manage Information
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Chapter
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Learning Objectives
Distinguish between data and information and
explain the role of management information
systems in business. List the components and
different types of information systems. Outline
how computer hardware and software are used to
manage information. Describe the networking and
telecommunications technology and types of
computer networks.
Discuss the security and ethical issues involving
computer information systems. Explain the steps
that companies go through in anticipating,
planning for, and recovering from information
system disasters. Review current trends in
information systems.
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Information Systems

• Data raw facts and figures
• Information knowledge gained from processing
  data
• Information system organized method for
  collecting, storing, and communicating
  information on operations
• Chief information officer executive responsible
  for directing information systems and operations

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Components of Information Systems

• Computer Hardware
• Computer Software
• Telecommunications and Computer Networks
• Data Resource Management

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Types of Information Systems

• Operational Support Systems
• Transaction Processing System
• Process Control System
• Management Support Systems
• Management Information System (MIS)
• Decision Support System (DSS)
• Executive Support System (ESS)

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Computer Hardware

• The tangible elements of a computer system
• The components that store and process data,
  perform calculations
• Input devices like the keyboard and mouse allow
  users to enter data and commands.
• Storage and processing components consist of the
  hard drive and other storage components like
  flash drives.

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Types of Computers

• Desktop (personal) computers
• Server
• Mainframes
• Supercomputers
• Notebook computers
• Handheld devices PDAs and smart phones

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Computer Software

• Programs, routines, and computer languages that
  control a computer
• Operating System
• Windows Operating System
• Mac Operating System
• Application Software
• Microsoft PowerPoint
• Quicken

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Computer Networks

• The Internet
• Local Area Networks (LAN)
• Wide Area Networks (WAN)
• Wireless Local Networks (Wi-Fi)
• Intranets
• Virtual Private Networks (VPN)
• Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP)

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Security Issues

• E-Crime
• Computer Viruses
• Worms
• Trojan Horses
• Spyware

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Ethical Issues

• Use of information systems by employees and
  vendors
• Personal use
• Privacy
• Organizational use of information
• Employment records
• Employee monitoring
• Customer data

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Disaster Recovery and Backup

• Natural Disasters
• Power Failures
• Equipment Malfunctions
• Software Glitches
• Human Error
• Terrorist Attacks
• The most basic precaution backup.

90 of firms that sustained a loss of critical
data went out of business within two years.
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Information Systems Trends

• The Distributed Workforce
• Employees who work in virtual offices
• Application Service Providers
• A firm that provides computers and application
  support
• On Demand, Cloud, and Grid Computing
• Renting software time

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