Peasants, Trade and Cities

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Peasants, Trade and Cities

• 10.1

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The New Agriculture

• Population Doubled
• increased stability and peace
• increased food production
• Climate change
• Technology
• Water and Wind
• Iron

3

• Growth of farming villages
• cooperation
• crop rotation

4
The Manorial System

• Agricultural Estates called manors
• Noble
• Vassal
• Peasant
• Serf
• peasants legally bound to the land, under
  control of the Lord
• Fixed responsibilities and protection

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Daily Life of the Peasantry

• Simple life
• 1-2 room cottages
• adequate diet
• Bread
• Ale
• Seasons determined activities and work
• Church
• Feast days

6
The Revival of Trade

• Mostly agricultural society gradually grew to
  trading centers
• Italy first, others followed
• Trade Fairs
• money economy
• trading companies
• banks

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The Growth of Cities

• Expanding trade led to development of cities
• Merchants built settlements near castles
• Bourgeoisie
• Townspeople tied to Lords
• gained rights and developed governments

8
Daily Life in the Medieval City

• Crowded
• Danger of fire
• Dirty, smelly, polluted
• Bath houses
• Women
• fewer than men
• Fulfill specific roles
• could have quite independent lives

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Daily Life in the Medieval City

• Crowded
• Danger of fire
• Dirty, smelly, polluted
• Bath houses
• Women
• fewer than men
• Fulfill specific roles
• could have quite independent lives

10
Industry and Guilds

• Manufacturing centers
• Cloth, metalwork, shoes, leather goods
• Business associations called guilds
• Directed the production process

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• Learning a trade
• apprentice to a master craftsman
• Age 10 to 15-17
• Room and board, but no pay
• journeyman
• Worked for wages under masters
• Must produce masterpiece to be admitted to guild
  and become a Master

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THE END