What is development?

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What is development?

• Brainstorm what you already know about
  development.
• Compare with a partner can you come to a
  mutually agreed definition?

2
Some key terms/ideas

• Developed and developing countries
• First world, second world, third world
• Rich North and Poor South
• MEDC, LEDC, NIC, RIC

Phrases to describe differences in development
have changed over time

1. Read page 522 to 524 of Advanced Geography.
2. What problems are there with these definitions?
   Any conflicts or contrasts?

3
The Brandt Report

1. Read Page 524 of Advanced Geography.
2. To what extent do you agree with Brandts key
   conclusions?
3. How much progress has been made in the time since
   Brandt wrote his report on those areas within the
   conclusion?

Willy Brandt
4
The Brandt Line

• Whilst I read add a line to the Peters
  Projection map.
• Examine p5 from Population, Resources and
  Development.
• Comment on the North-South Divide as a method of
  defining development.
• The map is based on the Peters Projection which
  shows the correct areal size of continents in
  relation to each other. Why do you think it is
  important to use such a projection to indicate
  development and the North South divide?
• Place a ruler on the map to represent the
  position of the equator. Is the North South
  divide an appropriate term from the point of view
  of good geography?

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Revised Brandt Map

• The updated view of the north-south divide. Blue
  includes G8 nations, developed/ first world
  nations, and Europe.

8
Review

• Read the following passage
  Views of Poverty
• Theres poverty and theres poverty. The Wests
  stereotyped talk of poverty fails to
  distinguish between frugality and scarcity.
  Frugality (implying carefulness) is a mark of
  cultures free from the frenzy of accumulation. To
  our eyes, people have rather meagre possessions,
  with money playing only a marginal role. Yet
  everyone usually has access to fields, rivers and
  woods, while kinship and community duties
  guarantee services which elsewhere must be paid
  for in cash. Along with community ties, land,
  forest and water are the most important
  prerequisites for subsistence without money.
  Nobody goes hungry.
• Here is a way of life which recognizes and
  cultivates a state of sufficiency.
• Scarcity derives from modernised poverty. It
  affects most urban groups caught up in the money
  economy as workers and consumers whose spending
  power is so low that they fall by the wayside.
  Their capacity to achieve through their own
  efforts gradually fades, while at the same time
  their desires, fuelled by glimpses of high
  society, spiral towards infinity.
• From W Sachs Development a guide to the ruins.
  New Internationalist June 1992 p9
• Why might it be misleading to apply Western
  notions of poverty to Third World countries?