North and South take Different Paths

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North and South take Different Paths

• Chapter 11

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The Industrial Revolution

• There was a great change at this time called the
  Industrial Revolution
• There were new inventions which worked in
  factories that produced products more quickly
• Capitalists made money off of these factories
• Steam was used as power

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The Industrial Revolution

• Women were used in factories
• The Lowell Girls worked for Francis Cabot Lowell,
  they lived in boarding houses under strict
  supervision
• After work they attended lectures or went to the
  library
• They gained education that they would not have
  got working on a family farm

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The Industrial Revolution

• The most important inventions were mass
  production and interchangeable parts.
• Although life for the Lowell girls was good, this
  was not the general rule
• As time went on, the conditions got worse

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The Industrial Revolution

• Children worked to help feed their families
• They worked in textile mills coal mines and
  steel factories as young as 7 years old.
• They were not educated
• Factory conditions were not good
• Poor lighting
• Little fresh air
• Many workers were injured

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The North Transformed

• Northern cities began to grow because of
  Urbanization
• Cities along the East coat became crowded because
  of immigrants arriving from Europe
• These growing cities had problems such as filthy
  streets, bad sewage systems and citywide fires

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The North Transformed

• Samuel F. B. Morse invented the telegraph, which
  would send electrical signals over a wire
• They used Morse code to send messages
• The mechanical reaper was created to cut stalks
  of wheat faster then a human
• Steamboats and railroads began to tie the country
  together because people could not transport
  themselves, raw materials, and manufactured goods
  to different places quickly

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The North Transformed

• Immigrants entered the United States during the
  1840s from Western Europe
• In Ireland, there was a famine, in which a
  million people starved to death, one million
  people moved to the United States
• Germans came because many had taken part of the
  revolutions, when the revolutions failed, they
  came to the US.
• Many Americans were worried about foreigners,
  they were called nativists

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The North Transformed

• African Americans in the north faced
  discrimination
• Although slavery had mostly ended in the North,
  they were not granted equal treatment
• They could not work in factories or skilled
  trades
• White newspaper showed African Americans as
  inferior
• Freedoms Journal was published by John B.
  Russwurm, to explain independence

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The Plantation South

• In the south, slavery became very important
  because of all of the cotton that was being
  grown.
• The cotton gin increased the need of slaves
• The south as called the Cotton Kingdom
• People defended slavery
• People from the south said that slavery was more
  humane than factory workers

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The Plantation South

• Free African Americans had laws against them,
  they could not go to school, vote, serve on
  juries or testify in court
• Freedmen were often captured and sold into
  slavery
• The laws against the slaves were called slave
  codes
• Some slaves had skilled jobs, most did heavy farm
  labor
• they were often whipped
• Families were broken apart because they were sold

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The Plantation South

• Although the import of slavery was illegal by
  1808, slaves still kept African customs, music
  and dances
• Turner Revolt was led by Nat Turner and said that
  he had a vision to kill whites
• He and other killed about 60

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The Challenges of Growth

• Between 1792 and 1819, 8 states joined the Union
• Kentucky, Tennessee, Ohio, Louisiana, Indiana,
  Mississippi, Illinois and Alabama
• Because travel was difficult, private companies
  began to build turnpikes.
• In wet areas, corduroy roads were built

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The Challenges of Growth

• Canals were built to allow boats to reach more
  places

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The Challenges of Growth

• In 1819, 11 states were free states, 11 states
  were slave states
• Missouri wanted to join as a slave state
• The North opposed this because then votes in the
  Senate would not be even
• The Missouri Compromise allowed Missouri to join
  as a slave state if Main joined as a Free state
• This lead to future difficulties

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