Metric System

1
Metric System

• Measurement and SI

2
Bell Work 8/16/10

• Please answer the following questions in the Bell
  Work section of your science journal
• What instrument is used to measure length?
• Why do you think it is important to know how to
  measure length?

3
Metric System

1. Referred to as the international system of units
   or SI
2. Based on the number 10
3. Measuring system used by all scientists
4. Used to measure length, volume, mass, weight,
   density, and temperature

4
Length

• Used to measure from one point to another
• Instrument used to measure length is the metric
  ruler
• Basic unit of length is the meter
• kilometer- km
• hectometer- hm
• decameter- dam
• meter-m
• decimeter- dm
• centimeter- cm
• millimeter mm
• In space, distance is measured in light years
• A light year is the distance light travels in a
  year

5
Bell Work 8/17/10

1. What is the metric system used to measure?
2. What is the metric system referred to as?
3. What is the basic unit for length?
4. In space, what is distance measured in?

6
Homework 8/17/10

• Practice measuring the following items at your
  house. Remember to use centimeters as your unit.
• The width of your front door
• The height of a glass or cup
• One item of your choice
• For each write down the item and the measurement
  for the item

7
Bell Work 8/18/10

• Using a ruler and centimeters (cm) measure the
  length of the lines on the piece of paper at your
  table. Please share with your partner and dont
  write on the paper.
• Example 6.3 cm
• Length of line 1
• Length of line 2
• Length of line 3
• Length of line 4

8
Volume

• Volume is the amount of space an object takes up
• Volume can be measured for liquids and solids.
• Liquids
• Basic unit of liquid volume is the liter (L)
• kiloliter kL
• hectoliter hL
• dekaliter daL
• liter L
• deciliter dL
• centiliter cL
• millimeter mL
• The instrument used to measure liquid volume is
  the graduated cylinder
• Meniscus Measure to this line.

9
Volume (cont.)

• Solids
• Basic unit of solid volume is cubic meters (m3)
• cubic kilometer- km3
• cubic hectometer- hm3
• cubic decameter- dam3
• cubic meter-m3
• cubic decimeter- dm3
• cubic centimeter- cm3
• cubic millimeter mm3

10
Volume (cont.)

• To calculate the volume of a solid
• length x width x height
• l x w x h
• Instrument used to measure solid volume is the
  metric ruler
• Solid Volume can also be measured by water
  displacement using a graduated cylinder
• Record the volume of water in the cylinder
• Place the object in the cylinder and record the
  new volume
• Measurement 2 measurement 1 volume of the
  object

11
Bell Work 8/19/10

1. What is volume?
2. What is the basic unit for liquid volume?
3. What is the basic unit for solid volume?
4. How do you calculate the volume of a solid?

12
Bell Work 8/20/09

• 1. What is the volume of a solid with these
  measurements?
• Length 3 cm width 2 cm height 4 cm
• 2. How do you find the volume of an irregular
  solid?

13
Mass

• Mass is the amount of matter in an object.
• Basic unit of mass is a gram (g)
• Large objects are measured in kilograms (kg)
• Small objects are measured in grams (g) or
  milligrams (mg)
• kilogram kg
• hectogram hg
• dekagram dag
• gram g
• decigram dg
• centigram cg
• milligram mg
• Most often used are the kg, g, and the mg
• Instrument used to measure mass is the triple
  beam balance

14
Density

• Shows a relationship between mass and volume
• To calculate density we divide mass by volume
• dm/v
• Units for density depend on size of object
• Large objects kg/L
• Small objects g/mL

15
Bell Work 8/24/09

1. What is mass?
2. What instrument is used to find mass?
3. What is density?
4. What is the formula used for density?

16
Bell Work 8/25/09

1. What units are most often used for mass?
2. What units are used for density?

17
Temperature

1. Measured in degrees Celsius
2. Freezing 0 degrees Celsius
3. Boiling 100 degrees Celsius

18
Bell Work 8/26/09

1. What instrument is used to measure temperature?
2. What is the freezing point in degrees Celsius?
3. What is the boiling point in degrees Celsius?

19
Bell Work 8/27/09

1. How many centimeters are in 1 meter?
2. How many milliliters are in 1 liter?
3. How many centigrams are in 1 gram?

20
Weight

• Weight is the measure of attraction between
  objects due to gravity.
• Basic unit of weight is the Newton (N)

21
Tools for Measuring

1. A metric ruler is used to find length
2. A graduated cylinder is used to fine the volume
   of a liquid or an irregular solid
3. A metric ruler is used to find the volume of a
   rectangular object
4. A triple beam balance is used to find the mass of
   an object

22
Bell Work 8/28/09

1. 1000 g ______ kg
2. 200 mL ______ L
3. 1 m ______ Dkm
4. 77 g ______ mg

23
Bell Work 8/28/09

1. 25 kg ______ mg
2. 345 cL ______ HL
3. 980 m ______ mm
4. 23700 g ______ kg

24
Bell Work 9/1/09

1. 98 Hg ______ mg
2. 222 KL ______ L
3. 2706 mm ______ Dkm
4. 5 g ______ kg

25
Bell Work 09/09/09

• What is the base unit for the following?
• Length
• Volume
• Mass