SABBI Barley Program

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SABBI Barley Program

• SMART breeding (Selection with Markers and
  Advanced Reproductive Technologies)
• Conventional breeding
• Doubled haploid production
• Marker assisted selection

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Program Goal

• Develop SAB brand aligned barley varieties
• with superior
• Yield potential
• Stability
• Agronomic characteristics
• Disease resistance
• Malting quality
• Brewing quality
• for the Southern Cape dry land area and the
• Northern Cape irrigation areas

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Barley producing areas of South Africa
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Research facility near Caledon in Southern Cape
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Trial and F-generation material under irrigation
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Conventional breeding Program
Phase 1 Crossing Collect germplasm Making
crosses Phase 2 Selection in F-generations Phase
3 Trial evaluation Phase 4 Commercial
evaluation Phase 5 Seed production
and maintenance
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SABBI Barley Program
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Crosses
F1 F2 F3 F4 F5
Limited quality evaluation
Elite 1 Elite 2 Elite 3 LE 1 LE 2 LE 3 LE 4 LE 5
Micro malting
Experimental release
Comm Yr 1 Comm Yr 2 Comm Yr 3 Comm Yr 4
Final release
Seed multiplication
Commercial production
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Conventional breeding Program
Phase1 Crossing
Collect germ plasm
Germ plasm are collected from all over the world
to address the deficiencies in the program
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Most important characteristics
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Conventional breeding Program
Phase1 Crossing
Making crosses
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Plant breeding parents
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Cross breeding parents
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Conventional breeding Program
Phase 2 Selection in F-generations
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Conventional breeding Program
Phase 2 Selection in F-generations
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SABBI Barley Program
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Crosses
F1 F2 F3 F4 F5
Limited quality evaluation
Elite 1 Elite 2 Elite 3 LE 1 LE 2 LE 3 LE 4 LE 5
Experimental release
Comm Yr 1 Comm Yr 2 Comm Yr 3 Comm Yr 4
Final release
Seed multiplication
Commercial production
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Single plant selection in wide rows from F2 to
F4 generation for characteristics like
tillering, straw strength and height, maturity
and disease resistance single row selection in
F5 on same characteristics to be proceeded to
Evaluation phase

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Conventional breeding Program
Phase 3 Trial evaluation
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SABBI Barley Program
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Crosses
F1 F2 F3 F4 F5
Elite 1 Elite 2 Elite 3 LE 1 LE 2 LE 3 LE 4 LE 5
Experimental release
Comm Yr 1 Comm Yr 2 Comm Yr 3 Comm Yr 4
Final release
Seed multiplication
Commercial production
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Plant blocks at different localities and
evaluate for yield, plumpness, kernel
nitrogen, germination energy, disease resistance
and malting quality (Extract, KI, Viscosity,
AAL, beta-glucans, FAN, DP)
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Conventional breeding Program
Phase 4 Commercial evaluation
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SABBI Barley Program
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Crosses
F1 F2 F3 F4 F5
Elite 1 Elite 2 Elite 3 LE 1 LE 2 LE 3 LE 4 LE 5
Experimental release
Comm Yr 1 Comm Yr 2 Comm Yr 3 Comm Yr 4
Final release
Seed multiplication
Commercial production
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After experimental release varieties are
planted by commercial producers for SABM
and SAB to evaluate for malting and brewing
quality for three years Year 1, 350t
Year 2, 1000t Year 3, 3000t
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Conventional breeding Program
Phase 5 Seed production
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SABBI Barley Program
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Crosses
F1 F2 F3 F4 F5
Elite 1 Elite 2 Elite 3 LE 1 LE 2 LE 3 LE 4 LE 5
Experimental release
Comm Yr 1 Comm Yr 2 Comm Yr 3 Comm Yr 4
Final release
Seed multiplication
Commercial production
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In the Southern Cape Breeder and Foundation
seed are produced. Foundation seed are sold to
Agricultural businesses who produce Certified
seed to be sold to the producers. Under
irrigation we are involved in the whole seed
chain.
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SABBI Barley Program
Extension in program
Doubled Haploid Production Marker Assisted
Selection
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SABBI Barley Program
Extension in program

• Doubled Haploid production
• Marker Assisted Selection

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SABBI Barley Program
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Crosses
F1 F2 F3 F4 F5
Limited quality evaluation
Elite 1 Elite 2 Elite 3 LE 1 LE 2 LE 3 LE 4 LE 5
Micro malting
Experimental release
Comm Yr 1 Comm Yr 2 Comm Yr 3 Comm Yr 4
Final release
Seed multiplication
Commercial production
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Doubled haploid production

• The production of true breeding lines within one
  year to shorten the release time of new cultivars
  with three to four years
• F1 seed (and sometimes F2 seed) from selected
  crosses are used to produce Doubled haploid plants

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Double haploid production
Microspore method
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Double haploid production
Anther culture method
Anthers plated on medium
Calli develop from anthers
Calli transplanted onto regeneration medium
and doubled haploid plants develop
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Marker assisted selection

• The early identification of specific
  characteristics in the progeny of a specific
  cross.
• Especially important for characteristics which is
  difficult to identify or measure in a
  conventional way
• Indirect selection process through the ID of a
  unique DNA sequence occurring in proximity to a
  desired gene, by molecular techniques
• Contracted to CENGEN

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Marker Assisted Selection
Trait Chromosome Origin
Grain brightness 3H Franklin
Grain brightness 2H Harrington
Malt extract, diastatic power, a-amylase, free a-amino nitrogen, ß-glucan 1H Alexis
a-amylase 5HL Harrington
Diastatic power 4HL Harrington
Diastatic power 5HL Harrington
Wort content (sucrose) 4HL Derkado
Example of markers developed for specific traits
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