12-2 The Korean War

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12-2 The Korean War

Please Label
Russia
Japan
Korea
China
Taiwan
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Lesson Goals (3)

• Explain how Mao Zedong and the communists gained
  power in China.
• Describe the causes and progress of the war in
  Korea.
• Identify the long-term effects of the Korean War.

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Warm-Up

• Remember the US focused on containment of
  communism in Europe.
• How do you think the US will respond to communism
  spreading in Asia?

OR
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Background
SOVIET UNION

• Soviets hoped to spread communism across the
  world.

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Communists gain control of China
Jiang Jieshi (pronounced Zee-ong Zi-she) / Chiang
Kai-shek Nationalist leader

• Mao Zedong Communist leader

• Fought for control of CHINA

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• Jiang government is corrupt and aid U.S. sent
  does not go to food. Mao promises to feed people
  and wins their support. Jiang flees to Taiwan.

CHINA
¼ of land and 1/3 people of the world now
communist
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Background information

• Japan controlled Korea before WWII.
• Post WWII, Korea divided in half by U.S Soviet
  Union at the 38th of latitude.

CHINA
NORTH KOREA
38th
SOUTH KOREA
JAPAN
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North Korea Invades South Korea

• 1 North Korea Invades following South Korea as
  army retreats to Pusan.
• 2 U.S. and South Korean forces stop North Korea

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2
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UN / US Forces defend South Korea

• 3 - UN forces (lead by American General Mac
  Arthur) lands at Inchon and begin pushing north
  towards Yalu River.
•  
• 4 - The Americans drove North Koreans back and
  recaptured South Korea.

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4
3
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China Enters the War

• 5 Chinese attack using weapons supplied by
  Russia.
• 6 UN and South Korean forces retreat as China
  recaptures North Korea and advances into South
  Korea.

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6
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Stalemate

• 7 More UN troops land, pushing communists back
  to 38th parallel.
• 8 Cease-Fire is signed, with border at 38th
  parallel.

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How is this different than it was before the war?
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• Truman believed in Limited War fighting to
  achieve specific goals. While MacArthur wanted
  total victory.
• In 1953, Eisenhower became American president.  
  The Americans threatened to use the atomic bomb
  if China did not stop fighting.  
• The Chinese agree to a truce , which was signed
  on 27 July 1953.  (a little longer than 3 years)
•  
• It is estimated that 10 million people died in
  the war - as many as died in the WW I.

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Effects

• 1 On America

2- World Wide - SEATO Southeast Asia Treaty
Organization formed defensive alliance formed to
stop the spread of communism. Pakistan,
Thailand, Philippines, Australia, New Zealand,
France, Britain, United States
Immediate Long-term
37,000 US troops killed Military spending increases
103,000 US wounded Military commitments increase worldwide
Relations with China worsen Relations with Japan improve
Armed forces racially integrated Future Presidents send military without Congress approval / declaring war
Korean War is considered first Hot War (actual
battle) after WWII
http//www.history.com/videos/korean-war-powkorea
n-war-pow
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Homework

• Suppose you were going to interview some American
  veterans of the Korean War. Write 5 questions
  that you might ask about their experiences
  their views of the war.
• 1.
• 2.
• 3.
• 4.
• 5.